Black Streak of Edible Burdock Caused by Itersonilia perplexans in Japan

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harukuni HORITA ◽  
Shinji YASUOKA
Keyword(s):  
Black Streak ◽  
Itersonilia Perplexans

scholarly journals Cerromojonite, CuPbBiSe3, from El Dragόn (Bolivia): A New Member of the Bournonite Group

Minerals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Jürgen Förster ◽  
Luca Bindi ◽  
Günter Grundmann ◽  
Chris Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Incident Light ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Hydrothermal Fluids ◽  
Orthorhombic Space Group ◽  
Calculated Density ◽  
Metallic Luster ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Black Streak ◽  
Mineral Aggregates ◽  
The Ideal

Cerromojonite, ideally CuPbBiSe3, represents a new selenide from the El Dragόn mine, Department of Potosí, Bolivia. It either occurs as minute grains (up to 30 µm in size) in interstices of hansblockite/quijarroite intergrowths, forming an angular network-like intersertal texture, or as elongated, thin-tabular crystals (up to 200 μm long and 40 μm wide) within lath-shaped or acicular mineral aggregates (interpreted as pseudomorphs) up to 2 mm in length and 200 μm in width. It is non-fluorescent, black, and opaque, with a metallic luster and black streak. It is brittle, with an irregular fracture, and no obvious cleavage and parting. In plane-polarized incident light, cerromojonite is grey to cream-white, and weakly pleochroic, showing no internal reflections. Between crossed polarizers, cerromojonite is weakly anisotropic, with rotation tints in shades of brown and grey. Lamellar twinning on {110} is common. The reflectance values in air for the COM standard wavelengths (R1 and R2) are: 48.8 and 50.3 (470 nm), 48.2 and 51.8 (546 nm), 47.8 and 52.0 (589 nm), and 47.2 and 52.0 (650 nm). Electron-microprobe analyses yielded a mean composition of: Cu 7.91, Ag 2.35, Hg 7.42, Pb 16.39, Fe 0.04, Ni 0.02, Bi 32.61, Se 33.37, total 100.14 wt %. The empirical formula (based on 6 atoms pfu) is (Cu0.89Hg0.11)Σ = 1.00(Pb0.56Ag0.16Hg0.15 Bi0.11Fe0.01)Σ = 0.99Bi1.00Se3.01. The ideal formula is CuPbBiSe3. Cerromojonite is orthorhombic (space group Pn21m), with a = 8.202(1) Å, b = 8.741(1) Å, c = 8.029(1) Å, V = 575.7(1) Å3, Z = 4. Calculated density is 7.035 g·cm−3. The five strongest measured X-ray powder diffraction lines (d in Å (I/I0) (hkl)) are: 3.86 (25) (120), 2.783 (100) (122), 2.727 (55) (212), 2.608 (40) (310), and 1.999 (25) (004). Cerromojonite is a new member of the bournonite group, representing the Se-analogue of součekite, CuPbBi(S,Se)3. It is deposited from strongly oxidizing low-T hydrothermal fluids at a fSe2/fS2 ratio >1, both as primary and secondary phase. The new species has been approved by the IMA-CNMNC (2018-040) and is named for Cerro Mojon, the highest mountain peak closest to the El Dragón mine.

Ballistospore discharge in Itersonilia perplexans

1984 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Webster ◽  
R.A. Davey ◽  
G.A. Duller ◽  
C.T. Ingold
Keyword(s):  
Itersonilia Perplexans

scholarly journals First report of dill blight caused by Itersonilia perplexans in Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-437
Author(s):  
Gülsüm Palacıoğlu ◽  
Göksel Özer ◽  
Harun Bayraktar
Keyword(s):  
First Report ◽  
Itersonilia Perplexans

Skaergaardite, PdCu, a new platinum-group intermetallic mineral from the Skaergaard intrusion, Greenland

2004 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Rudashevsky ◽  
A. M. McDonald ◽  
L. J. Cabri ◽  
T. F. D. Nielsen ◽  
C. J. Stanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Mineral ◽  
Indentation Hardness ◽  
Skaergaard Intrusion ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cscl Type ◽  
Black Streak ◽  
Cscl Structure ◽  
Cubic Structure ◽  
Micro Indentation

