An approximative method for the transformation of kinetic sorption data from batch-experiments to transport processes in model soil columns

2007 ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
B. D. Struck ◽  
I. Sistemich ◽  
R. Pelzer
Keyword(s):  
Transport Processes ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Sorption Data ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Approximative Method ◽  
Kinetic Sorption

scholarly journals Zn sorption on Ca-illite and Ca-smectite: experiment and modelling

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 04008
Author(s):  
Christelle Latrille ◽  
Aubéry Wissocq ◽  
Catherine Beaucaire
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Sorption Isotherms ◽  
Ion Exchanger ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Sorption Site ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Sorption Data ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Site Types

To predict Zn behaviour in soil, the retention properties of clay minerals plays a relevant role. In a continental environment, Ca is the main cation in solution. Soil reactivity may be reduced to sorption properties of Zn and Ca on illite and smectite, the major clay minerals in soil. With this assumption, a multi-site ion exchanger model has successfully been applied to the Zn sorption on Ca-illite and Ca-smectite. New batch experiments performed in this study enabled to collect sorption data for Zn on Ca-illite by concentration and pH isotherms. Zn sorption reversibility was then verified. These sorption data were modelled successfully with a multi-site ion exchanger (MSIE) formalism by using four sorption site types. Zn sorption isotherms on smectite were retrieved from literature and interpreted following the MSIE formalism. The obtained selectivity coefficients may be thereafter put into ion exchange models to describe the Zn sorption in natural environments.

scholarly journals Sorption of Sulfonamide Antibiotics to Soil Organic Sorbents: Batch Experiments with Model Compounds and Computational Chemistry

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Schwarz ◽  
S. Thiele-Bruhn ◽  
K.-U. Eckhardt ◽  
H.-R. Schulten
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Sorption Behavior ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Sulfonamide Antibiotics ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion

Sorption of the sulfonamide antibiotics sulfanilamide, sulfadimethoxine, and sulfapyridine to model soil organic matter was investigated. Therefore, Fluka humic acid and an enzymatically reacted vanillin oligomer were used in batch experiments at pH 4.5, 6.0, and 7.5. Sorption of the amphoteric sulfonamides was nonlinear and pH dependent. At pH 4.5 and 6.0 sorption to both humic acid and oligomer increased in the order sulfanilamide < sulfapyridine < sulfadimethoxine. This was primarily attributed to the sulfonamides' H-bond donor/acceptor properties. Sorption to the oligomer indicated that in addition to π-π interactions with aromatics phenolic, aldehyde and methoxyl moieties of the oligomer are specific binding sites. Stronger sorption to humic acid than to the oligomer was related to the more complex structure and functional group diversity of humic acid. At pH 7.5 sorption sequence was changed to sulfadimethoxine < sulfanilamide < sulfapyridine, indicating a changed sorption behavior due to different sulfonamide speciation. In part sorption non-reversibility was strong. This was attributed to surface complexation, rate-limiting intra-particle diffusion processes and entrapment of sulfonamides in voids of organic matter. Molecular mechanics (MM+) computational modeling using a DOM-trimer model confirmed that H-bonding and dipole-dipole interactions are crucial for entrapment of sulfonamides in voids of organic matter.

scholarly journals Interaction of Aqueous Cu2+ Ions with Granules of Crushed Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyaa F. Ali ◽  
Ziad T. Abd Ali
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Particle Size Range ◽  
Sorption Data ◽  
Surface Precipitation ◽  
Crushed Concrete

The sorption of Cu2+ ions from synthetic wastewater using crushed concrete demolition waste (CCDW) which collected from a demolition site was investigated in a batch sorption system. Factors influencing on sorption process such as shaking time (0-300min), the initial concentration of contaminant (100-750mg/L), shaking speed (0-250 rpm), and adsorbent dosage (0.05-3 g/ml) have been studied. Batch experiments confirmed that the best values of these parameters were (180 min, 100 mg/l, 250 rpm, 0.7 g CCDW/100 ml) respectively where the achieved removal efficiency is equal to 100%. Sorption data were described using four isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, and Radke-Prausnitz). Results proved that the pure adsorption and precipitation are the main mechanisms for removal of copper ions from aqueous solution onto CCDW and sorption data can be represented by Langmuir and Radke-Prausnitz model. The copper ion was successfully removed from aqueous solution during batch experiments using CCDW in the particle size range 2–1 mm. Scanning electron microscopy detected that the removal of Cu2+ was found to arise from surface precipitation.

Biosorption of Acid Blue 5 by Biomass Derived from Eichhornia crassipes: Batch and Column Studies

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramamoorthy Ramasamy ◽  
Renganathan Sahadevan ◽  
Velan Manikam ◽  
Dharmendira Kumar Mahendradas ◽  
Raajenthiren Muniswamy
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Column Studies ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Sorption Data ◽  
Bed Height ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Acid Blue

Biosorption of Acid Blue 5 dye by the Eichhornia crassipes was investigated in batch and column studies. Batch experiments were conducted to study the effect of initial solution pH and dye concentration. Langmuir and Freundlich sorption models were used to represent the equilibrium data. Experimental breakthrough curves in a column were obtained with bed height (5, 10 and 15 cm), flow rate (20, 25 and 30mL/min) and initial dye concentration (50, 75 and 100 mg/L). An increase in bed height and initial dye concentration favors the dye biosorption, while the minimum flow rate produced maximum dye biosorption. It was observed that the uptake of Acid Blue 5 using a bed height of 15 cm, flow rate of 20 mL/min and initial dye concentration of 100 mg/L was found to be more when compared to all other bed height, flow rate and initial dye concentration studied in the present investigation. The Bed Depth Service Time (BDST) model was used for the evaluation of continuous sorption data.

