Human brain activation accompanying explicitly directed movement sequence learning

2001 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Eliassen ◽  
Timothy Souza ◽  
Jerome Sanes
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Sequence Learning ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Directed Movement ◽  
Movement Sequence

Human brain activation elicited by the localization of sounds delivering at attended or unattended positions: an fMRI/MEG study

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. 116-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Brunetti ◽  
Paolo Belardinelli ◽  
Cosimo Del Gratta ◽  
Vittorio Pizzella ◽  
Stefania Della Penna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Activation

What’s Wrong with Their Mice?

Neuro ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolas Rose ◽  
Joelle M. Abi-Rached
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Psychiatric Research ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Laboratory Situation

This chapter discusses the use of animals to explore issues relating to human cognition, emotion, volition, and their pathologies. Researchers who use animal models in their work point to similarities in the genomes of the two species, in the structure of mouse and human brain, in patterns of brain activation, in neural mechanisms at the cellular and molecular level, in responses to drugs and so forth, perhaps with reference to evolution and the principle of conservation across species when it comes to the most basic aspects of living organisms, including their brains. The chapter then examines four interconnected themes: the question of the artificiality of the laboratory situation within which animal experiments are conducted; the idea of a model in behavioral and psychiatric research; the specificity of the human and the elision of history and human sociality; and the problem of translation.

The Double Take of Expertise: Neural Expansion Is Associated With Outstanding Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 462-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merim Bilalić
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Cognitive System ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Opposite Hemisphere ◽  
Computational Burden ◽  
Complex Skills ◽  
Neural Efficiency ◽  
The Brain

The performance of experts seems almost effortless. The neural-efficiency hypothesis takes this into account, suggesting that because of practice and automatization of procedures, experts require fewer brain resources. Here, I argue that the way the brain accommodates complex skills does indeed have to do with the nature of experts’ performance. However, instead of exhibiting less brain activation, experts’ performance actually engages more brain areas. Behind the seemingly effortless performance of experts lies a complex cognitive system that relies on knowledge about the domain of expertise. Unlike novices, who need to execute one process at a time, experts are able to recognize an object, retrieve its function, and connect it to another object simultaneously. The expert brain deals with this computational burden by engaging not only specific brain areas in one hemisphere but also the same (homologous) area in the opposite hemisphere. This phenomenon, which I call the double take of expertise, has been observed in a number of expertise domains. I describe it here in object- and pattern-recognition tasks in the domain of chess. I also discuss the importance of the study of expertise for our understanding of the human brain in general.

scholarly journals Functional mri of human brain activation combining high spatial and temporal resolution by a cine flash technique

1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus-Dietmar Merboldt ◽  
Gunnar Krüger ◽  
Wolfgang Hänicke ◽  
Andreas Kleinschmidt ◽  
Jens Frahm
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Flash Technique
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