AbstractSkaergaardite, PdCu, is a new mineral discovered in the Skaergaard intrusion, Kangerdlugssuaq area, East Greenland. It occurs in a tholeitiic gabbro associated with plagioclase, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, ilmenite, titanian magnetite, fayalite and accessory chlorite-group minerals, ferrosaponite, a member of the annite–phlogopite series, hornblende, actinolite, epidote, calcite, ankerite, apatite and baddeleyite. The mineral is found in composite microglobules composed of bornite, chalcocite, digenite, chalcopyrite, with rare cobalt pentlandite, cobaltoan pentlandite, sphalerite, keithconnite, vasilite, zvyagintsevite, (Cu,Pd,Au) and Pt-Fe-Cu-Pd alloys, unnamed PdCu3, (Pd,Cu,Sn), Au3Cu and PdAuCu. Skaergaardite occurs as droplets, equant grains with rounded outlines, subhedral to euhedral crystals and as irregular grains that vary in size from 2 to 75 μm, averaging 22 μm. It is steel grey with a bronze tint, has a black streak, a metallic lustre and is sectile. Neither cleavage nor fracture was observed. The mineral has a micro-indentation hardness of VHN25 = 257. It is isotropic, non-pleochroic and exhibits neither discernible internal reflections nor evidence of twinning. Skaergaardite varies from bright creamy white (associated with bornite and chalcopyrite) to bright white (associated with digenite and chalcocite). Reflectance values in air (and in oil) are: 58.65 (47.4) at 470 nm, 62.6 (51.1) at 546 nm, 64.1 (52.8) at 589 nm and 65.25 (53.95) at 650 nm. The average of 311 electron-microprobe analyses gives: Pd 58.94, Pt 1.12, Au 2.23, Cu 29.84, Fe 3.85, Zn 1.46, Sn 1.08, Te 0.28 and Pb 0.39, total 99.19 wt.%, corresponding to (Pd0.967Au0.020Pt0.010)Σ0.997(Cu0.820Fe0.120 Zn0.039Sn0.016Te0.004Pb0.003)Σ1.002. The mineral is cubic, space group Pm3m, a = 3.0014(2) Å, V = 27.0378 Å3, Z = 1. Dcalc is 10.64 g/cm3. The six strongest lines in the X-ray powder-diffraction pattern [d in Å (I)(hkl)] are: 2.122(100)(110), 1.5000(20)(200), 1.2254(50)(211), 0.9491(20)(310), 0.8666(10)(222), 0.8021(70)(321). The mineral has the CsCl-type structure. It is believed to be isostructural with wairauite (CoFe), synthetic CuZn (β-brass) and is structurally related to hongshiite (PtCu). Skaergaardite developed from a disordered Pd-Cu-rich metal alloy melt that had exsolved from an earlier Cu-(Fe) sulphide melt. Ordering of Pd and Cu (beginning at T ≈ 600°C) results in development of the CsCl structure from a disordered face-centred cubic structure.

Outbreak of Avocado Black Streak in Dade County, Florida.

Plant Disease ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Schnell
Keyword(s):  
Dade County ◽  
Black Streak

Kudryavtsevaite, Na3MgFe3+Ti4O12, a new kimberlitic mineral

2013 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Anashkin ◽  
A. Bovkun ◽  
L. Bindi ◽  
V. Garanin ◽  
Y. Litvin
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
State University ◽  
Orthorhombic Space Group ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
Black Streak ◽  
Mohs Hardness

