The role of tangent and normal cones in the viability theory of differential inclusions

Author(s):  
Georges Haddad
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos S. Papageorgiou

In “Viability Theory”, we select trajectories which are viable in the sense that they always satisfy a given constraint. Since the fundamental work of Nagumo [26], we know that in order to guarantee existence of viable trajectories, we need to satisfy certain tangential conditions. In the case of differential inclusions and using the modern terminology and notation of tangent cones, this condition takes the form F(t, x) ∩ TK#φ, where F(.,.) is the orientor field involved in the differential inclusion, K is the viability (constraint) set and TK(x) is the tangent cone to K at x. Results on the existence of viable solutions for differential inclusions can be found in Aubin–Cellina [2] and Papageorgiou [30,32].


JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.


2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.


2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefen Beeler-Duden ◽  
Meltem Yucel ◽  
Amrisha Vaish

Abstract Tomasello offers a compelling account of the emergence of humans’ sense of obligation. We suggest that more needs to be said about the role of affect in the creation of obligations. We also argue that positive emotions such as gratitude evolved to encourage individuals to fulfill cooperative obligations without the negative quality that Tomasello proposes is inherent in obligations.


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