Learning and behavioral stability

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Riechmann
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Stability

scholarly journals Behavioral Stability Across Time and Situations: Nonverbal Versus Verbal Consistency

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Weisbuch ◽  
Michael L. Slepian ◽  
Asha Clarke ◽  
Nalini Ambady ◽  
Jeremy Veenstra-VanderWeele
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Stability

scholarly journals Patterns of parent and offspring gene expression reflect canalization, not plasticity, in response to environmental stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette B Moss ◽  
Christopher B Cunningham ◽  
Elizabeth C McKinney ◽  
Allen J. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Behavioral Plasticity ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Behavioral Stability ◽  
The Face ◽  
Transcriptional Changes ◽  
Hostile Environments

Parenting buffers offspring from hostile environments, but it is not clear how or if the genes that underlie parenting change their expression under environmental stress. We recently demonstrated that for the subsocial carrion beetle, Nicrophorus orbicollis, temperature during parenting does not affect parenting phenotypes. Here, we ask if transcriptional changes associated with parenting are likewise robust to environmental stress. The absence of a transcriptional response for parenting under stress would suggest that the genetic programs for parenting and being parented are canalized. Conversely, a robust transcriptional response would suggest that plasticity of underlying gene expression is critical for maintaining behavioral stability, and that these mechanisms provide a potential target for selection in the face of environmental change. We test these alternatives by characterizing gene expression of parents and offspring with and without parent-offspring interactions under a benign and a stressful temperature. We found that parent-offspring interactions elicit distinct transcriptional responses of parents and larvae irrespective of temperature. We further detected robust changes of gene expression in beetles breeding at 24 degrees C compared to 20 degrees C irrespective of family interaction. However, no strong interaction between parent-offspring interaction and temperature was detected for either parents or larvae. We therefore conclude that canalization, not plasticity of gene expression, most likely explains the absence of behavioral plasticity under thermal stress. This result suggests that species may not have the genetic variation needed to respond to all environmental change, especially for complex phenotypes.

Adult Neurogenesis in the Songbird: Region-Specific Contributions of New Neurons to Behavioral Plasticity and Stability

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn L. Pytte
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Plasticity ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Behavioral Stability ◽  
New Information ◽  
Neuron Function ◽  
Motor Production ◽  
Term Storage

Our understanding of the role of new neurons in learning and encoding new information has been largely based on studies of new neurons in the mammalian dentate gyrus and olfactory bulb - brain regions that may be specialized for learning. Thus the role of new neurons in regions that serve other functions has yet to be fully explored. The song system provides a model for studying new neuron function in brain regions that contribute differently to song learning, song auditory discrimination, and song motor production. These regions subserve learning as well as long-term storage of previously learned information. This review examines the differences between learning-based and activity-based retention of new neurons and explores the potential contributions of new neurons to behavioral stability in the song motor production pathway.

Sources of Validity Evidence Needed With Self-Report Measures of Physical Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (s1) ◽  
pp. S44-S55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise C. Mâsse ◽  
Judith E. de Niet
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Validity Evidence ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Case Review ◽  
Behavioral Stability ◽  
Initial Support ◽  
Unbiased Estimates ◽  
Relative Change

Background:Over the years, self-report measures of physical activity (PA) have been employed in applications for which their use was not supported by the validity evidence.Methods:To address this concern this paper 1) provided an overview of the sources of validity evidence that can be assessed with self-report measures of PA, 2) discussed the validity evidence needed to support the use of self-report in certain applications, and 3) conducted a case review of the 7-day PA Recall (7-d PAR).Results:This paper discussed 5 sources of validity evidence, those based on: test content; response processes; behavioral stability; relations with other variables; and sensitivity to change. The evidence needed to use self-report measures of PA in epidemiological, surveillance, and intervention studies was presented. These concepts were applied to a case review of the 7-d PAR. The review highlighted the utility of the 7-d PAR to produce valid rankings. Initial support, albeit weaker, for using the 7-d PAR to detect relative change in PA behavior was found.Conclusion:Overall, self-report measures can validly rank PA behavior but they cannot adequately quantify PA. There is a need to improve the accuracy of self-report measures of PA to provide unbiased estimates of PA.

Some cautionary notes regarding the use of aggregated scores as a measure of behavioral stability

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.D Day ◽  
David Marshall ◽  
Basil Hamilton ◽  
John Christy
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Stability

scholarly journals Lifetime stability of social traits in bottlenose dolphins

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Evans ◽  
Ewa Krzyszczyk ◽  
Céline Frère ◽  
Janet Mann
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Behavioral Syndrome ◽  
Behavioral Traits ◽  
Social Traits ◽  
Behavioral Stability ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Animal Personalities ◽  
Large Groups

AbstractBehavioral phenotypic traits or “animal personalities” drive critical evolutionary processes such as fitness, disease and information spread. Yet the stability of behavioral traits, essential by definition, has rarely been measured over developmentally significant periods of time, limiting our understanding of how behavioral stability interacts with ontogeny. Based on 32 years of social behavioral data for 179 wild bottlenose dolphins, we show that social traits (associate number, time alone and in large groups) are stable from infancy to late adulthood. Multivariate analysis revealed strong relationships between these stable metrics within individuals, suggesting a complex behavioral syndrome comparable to human extraversion. Maternal effects (particularly vertical social learning) and sex-specific reproductive strategies are likely proximate and ultimate drivers for these patterns. We provide rare empirical evidence to demonstrate the persistence of social behavioral traits over decades in a non-human animal.

scholarly journals Developing individual differences in primate behavior: The role of genes, environment and their interplay

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Julian von Borell ◽  
Alexander Weiss ◽  
Lars Penke
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Ecology ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Behavior Genetics ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
Behavioral Stability

As is the case for humans, it has long been thought that nonhuman primates can be described in terms of their personality. Scientific observations that support this view include the presence of individual differences in social behavior and that they are relatively stable throughout life. Consequently, individuals are constrained in their behavioral flexibility when dealing with various environmental challenges. Still, the variation among individuals during development suggests that the environment influences how primates behave. Research in fields including psychology, behavior genetics, and behavioral ecology have tried to identify the mechanisms responsible for this interplay of behavioral stability and change. In this review we integrate theories and findings from research on humans and nonhuman primates that highlight how and to what extent genetic and environmental contributions shape the development of social behavior. To do so we first provide an overview and define what is meant by mean level and rank-order change of behavior. We then review explanations of behavioral stability and change, focusing on the role of genetic effects, how environmental circumstances influence behavioral variation throughout development, and how genetic and environmental influences may interact to produce this variation. Finally, we point to future research directions that could help us to further understand the development of social behavior in primates from within a behavior genetics framework.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document