AbstractKudryavtsevaite, ideally Na3MgFe3+Ti4O12, is a new mineral from kimberlitic rocks of the Orapa area, Botswana. It occurs as rare prismatic crystals, up to 100 μm m across, associated with Mg-rich ilmenite, freudenbergite and ulvöspinel. Kudryavtsevaite is opaque with a vitreous lustre and shows a black streak. It is brittle; the Vickers hardness (VHN100) is 901 kg mm−2 (range: 876–925) (Mohs hardness ∼6). In reflected light, kudryavtsevaite is moderately bireflectant and very weakly pleochroic from dark grey to a slightly bluish grey. Under crossed polars, it is very weakly anisotropic with greyish-bluish rotation tints. Internal reflections are absent. Reflectance values (%), Rmin and Rmax, are: 21.3, 25.4 (471.1 nm), 20.6, 24.1 (548.3 nm), 20.0, 23.5 (586.6 nm) and 19.1, 22.4 (652.3 nm).Kudryavtsevaite is orthorhombic, space group Pnma, with a = 27.714(1), b = 2.9881(3), c = 11.3564(6) Å, V = 940.5(1) Å3, and Z = 4. The crystal structure [R1 = 0.0168 for 819 reflections with I > 2σ(I)] consists of edge-sharing and corner-sharing chains composed of Mg, Fe3+ and Ti atoms coordinated by six atoms of oxygen and running along the b axis, with Na filling the tunnels formed by the chains. The eight strongest powder-diffraction lines [d in Å (I/I0) (hkl)] are: 7.17 (100) (301), 4.84 (70) (302), 2.973 (35) (901), 2.841 (50) (004), 2.706 (50) (902), 2.541 (50) (312), 2.450 (70) (611), and 2.296 (45) (612). The average results of 12 electron microprobe analyses gave (wt.%): Na2O 16.46(15), CaO 1.01(3), MgO 5.31(5), Fe2O3 22.24(32), Cr2O3 1.05(6), Al2O3 0.03(2), TiO2 53.81(50), total 99.91, corresponding to the empirical formula (Na2.89Ca0.10)Σ2.99(Ti3.67Fe1.523+Mg0.72Cr0.08)Σ5.99O12, or ideally Na3MgFe3+Ti4O12.The new mineral has been approved by the IMA-CNMNC and named for Galina Kudryavtseva (1947–2006), a well known Russian mineralogist and founder of the Diamond Mineralogy Laboratory and scientific school for investigation of diamond mineralogy and geochemistry at the Lomonosov State University in Moscow, Russia.

scholarly journals A Blight Disease of Dill in California Caused by Itersonilia perplexans

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 802-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. Koike ◽  
S. A. Tjosvold
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Mycelium ◽  
First Record ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
Petroselinum Crispum ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Initial Symptoms ◽  
Itersonilia Perplexans ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Commercial Field

In 2000, a foliar disease was observed in commercial field plantings of dill (Anethum graveolens) in coastal California. Initial symptoms consisted of a gray-green discoloration and wilting of the tips of dill leaves. As disease developed, many of the leaves discolored and collapsed, which gave the foliage a blighted appearance and made the leaves unsuitable for harvest. A fungus was consistently isolated from symptomatic leaves. Slow growing colonies were cream-colored, velutinous, and flat with minimal aerial mycelium. Mycelium was hyaline and had clamp connections. Ovoid to subglobose sporogenous cells were abundant and measured 11 to 14 × 12 to 16 μm. Spores were ballistospores that were bilaterally symmetrical, lunate, 16 to 18 × 12 to 13 μm, and germinated with hyphae or secondary ballistospores. The fungus was identified as Itersonilia perplexans Derx (1,2). Pathogenicity was tested by preparing spore suspensions (1 × 104) and spray-inoculating potted dill plants. Plants were placed in a dew chamber for 24 h and then maintained in a greenhouse (23 to 25°C). After 10 days, leaves showed symptoms similar to those observed in the field and the same fungus was reisolated. Control plants sprayed with water did not develop symptoms. Inoculations were repeated and the results were the same. In another experiment, sets of dill plants and flowers of five cultivars of potted florist's chrysanthemum (Dendranthema × grandiflorum [= Chrysanthemum × morifolium]) and one cultivar of Leucanthemum paludosum (= C. paludosum) were spray-inoculated with several dill isolates and incubated as described previously. Dill plants developed symptoms and the fungus was reisolated. However, flowers of the six chrysanthemum cultivars did not develop any petal blight symptoms. Inoculations were repeated and the results were the same. These findings are consistent with previous studies that indicate I. perplexans consists of pathogenic forms that are host-specific to either chrysanthemum and closely related Compositae or to Apiaceae plants such as dill, carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus), parsley (Petroselinum crispum), and parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) (1,2,3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of I. perplexans on dill in California, and also appears to be the first record of this disease in North America. References: (1) T. Boekhout. Mycol. Res. 95:135, 1991. (2) T. Boekhout et al. Can. J. Microbiol. 37:188, 1991. (3) A. G. Channon. Ann. Appl. Biol. 51:1, 1963.

