“Spring rise” of whaleworm (Anisakis simplex; Nematoda, Ascaridoidea) third-stage larvae in some fish species from Norwegian waters

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (8) ◽  
pp. 619-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Einar Strømnes ◽  
Karin Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Anisakis Simplex ◽  
Third Stage

Behavior and Viability of Third-Stage Larvae of Terranova sp. (Type HA) and Anisakis simplex (Type I) Under Coolant Conditions

1984 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS L. DEARDORFF ◽  
RICHARD B. RAYBOURNE ◽  
ROBERT S. DESOWITZ
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fishes ◽  
Anisakis Simplex ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Type I ◽  
Fish Tissues ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Raw Fish ◽  
The Western Pacific

This study reports effects of storage at cold temperatures on behavior and survival of third-stage larvae of Terranova sp. (type HA) and Anisakis simplex (type I) in marine fishes. Snappers, caught near the Hawaiian Islands, were examined to determine whether type HA and type I larvae could migrate from the viscera of ungutted fishes into edible musculature when maintained at 12, 8, and 0°C. Our data are suggestive that both type HA and type I larvae possess the ability to migrate. Temperatures of 12, 8, and 0°C had no noticable adverse affect on viability of both larval types within fish tissues; however, both larval types were extremely sensitive to temperatures below freezing. Death of both larval types encysted within Hawaiian snappers occurred by day 4 at −5°C and within 24 h at −10, −15, and −20°C. Other type I larvae, collected from fishes (Sebastes spp.) imported to Hawaii from the western Pacific, survived for slightly longer periods at −5, −10, −15, and −20°C when compared with type I larvae from Hawaiian fishes. Subjecting Hawaiian snappers to at least −20°C for 1 d and imported rockfishes to at least −20°C for 5 d is recommended to inactivate the living anisakines before ingesting any raw fish products.

scholarly journals Development and Application of Novel Chemiluminescence Immunoassays for Highly Sensitive Detection of Anisakis simplex Proteins in Thermally Processed Seafood

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Maciej Kochanowski ◽  
Mirosław Różycki ◽  
Joanna Dąbrowska ◽  
Jacek Karamon ◽  
Jacek Sroka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Anisakis Simplex ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Thermally Processed ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Seafood Products ◽  
Highly Sensitive Detection ◽  
Development And Validation

The third-stage larvae (L3) of Anisakis simplex are the most important source of hidden allergens in seafood products. However, there exist no commercial methods for detecting Anisakis proteins in food. Furthermore, only a few methods have been validated for the detection of A. simplex in thermally processed food. The aims of our study are (i) the development and validation of high-sensitivity chemiluminescent (CL) immunoassays for the detection of A. simplex proteins in processed seafood, (ii) and A. simplex antigen detection in common seafood products from Polish markets. We developed and validated CL sandwich ELISA (S-ELISA) and CL competitive ELISA (C-ELISA) methods for A. simplex proteins detection in food, with respective detection limits of 0.5 and 5 ng/mL. The usefulness of the assays for detecting A. simplex proteins in highly processed food was evaluated by examination of autoclaved canned fish spiked with A. simplex larvae (1–8 larvae/200 g). Commercial real-time PCR was unable to detect A. simplex in autoclaved samples at all levels of enrichment with Anisakis larvae. CL-S-ELISA was used to test various types of seafood products from Polish markets. Among all tested products (n = 259), 28% were positive. A. simplex antigens were found mostly (n = 39) in smoked fish products: mackerel, herring, cod, and hake. Other positive samples were found in marinated herrings, canned cod livers, canned mackerels, and surimi sticks. In tuna, Atlantic argentine, anchovy, sardine, sprat, and squid products, A. simplex antigens were not detected. This study provides novel effective tools for the detection of A. simplex proteins in processed food and highlights the potential allergic hazards for Anisakis-sensitized Polish consumers of seafood.

The source, release and specificity of proteolytic enzyme activity produced by Anisakis simplex larvae (Nematoda: Ascaridida) in vitro

1984 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard E. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Proteolytic Enzyme ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Anisakis Simplex ◽  
Excretory System ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Continuous Synthesis ◽  
Proteolytic Enzyme Activity ◽  
Third Stage

ABSTRACTIndirect fluorescent antibody techniques and incubation of sectioned and ligatured larvae have been used to locate the source of azocoll-positivc secretions within the oesophagcal glands of third-stage Anisakis simplex larvae. The “excretory” system, previously suggested as a source of invasive enzymes, docs not seem to be involved. The proteolytic enzyme has trypsin-like properties and evidence is presented for its continuous synthesis during in vitro storage.

Euphausiids as intermediate hosts of Anisakis simplex in the St. Lawrence estuary

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1226-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Réjean Hays ◽  
Lena N Measures ◽  
Jean Huot
Keyword(s):  
Anisakis Simplex ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Lawrence Estuary ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Important Intermediate ◽  
Meganyctiphanes Norvegica ◽  
Saguenay River ◽  
St Lawrence Estuary

To determine abundance of larval Anisakis simplex in euphausiids of the St. Lawrence estuary, Meganyctiphanes norvegica and Thysanoessa raschii were collected at seven sites from the mouth of the Saguenay River to Baie des Outardes. Larvae were removed from euphausiids by means of a modified Baermann apparatus filled with a pepsin-HCl digest solution. Abundances of larvae in euphausiids ranged from 0 to 58.2 × 10-5. Larvae (N = 100) were in the third stage (bearing one cuticle) or moulting from the second stage to the third stage (bearing two cuticles). Euphausiids, particularly T. raschii, which represented 98% of the total euphausiids sampled, are important intermediate hosts of A. simplex in the St. Lawrence estuary. These data indicate the importance of the St. Lawrence estuary as an enzootic zone for A. simplex and thus a valuable area to study the biology and the transmission of this parasite.

