Nondestructive sampling of Eucalyptus globulus and E. nitens for wood properties; II. Fibre length and coarseness

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Muneri ◽  
C. A. Raymond
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Wood Properties

Effect of fertilizer on wood properties of Eucalyptus globulus

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
C A Raymond ◽  
A Muneri
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Tree Growth Rate ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
P Fertilizers

The effects of N and P fertilizers applied to Eucalyptus globulus Labill. at plantation establishment on basic density, fibre length, fibre coarseness, predicted pulp yield, and N and P concentration in the wood were examined by sampling four fertilizer factorial trials: three in Victoria and one in Western Australia. Treatments sampled were control, maximum levels of N and P by themselves and combined. Growth responses varied across sites with significant growth responses at the Victorian sites but no response at the Western Australian site. An interaction was suggested between rainfall and the effects of the fertilizer; wood properties at the drier sites were detrimentally affected by fertilizer but there was little effect at the wetter sites. On the two drier sites, application of both N and P, alone or in combination, resulted in changes in density, shorter fibres, and slightly lower predicted pulp yield. Addition of both N and P increased the levels of these nutrients in the wood at the three Victorian sites. Changes occurred in wood properties in the absence of growth responses to the applied fertilizer indicating that these changes were not induced by changing tree growth rate.

Direct Effects of Wood Characteristics on Pulp and Handsheet Properties of Eucalyptus globulus

Holzforschung ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wimmer ◽  
G.M. Downes ◽  
R. Evans ◽  
G. Rasmussen ◽  
J. French
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Microfibril Angle ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Bending Stiffness ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Handsheet Properties

Summary Fibre length, microfibril angle and wood density were measured in eight-year-old Eucalyptus globulus clones planted on three different sites. Samples were chipped and pulped, and the pulps beaten prior to preparation of 60g/m2 handsheets. Eleven physical handsheet properties, together with pulp freeness, were measured using standard methods. Direct relationships between wood properties and pulp/paper properties were studied using path analysis. Fibre length had a strong, direct effect on tear index, bending stiffness, freeness, pulp yield and active alkali consumption. Wood density was a strong predictor of most handsheet properties: high density woods produced bulkier, more porous sheets with higher bending stiffness, while lower density woods produced smoother, denser sheets with higher tensile strength.The effect of microfibril angle was small and more evident in handsheets made from beaten pulp.

scholarly journals Genetic Variation of Physical and Chemical Wood Properties of Eucalyptus globulus

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Apiolaza ◽  
C. A. Raymond ◽  
B. J. Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Microfibril Angle ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Wood Processing

Abstract This study considered the degree of genetic variation for diameter (DBH), basic density (BD), predicted pulp yield (PPY), fibre length (FL), microfibril angle (MFA) and cellulose content (CC) amongst eight subraces of Eucalyptus globulus growing in a field trial in NW Tasmania. There were significant subrace effects for BD, FL and CC. This variation affected the relative profitability of the subraces for pulp production. On average, the most profitable subraces (on NPV/ha over the base population mean) were Strzelecki Ranges ($862.04), Western Otways ($657.80) and Strzelecki Foothills ($576.81). The genetic control (heritability) of variation in DBH, FL and MFA was moderate (0.15 < h2< 0.27), while control for BD, PPY and CC was high (h2> 0.40). Genetic correlations between growth and wood properties were not statistically significant, except for DBHMFA (-0.86). Most genetic correlations amongst wood properties were outside the parametric space (< -1 or >1), but there were significant correlations between BDMFA (-0.70) and PPY-CC (0.82). The empirical response to selection on an index based on a pulp wood objective (which included volume and basic density) resulted in a gain of 4.3% for DBH, 7.9% for BD and marginal changes for all other traits, with a net impact in profit of $1,270/ha. However, future profit calculations will need to consider the effect of FL, MFA and CC on the economics of wood processing to fully evaluate the economic impact of breeding.