Weissite from Gambatesa mine, Val Graveglia, Liguria, Italy: occurrence, composition and determination of the crystal structure

2013 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bindi ◽  
C. Carbone ◽  
D. Belmonte ◽  
R. Cabella ◽  
R. Bracco
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Crystal Chemical ◽  
Chemical Formula ◽  
Unit Cell Parameters ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Black Streak ◽  
Pure Metals ◽  
Complex Crystal

AbstractWeissite, Cu2–xTe (x ≈ 0.21), a very rare copper telluride, occurs in a sample from the Gambatesa mine, Val Graveglia, Liguria, Italy, where it occurs as purplish black anhedral grains up to 0.1 mm in length and shows a black streak. No cleavage is observed and the Vickers hardness (VHN100) is 142 kg/mm2. Weissite is dark bluish black, weakly pleochroic, and moderately anisotropic in bluish tints. Reflectance percentages in air for Rmin and Rmax are 37.0, 38.4 (471.1 nm), 33.2, 34.2 (548.3 nm), 31.2, 32.1 (586.6 nm), and 28.6, 31.0 (652.3 nm), respectively.Weissite is trigonal and belongs to the space group P3m1 with the following unit-cell parameters: a = 8.3124(7) Å, c = 21.546(1) Å, V = 1289.3(2) Å3, and Z = 24. Electron microprobe analyses gave the chemical formula (Cu1.62Ag0.04Au0.04Fe0.04Sb0.04)Σ=1.78(Te0.96S0.02Se0.02). The crystal structure has been solved and refined to R = 1.95%. It consists of Cu and Te polyhedra forming complex crystal-chemical environments as is typical of many intermetallic compounds. The exceedingly short bond distances observed among the metals are discussed in relation to other copper tellurides and pure metals.

scholarly journals Pararsenolamprite, a new polymorph of native As, from the Mukuno mine, Oita Prefecture, Japan

2001 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 807-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Matsubara ◽  
R. Miyawaki ◽  
M. Shimizu ◽  
T. Yamanaka
Keyword(s):  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Third ◽  
Black Streak ◽  
Hardness Scale ◽  
Perfect Cleavage ◽  
Mohs Hardness

AbstractPararsenolamprite, the third polymorph of native As, is found at the Mukuno mine, Oita Prefecture, Japan. It is orthorhombic, Pmn21 or P21nm, a = 3.633(2), b = 10.196(2), c= 10.314(2)Å, Z = 18. The seven strongest lines in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern are: 5.17 (100) (002), 4.60 (24) (012), 3.259 (58) (013), 2.840 (27) (032), 2.580 (22) (004), 2.299 (23) (024), and 1.794 (26) (105). Electron microprobe analysis gives As 91.89, Sb 7.25, S 0.48, total 99.62 wt.% (mean of 8), and lead to the empirical formula, As0.96Sb0.03S0.01. It is lead grey in colour and opaque with metallic lustre and black streak. It is sectile and brittle with perfect cleavage on [001]. The VHN25 is 66–91 kg/mm2, corresponding to 2–2.5 in Mohs' hardness scale. The measured and calculated densities are 5.88(5) g/cm3 and 6.01 g/cm3, respectively. In reflected plane-polarized light in air, it is white with a slightly greenish blue tint. Anisotoropy is strong, dark brown to dark greenish grey. Bireflectance is distinct; parallel to elongation it is creamy; perpendicular to elongation it is brown, grey and green. Internal reflections are absent. The reflectance spectra are tabulated in the text.Pararsenolamprite occurs as euhedral crystals in close association with arsenic, stibnite and quartz in a Sb-As-Ag-Au-bearing quartz vein cutting altered Neogene andesite from the Mukuno mine. It forms radial or parallel aggregates of bladed cystals up to 0.8 mm in length.

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