Adjustment of anisakid nematode life cycles to the high Antarctic food web as shown by Contracaecum radiatum and C. osculatum in the Weddell Sea

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Klöser ◽  
Joachim Plötz ◽  
Harry Palm ◽  
Annette Bartsch ◽  
Gerd Hubold
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Weddell Seal ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Weddell Seals ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Benthic Food ◽  
Short Type

The infestation of Weddell seals and several fish species by the anisakid nematodes Contracaecum osculatum and C. radiatum was compared. Nematode numbers in Weddell seal stomachs ranged from 30 560 to 122 640. Third stage larvae from seals and fish were separated into a short and a long type. The short type was related to C. radiatum and the long type to C. osculatum. The short type was more abundant in pelagic fish species, whereas the long type prevailed in benthic fish species. Fish-feeding channichthyids Cryodraco antarcticus and Chionodraco myersi seemed to play an important role as paratenic hosts for the third stage larvae of both Contracaecum species. Different advantageous and detrimental features of a benthic versus a pelagic life cycle under high Antarctic ecological conditions are discussed. Varying abundance of the two nematode species in hosts may be controlled by differences in their life cycles, which follow either a pelagic or a benthic food web. Crucial importance is thus given to the local availability of pelagic versus benthic food resources for Weddell seals.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI DAN PREVALENSI CACING ENDOPARASIT PADA IKAN LAYANG DELES (Decapterus macrosoma) DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN NUSANTARA BRONDONG, LAMONGAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Fahdi Putra Utama ◽  
Kismiyati . ◽  
Gunanti Mahasri ◽  
Putri Desi Wulansari
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Anisakis Simplex ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
The Third ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Third Stage

ABSTRACT                The High Interest of public to Marine fish, create more demand of Slander Scad (Decapterus macrosoma). Slander Scad is one commodity that has economic value and high nutritional content. The Slander Scad is obtained from the catch of fishermen in the Nusantara Fishery Port Brondong, Lamongan. Fish that caught from the wild is likely to get a disease caused by infection of the endoparasites.worm.           The parasites that infect Slander scad probably caused by environmental factors that could decrease immune system, causing the fish easily infected by endoparasites worm such as Anisakis. This parasite is zoonotic and can infect humans, therefore, to identify and prevalence for humans who consume fish can manage properly. The purpose of this study was to identify the species of endoparasite worms that infect Slander Scad (D. Macrosoma) in Nusantara Fishery Port of Brondong, Lamongan. The research method is using a survey method through sampling at locations directly. 75 samples of Slander Scad were examined. The main parameters observed in this study are to observe the species and the prevalence of endoparasitic worm that infected Slander scad. The result of the identification of endoparasite that infected Slander Scad were analyzed descriptively and presented in the form of figures and tables. The results showed the presence of the third-stage Anisakis simplex larvae that infect the Slander Scad in the liver, intestines, gonads, muscles in the abdominal side, in the Nusantara Fishery Port of Brondong Lamongan, East Java with a total prevalence of Anisakis simplex worm was 42.67%.                               Keywords: Slander Scad, Prevalence, Anisakis simplex, and zoonotic.

Development to third-stage larvae occurs in the eggs of Anisakis simplex and Pseudotetranova decipiens (Nematoda, Ascaridoidea, Anisakidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (S1) ◽  
pp. 134-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Køie ◽  
Bjørn Berland ◽  
Michäel D.B. Burt
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Anisakis Simplex ◽  
Stage Larva ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
Pseudoterranova Decipiens ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Tail Tip

Two moults occur during larval development in the eggs of Anisakis simplex (Rudolphi, 1809) and Pseudoterranova decipiens (Krabbe, 1878) from the North Atlantic. Live larvae forced out of eggs in sea water by coverslip pressure shortly before spontaneous hatching were surrounded by the thin cuticle of the first-stage larva. Infective larvae from naturally hatched eggs are loosely ensheathed in the thick cuticle of the second-stage larva. Thus, it is the third-stage larva that emerges from the egg of both species and not the second-stage larva as previously believed. The thin, smooth, fragile cuticle of the first-stage larva remains in the egg. The striated, cocoon-like cuticle of the second-stage larva of A. simplex may increase the buoyancy of the third-stage larva. The tail tip of the cuticle of the second-stage larva of P. decipiens is sticky and adheres the sheathed third-stage larva to the substrate.

scholarly journals Increasing intensities of Anisakis simplex third-stage larvae (L3) in Atlantic salmon of coastal waters of Scotland

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J. Kent ◽  
Campbell C. Pert ◽  
Robert A. Briers ◽  
Karen Diele ◽  
Sonja Rueckert
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Anisakis Simplex ◽  
Third Stage
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