Within-Tree Variation in Wood Fibre Biometry And Basic Density of the Urograndis Eucalypt Hybrid (Eucalyptus Grandis × E. Urophylla)

IAWA Journal ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Quilhó ◽  
Isabel Miranda ◽  
Helena Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Axial Variation ◽  
Average Fibre ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Hybrid Eucalyptus ◽  
Old Trees

Within-tree variations in fibre length, width, wall thickness and wood basic density of Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla (urograndis) were studied in five 6.8-yr-old seedling trees and five 5.6-yr-old trees from one clone from Brazil. Samples were taken at 5%, 25%, 35%, 55%, 65% and 90% of stem height and five radial positions (10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 90% of radius). The tree average fibre length, width and wall thickness were in seed and clone trees: 0.955 mm and 1.064 mm, 18 μm and 20 μm, 3.6 μm and 4.4 μm respectively. The axial variation of fibre dimensions was very low, while there was a consistent but small increasing trend from pith to periphery. The basic density ranged from 397–464 kg/m3 to 486–495 kg/m3 respectively in seedling and clone trees with a low variation along the stem. In comparison with other eucalypt pulpwood, e.g. E. globulus, the urograndis hybrid showed similar fibre dimensions and lower basic density. Overall the within-tree variation of these wood properties was low and age had a small impact on the variation of density and fibre dimensions.

Between- and Within-Tree Variation in the Anatomy and Specific Gravity of Wood in Oregon White Oak (Quercus Garryana Dougl.)

IAWA Journal ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Lei ◽  
Michael R. Milota ◽  
Barbara L. Gartner
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Coast Range ◽  
Quercus Garryana ◽  
White Oak ◽  
Earlywood Vessel ◽  
Oregon White Oak

In order to analyze the variation in wood properties within and between trees of an underutilized tree species, we sampled six Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana Dougl.) trees from an 80-year old mixed stand of Q. garryana and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) in the Coast Range of Western Oregon, USA. Fibre length, earlywood vessel diameter, tissue proportions, and specific gravity were measured on samples across the diameter at two heights. Trees had a slight lean (2-12°), so we sampled separately both radii of a diametric strip that ran from the lower to upper side of lean.

Wood anatomical and topochemical analyses to characterize juvenile and adult wood of lesser-known species from Central America (Mexico)

IAWA Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 785-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Haag ◽  
Gerald Koch ◽  
Hans-Georg Richter ◽  
Robert Evans ◽  
José Antonio Silva Guzmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Acetone Water ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Tabebuia Rosea

ABSTRACT Anatomical and subcellular characteristics of juvenile and adult wood of seven species (Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen, Platymiscium yucatanum Standl., Lonchocarpus castilloi Standl., Roseodendron donnell-smithii (Rose) Miranda, Terminalia buceras (L.) Wright, Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) DC., Lysiloma latisiliquum (L.) Benth. from Mexico, including a histometric evaluation, were investigated by light microscopy with a digitized image analysis system and by X-ray diffractometry using the SilviScan® system. The topochemical distribution of lignin and phenolic deposits in the tissue was studied by means of cellular UV-microspectrophotometry (UMSP). Extractive contents (acetone/water and water) were determined gravimetrically. The results of the structural and topochemical analyses were compared with the interrelations of certain anatomical and subcellular structures as well as the topochemical composition with regard to the physical and mechanical properties of the timbers investigated. The objective was to provide a detailed cellular and subcellular description of the heartwood of seven lesser-known timbers from Central America. All examined tree species show significant differences between juvenile and adult heartwood. For individual species, however, the differences vary greatly and have to be individually assessed in addition to general trends observed for all studied species. It has been shown that vessel size, fibre length, size of fibre lumina, and height and width of rays, as well as the content of extractives and topochemical composition of the cell walls, are suitable indicators for the differentiation of the two heartwood types. The results also contribute to a better understanding of the wood properties of the investigated timbers in relation to their utilization and added value increase.

VARIABILITY OF FIBRE LENGTH IN WOOD AND BARK IN EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS

IAWA Journal ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima Jorge ◽  
Teresa Quilhó ◽  
Helena Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Length Variation ◽  
Axial Variation

Ten trees of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. from three different sites within Portugal were felled at 12–15 years, to study fibre length variation in bark and wood. The fibres of E. globulus were morphologically similar in bark and wood, but generally longer in the bark (on average, 0.97 mm in wood and 1.11 mm in bark). The axial variation was small and opposite in wood and bark; fibre lengths decreased in the wood and increased in the bark from the base to the top. Fibre length in wood increased significantly from pith to bark at all height levels. The measurement of fibre length at 1.3 m height level was representative for the tree average for both wood and bark.

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