Biotype of the purple nonsulfur photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodospirillum centenum

1996 ◽  
Vol 165 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Nickens ◽  
Christopher J. Fry ◽  
Lisa Ragatz ◽  
C. E. Bauer ◽  
Howard Gest
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Bacterium ◽  
Rhodospirillum Centenum

scholarly journals Rhodospirillum centenum Utilizes Separate Motor and Switch Components To Control Lateral and Polar Flagellum Rotation

2002 ◽  
Vol 184 (9) ◽  
pp. 2429-2438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan McClain ◽  
David R. Rollo ◽  
Brenda G. Rushing ◽  
Carl E. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Photosynthetic Bacterium ◽  
Duplication Event ◽  
Viscous Medium ◽  
Polar Flagellum ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Transfer Event ◽  
Rhodospirillum Centenum ◽  
Lateral Flagellum

ABSTRACT Rhodospirillum centenum is a purple photosynthetic bacterium that is capable of differentiating from vibrioid swimming cells that contain a single polar flagellum into rod-shaped swarming cells that have a polar flagellum plus numerous lateral flagella. Microscopic studies have demonstrated that the polar flagellum is constitutively present and that the lateral flagella are found only when the cells are grown on solidified or viscous medium. In this study, we demonstrated that R. centenum contains two sets of motor and switch genes, one set for the lateral flagella and the other for the polar flagellum. Electron microscopic analysis indicated that polar and lateral flagellum-specific FliG, FliM, and FliN switch proteins are necessary for assembly of the respective flagella. In contrast, separate polar and lateral MotA and MotB motor subunits are shown to be required for motility but are not needed for the synthesis of polar and lateral flagella. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the polar and lateral FliG, FliM, and FliN switch proteins are closely related and most likely arose as a gene duplication event. However, phylogenetic analysis of the MotA and MotB motor subunits suggests that the polar flagellum may have obtained a set of motor genes through a lateral transfer event.

Rhodospirillum centenum, sp. nov., a thermotolerant cyst-forming anoxygenic photosynthetic bacterium

1989 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Favinger ◽  
Rebecca Stadtwald ◽  
Howard Gest
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Bacterium ◽  
Rhodospirillum Centenum

scholarly journals Isolation of Rhodospirillum centenumMutants Defective in Phototactic Colony Motility by Transposon Mutagenesis

1998 ◽  
Vol 180 (5) ◽  
pp. 1248-1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ze-Yu Jiang ◽  
Brenda G. Rushing ◽  
Yong Bai ◽  
Howard Gest ◽  
Carl E. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Large Fraction ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Photosynthetic Bacterium ◽  
Continuous Illumination ◽  
Genetic Dissection ◽  
Rhodospirillum Centenum ◽  
Light Sensing ◽  
Purple Photosynthetic Bacterium ◽  
Agar Surface ◽  
Light Signals

ABSTRACT The purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum centenum is capable of forming swarm colonies that rapidly migrate toward or away from light, depending on the wavelength of excitation. To identify components specific for photoperception, we conducted mini-Tn5-mediated mutagenesis and screened approximately 23,000 transposition events for mutants that failed to respond to either continuous illumination or to a step down in light intensity. A majority of the ca. 250 mutants identified lost the ability to form motile swarm cells on an agar surface. These cells appeared to contain defects in the synthesis or assembly of surface-induced lateral flagella. Another large fraction of mutants that were unresponsive to light were shown to be defective in the formation of a functional photosynthetic apparatus. Several photosensory mutants also were obtained with defects in the perception and transmission of light signals. Twelve mutants in this class were shown to contain disruptions in a chemotaxis operon, and five mutants contained disruptions of components unique to photoperception. It was shown that screening for photosensory defective R. centenumswarm colonies is an effective method for genetic dissection of the mechanism of light sensing in eubacteria.

scholarly journals Hypercyst Mutants in Rhodospirillum centenum Identify Regulatory Loci Involved in Cyst Cell Differentiation

2004 ◽  
Vol 186 (17) ◽  
pp. 5834-5841 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Berleman ◽  
Benjamin M. Hasselbring ◽  
Carl E. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Photosynthetic Bacterium ◽  
Developmental Cycle ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Rhodospirillum Centenum ◽  
Cyst Cell ◽  
Induced Mutants ◽  
Sensor Kinases

ABSTRACT Rhodospirillum centenum is a purple photosynthetic bacterium that forms resting cyst cells when starved for nutrients. In this study, we demonstrate that chalcone synthase gene (chsA) expression is developmentally regulated, with expression of chsA increasing up to 86-fold upon induction of the cyst developmental cycle. Screening for mini-Tn5-induced mutants that exhibit elevated chsA::lacZ expression has led to the isolation of a set of R. centenum mutants that display increased chsA gene expression concomitant with constitutive induction of the cyst developmental cycle. These “hypercyst” mutants have lost the ability to regulate cyst cell formation in response to nutrient availability. Sequence analysis indicates that the mini-Tn5-disrupted genes code for a variety of factors, including metabolic enzymes and a large set of potential regulatory factors, including four gene products with homology to histidine sensor kinases and three with homology to response regulators. Several of the disrupted genes also have sequence similarity to che-like signal transduction components.

Characterization of cyst cell formation in the purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum centenum

Microbiology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Berleman ◽  
Carl E. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Photosynthetic Bacterium ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Rhodospirillum Centenum ◽  
Cyst Cell ◽  
Cyst Cells ◽  
A Minor

Rhodospirillum centenum is an anoxygenic photosynthetic bacterium that is capable of differentiating into several cell types. When grown phototrophically in liquid, cells exhibit a vibrioid shape and have a single polar flagellum. When grown on a solid surface, R. centenum will differentiate into rod-shaped swarm cells that display numerous lateral flagella. Upon starvation for nutrients, R. centenum also forms desiccation-resistant cysts. In this study, it was determined that R. centenum has heat- and desiccation-resistance properties similar to other cyst-forming species. In addition, microscopic analyses of the morphological changes that occur during cyst cell development were performed. It was observed that R. centenum typically forms multi-celled clusters of cysts that contain from four to more than 10 cells per cluster. It was also determined that cell density has a minor effect on the percentage of cyst cells formed, with cell densities of 105–107 cells per 5 μl spot yielding the highest percentage of cyst cells. The striking similarities between the life cycle of R. centenum and the life cycle exhibited by Azospirillum spp. are discussed.

Nomenclature Abstract for Rhodospirillum centenum Favinger et al. 1994.

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Thomas Parker ◽  
Sarah Wigley ◽  
George M Garrity ◽  
Nicole Danielle Osier
Keyword(s):  
Rhodospirillum Centenum
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