Effects of ozone and mild drought stress on gas exchange, antioxidants and chloroplast pigments in current-year needles of young Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]

Trees ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 482-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kronfuß ◽  
A. Polle ◽  
M. Tausz ◽  
W. M. Havranek ◽  
G. Wieser
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Chloroplast Pigments ◽  
Mild Drought

Effects of ozone and mild drought stress on gas exchange, antioxidants and chloroplast pigments in current-year needles of young Norway spruce [

Trees ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 482 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kronfuß ◽  
A. Polle ◽  
M. Tausz ◽  
W. M. Havranek ◽  
G. Wieser
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Chloroplast Pigments ◽  
Mild Drought

scholarly journals Drought Stress Described by Transcriptional Responses of Picea Abies under Pathogen Heterobasidion Parviporum Attack

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xenia Hao-Yi Yeoh ◽  
Blessing Durodola ◽  
Kathrin Blumenstein ◽  
Eeva Terhonen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Differentially Expressed Gene ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Water Group

The major threats to the sustainable supply of forest tree products are adverse climate, pests and diseases. Climate change, exemplified by increased drought, poses a unique threat to global forest health. This is attributed to the unpredictable behavior of forest pathosystems, which can favor fungal pathogens over the host under persistent drought stress conditions in the future. Currently, the effects of drought on tree resistance against pathogens are hypothetical, thus research is needed to identify these correlations. Norway spruce (Picea abies) is one of the most economically important tree species in Europe, and is considered highly vulnerable to changes in climate. Dedicated experiments to investigate how disturbances will affect the Norway spruce - Heterobasidion sp. pathosystem are important, in order to develop different strategies to limit the spread of H. annosum s.l. under the predicted climate change. Here, we report a transcriptional study to compare Norway spruce gene expressions to evaluate the effects of water availability and the infection of Heterobasidion parviporum. We performed inoculation studies of three-year-old saplings in a greenhouse (purchased from a nursery). Norway spruce saplings were treated in either high (+) or low (-) water groups: high water group received double the water amount than the low water group. RNA was extracted and sequenced. Similarly, we quantified gene expression levels of candidate genes in biotic stress and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathways using qRT-PCR, through which we discovered a unique preferential defense response of H. parviporum-infected Norway spruce under drought stress at the molecular level. Disturbances related to water availability, especially low water conditions can have negative effects on the tree host and benefit the infection ability of the pathogens in the host. From our RNA-seq analysis, 114 differentially expressed gene regions were identified between high (+) and low (-) water groups under pathogen attack. None of these gene pathways were identified to be differentially expressed from both non-treated and mock-control treatments between high (+) and low (-) water groups. Finally, only four genes were found to be associated with drought in all treatments.

Exposure of mature Norway spruce to ozone in twig-chambers: effects on gas exchange

1994 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
Gerhard Wieser ◽  
Wilhelm M. Havranek
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Adult Trees

SynopsisLittle is known about ozone (O3) effects on adult trees in the field, where ecophysiological parameters control pollutant uptake. It was the goal of this study to examine how ambient and above ambient O3 concentrations affect gas exchange of mature Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Therefore, twigs were enclosed in chambers and exposed to different O3 concentrations for one and two seasons over three years. During winter periods twigs were maintained under ambient conditions. Data from the shade crown of spruce trees at 1000 m a.s.l. are presented. After one and two fumigation periods no clear treatment effects on gas exchange were observed in twigs fumigated with O3 concentrations ranging from zero up to ambient (A) + 60 ppb. However, O3 at 90 ppb reduced photosynthesis and conductance. CO2 response curves indicated that in A + 90 twigs the efficiency of CO2 uptake was diminished. Observed losses in Pn of A + 90 twigs were greater than reductions in conductance indicating that stomatal closure alone did not limit CO2 uptake. We conclude that ambient and slightly above ambient O3 concentrations do not alter gas exchange of mature Norway spruce. Therefore, suppositions on O3 damage on mature spruce trees should be critically questioned.

scholarly journals Effects of ozone and drought stress on the physiology and growth of two clones of Norway spruce (Picea abies)

1997 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. KARLSSON ◽  
E. L. MEDIN ◽  
G. WALLIN ◽  
G. SELLDEN ◽  
L. SKARBY
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce

scholarly journals Warming and elevated ozone differently modify needle anatomy of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris)

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Kivimäenpää ◽  
Sirkka Sutinen ◽  
Hanna Valolahti ◽  
Elina Häikiö ◽  
Johanna Riikonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Needle Anatomy ◽  
Elevated Ozone

Acclimation of conifer needle anatomy to climate change is poorly understood. We studied needle anatomy, shoot gas exchange, current-year shoot length, and stem diameter growth in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings exposed to elevated ozone (1.35× to 1.5× ambient concentration) and elevated temperature (0.9–1.3 °C + ambient temperature) alone and in combination for two exposure seasons in two separate open-field experiments in central Finland. Pines grew also at two soil nitrogen levels. In spruce, warming increased mesophyll intercellular space and reduced gas exchange and shoot growth and made needles narrower and the epidermis and hypodermis thinner. In pine, warming made needles bigger, increased shoot and stem growth, stomatal row number, and proportions of vascular cylinder, phloem, and xylem and reduced the proportion of mesophyll. These responses indicate that pine benefited and spruce suffered from moderate warming. Ozone caused a thickening of epi- and hypo-dermis and a lower stomatal conductance in both species, reduced stomatal density in spruce, and increased proportions of phloem, xylem, and sclerenchyma and reduced growth in pine. Ozone responses suggest increased oxidative stress defense. Stomatal responses were affected by interactions of elevated temperature and ozone in both species. Nitrogen availability modified ozone and temperature responses, particularly in the vascular tissues in pine.

Short-term changes in free radical scavengers and chloroplast pigments in Pinus canariensis needles as affected by mild drought stress

2001 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Tausz ◽  
Astrid Wonisch ◽  
Juliane Peters ◽  
María Soledad Jiménez ◽  
Domingo Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Radical Scavengers ◽  
Pinus Canariensis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Chloroplast Pigments ◽  
Mild Drought

scholarly journals Physiological responses of Norway spruce (Picea abies) seedlings to drought stress

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ditmarova ◽  
D. Kurjak ◽  
S. Palmroth ◽  
J. Kmet ◽  
K. Strelcova
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Physiological Responses
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