Paired-pulse repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human motor cortex

2001 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Sommer ◽  
Frithjof Tergau ◽  
Stephan Wischer ◽  
Walter Paulus
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Human Motor Cortex ◽  
Paired Pulse ◽  
Human Motor ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Paired-pulse magnetic stimulation of the human motor cortex: differences among I waves

1998 ◽  
Vol 509 (2) ◽  
pp. 607-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritsuko Hanajima ◽  
Yoshikazu Ugawa ◽  
Yasuo Terao ◽  
Katsuyuki Sakai ◽  
Toshiaki Furubayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Human Motor Cortex ◽  
Paired Pulse ◽  
Human Motor ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Voluntary movement and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over human motor cortex

2009 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 1593-1603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Todd ◽  
Nigel C. Rogasch ◽  
Stanley C. Flavel ◽  
Michael C. Ridding
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Voluntary Movement ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Human Motor Cortex ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Human Motor ◽  
Voluntary Contractions

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can induce short-term reorganization of human motor cortex. Here, we investigated the effect of rTMS during relaxation and weak voluntary muscle contraction on motor cortex excitability and hand function. Subjects ( n = 60) participated in one of four studies. Single transcranial magnetic stimuli were delivered over the motor area of the first dorsal interosseus for measurement of motor evoked potential (MEP) size before and after real or sham rTMS delivered at an intensity of 80% of active motor threshold. rTMS involved trains of stimuli applied at 6 Hz for 5 s and repeated every 30 s for 10 min. Resting MEP size was suppressed for 15 min after rTMS during relaxation. However, MEP suppression was abolished when additional brief voluntary contractions were performed before and after rTMS ( study 1). Resting MEP size was suppressed for 30 min after rTMS during weak voluntary contraction. MEP suppression was present even though voluntary contractions were performed before and after rTMS ( study 2). The MEP suppression most likely reflects a decrease in motor cortical excitability. Surprisingly, rTMS during voluntary contraction did not alter maximal finger tapping speed or performance on a grooved pegboard test, object grip and lift task ( study 3), and visuomotor tracking task ( study 4). These studies document the complex relationship between voluntary movement and rTMS-induced plasticity in motor cortex. This work has implications for the optimization of rTMS parameters for improved efficacy and potential therapeutic applications.

Half sine, monophasic and biphasic transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human motor cortex

2006 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 838-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Sommer ◽  
Aránzazu Alfaro ◽  
Milena Rummel ◽  
Sascha Speck ◽  
Nicolas Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Human Motor Cortex ◽  
Human Motor ◽  
Stimulation Of
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