Regular joint loading in youth assists in the establishment and strengthening of the collagen network of articular cartilage and contributes to the prevention of osteoarthrosis later in life: a hypothesis

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 245-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heikki J. Helminen ◽  
Mika M. Hyttinen ◽  
Mikko J. Lammi ◽  
Jari P. A. Arokoski ◽  
Tuomo Lapveteläinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Joint Loading ◽  
Collagen Network

Indentation stiffness of young canine knee articular cartilage—Influence of strenuous joint loading

1990 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1239-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jurvelin ◽  
I. Kiviranta ◽  
A.-M. Säämänen ◽  
M. Tammi ◽  
H.J. Helminen
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Joint Loading

Chondrons from articular cartilage. V. Immunohistochemical evaluation of type VI collagen organisation in isolated chondrons by light, confocal and electron microscopy

1992 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 1101-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. Poole ◽  
S. Ayad ◽  
R.T. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Collagen Network ◽  
Tail Region ◽  
Type Vi Collagen ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Basal Pole

The pericellular microenvironment around articular cartilage chondrocytes must play a key role in regulating the interaction between the cell and its extracellular matrix. The potential contribution of type VI collagen to this interaction was investigated in this study using isolated canine tibial chondrons embedded in agarose monolayers. The immunohistochemical distribution of an anti-type VI collagen antibody was assessed in these preparations using fluorescence, peroxidase and gold particle probes in combination with light, confocal and transmission electron microscopy. Light and confocal microscopy both showed type VI collagen concentrated in the pericellular capsule and matrix around the chondrocyte with reduced staining in the tail region and the interconnecting segments between adjacent chondrons. Minimal staining was recorded in the territorial and interterritorial matrices. At higher resolution, type VI collagen appeared both as microfibrils and as amorphous deposits that accumulated at the junction of intersecting capsular fibres and microfibrils. Electron microscopy also showed type VI collagen anchored to the chondrocyte membrane at the articular pole of the pericellular capsule and tethered to the radial collagen network through the tail at the basal pole of the capsule. We suggest that type VI collagen plays a dual role in the maintenance of chondron integrity. First, it could bind to the radial collagen network and stabilise the collagens, proteoglycans and glycoproteins of the pericellular microenvironment. Secondly, specific cell surface receptors exist, which could mediate the interaction between the chondrocyte and type VI collagen, providing firm anchorage and signalling potentials between the pericellular matrix and the cell nucleus. In this way type VI collagen could provide a close functional interrelationship between the chondrocyte, its pericellular microenvironment and the load bearing extracellular matrix of adult articular cartilage.

Functional in situ assessment of human articular cartilage using MRI: a whole-knee joint loading device

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1971-1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Nebelung ◽  
Manuel Post ◽  
Stefan Raith ◽  
Horst Fischer ◽  
Matthias Knobe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
Joint Loading ◽  
Loading Device ◽  
In Situ Assessment ◽  
Knee Joint Loading

Effects of Joint Loading on Articular Cartilage Collagen Metabolism: Assay of Procollagen Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase and Galactosylhydroxylysyl Glucosyltransferase

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markku Tammi ◽  
Ilkka Kiviranta ◽  
Leena Peltonen ◽  
Jukka Jurvelin ◽  
Heikki J. Helminen
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Collagen Metabolism ◽  
Joint Loading

scholarly journals Tensile mechanical properties of bovine articular cartilage: Variations with growth and relationships to collagen network components

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 872-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda K. Williamson ◽  
Albert C. Chen ◽  
Koichi Masuda ◽  
Eugene J.- M. A. Thonar ◽  
Robert L. Sah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Collagen Network ◽  
Bovine Articular Cartilage

Importance of Collagen Orientation and Depth-Dependent Fixed Charge Densities of Cartilage on Mechanical Behavior of Chondrocytes

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami K. Korhonen ◽  
Petro Julkunen ◽  
Wouter Wilson ◽  
Walter Herzog
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Fixed Charge ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Pericellular Matrix ◽  
Collagen Network ◽  
Mechanical Environment ◽  
Collagen Orientation ◽  
Charge Densities

The collagen network and proteoglycan matrix of articular cartilage are thought to play an important role in controlling the stresses and strains in and around chondrocytes, in regulating the biosynthesis of the solid matrix, and consequently in maintaining the health of diarthrodial joints. Understanding the detailed effects of the mechanical environment of chondrocytes on cell behavior is therefore essential for the study of the development, adaptation, and degeneration of articular cartilage. Recent progress in macroscopic models has improved our understanding of depth-dependent properties of cartilage. However, none of the previous works considered the effect of realistic collagen orientation or depth-dependent negative charges in microscopic models of chondrocyte mechanics. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the collagen network and fixed charge densities of cartilage on the mechanical environment of the chondrocytes in a depth-dependent manner. We developed an anisotropic, inhomogeneous, microstructural fibril-reinforced finite element model of articular cartilage for application in unconfined compression. The model consisted of the extracellular matrix and chondrocytes located in the superficial, middle, and deep zones. Chondrocytes were surrounded by a pericellular matrix and were assumed spherical prior to tissue swelling and load application. Material properties of the chondrocytes, pericellular matrix, and extracellular matrix were obtained from the literature. The loading protocol included a free swelling step followed by a stress-relaxation step. Results from traditional isotropic and transversely isotropic biphasic models were used for comparison with predictions from the current model. In the superficial zone, cell shapes changed from rounded to elliptic after free swelling. The stresses and strains as well as fluid flow in cells were greatly affected by the modulus of the collagen network. The fixed charge density of the chondrocytes, pericellular matrix, and extracellular matrix primarily affected the aspect ratios (height/width) and the solid matrix stresses of cells. The mechanical responses of the cells were strongly location and time dependent. The current model highlights that the collagen orientation and the depth-dependent negative fixed charge densities of articular cartilage have a great effect in modulating the mechanical environment in the vicinity of chondrocytes, and it provides an important improvement over earlier models in describing the possible pathways from loading of articular cartilage to the mechanical and biological responses of chondrocytes.

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