scholarly journals Inverse modelling for predicting both water and nitrate movement in a structured-clay soil (Red Ferrosol)

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e6002 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Kirkham ◽  
Christopher J. Smith ◽  
Richard B. Doyle ◽  
Philip H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Solute Transport ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Inverse Modelling ◽  
Diffusion Experiment ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Soil Hydraulic

Soil physical parameter calculation by inverse modelling provides an indirect way of estimating the unsaturated hydraulic properties of soils. However many measurements are needed to provide sufficient data to determine unknown parameters. The objective of this research was to assess the use of unsaturated water flow and solute transport experiments, in horizontal packed soil columns, to estimate the parameters that govern water flow and solute transport. The derived parameters are then used to predict water infiltration and solute migration in a repacked soil wedge. Horizontal columns packed with Red Ferrosol were used in a nitrate diffusion experiment to estimate either three or six parameters of the van Genuchten–Mualem equation while keeping residual and saturated water content, and saturated hydraulic conductivity fixed to independently measured values. These parameters were calculated using the inverse optimisation routines in Hydrus 1D. Nitrate concentrations measured along the horizontal soil columns were used to independently determine the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The soil hydraulic properties described by the van Genuchten–Mualem equation, and the NO3–adsorption isotherm, were then used to predict water and NO3–distributions from a point-source in two 3D flow scenarios. The use of horizontal columns of repacked soil and inverse modelling to quantify the soil water retention curve was found to be a simple and effective method for determining soil hydraulic properties of Red Ferrosols. These generated parameters supported subsequent testing of interactive flow and reactive transport processes under dynamic flow conditions.

scholarly journals Sorption and transformation of the reactive tracers resazurin and resorufin in natural river sediments

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 12187-12216 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lemke ◽  
R. González-Pinzón ◽  
Z. Liao ◽  
T. Wöhling ◽  
K. Osenbrück ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Sediments ◽  
Tracer Tests ◽  
Sorption Isotherms ◽  
Hyporheic Exchange ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Linear Sorption ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Kinetic Sorption ◽  
Reactive Tracers ◽  
Transient Tracer

Abstract. Resazurin (Raz) and its reaction product resorufin (Rru) have increasingly been used as reactive tracers to quantify metabolic activity and hyporheic exchange in streams. Previous works have indicated that these compounds undergo sorption in stream sediments. We present a series of laboratory column and batch experiments on Raz and Rru transport, sorption, and transformation within sediments with different physicochemical properties under neutral and alkaline conditions. The data of the column experiments were fitted by a model accounting for physical transport, equilibrium and kinetic sorption, and three first-order reactions. The most likely parameters and their uncertainty were determined by a Markov-Chain Monte Carlo approach. Linear and non-linear sorption isotherms of both compounds were obtained by batch experiments. We found that kinetic sorption dominates sorption of both Raz and Rru, with characteristic timescales of sorption in the order of > 80 min. The linear sorption models for both Raz and Rru appeared adequate for concentrations that are typically applied in field-tracer tests. The supposed two-site sorption model helps interpreting transient tracer tests using the Raz–Rru system.

Modelling E. coli transport in soil columns: simulation of wastewater reuse in agriculture

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1123-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Smith ◽  
Aimen Badawy
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Reclaimed Wastewater ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Impact

Transport of E. coli bacteria was investigated in laboratory soil columns for three Egyptian agricultural soils, with aim toward determining a set of site specific criteria for safe and sustainable use of treated wastewater in irrigation in Egypt. In particular, the impacts of varying soil type and hydraulic loading rate (HLR) on E. coli effluent breakthrough curves were examined in the laboratory and simulated using the CXTFIT package to solve a one-dimensional mass transport equation that included advection, dispersion, adsorption, and straining/filtration. The attempt was made to measure the coefficients associated with each mass transfer process from independent experiments. The HLR used in irrigation was found to exert considerable influence on the impact of transport processes on E. coli breakthrough. At low HLRs, adsorption and straining/filtration are significant in addition to advection and dispersion. However, at high HLRs approaching flood irrigation, E. coli is essentially unaffected by reaction processes, with breakthrough a function of advection and dispersion only. Estimating Kdvia independent batch experiments did not provide a suitable description of adsorption of E. coli in soil columns. To ensure safe and sustainable reuse of reclaimed wastewater in irrigation, guidelines should account for physical and chemical properties of the soil and other local conditions that may impact residual contaminant transport.

scholarly journals Removal of lead ions from wastewater using crushed concrete demolition waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Alyaa F. Ali ◽  
Ziad T. Abd Ali
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Lead Ions ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Lead Ion ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Sorption Data ◽  
Principal Mechanism ◽  
Crushed Concrete

The sorption of Pb2+ ions from synthetic wastewater using crushed concrete demolition waste (CCDW) which collected from a demolition site was investigated in a batch sorption system. Factors influencing on sorption process such as shaking time (0-300min), initial concentration of contaminant (100-750mg/L), shaking speed (0-250 rpm), and adsorbent dosage (0.05-3 g/ml) have been studied. Batch experiments confirmed that the best values of these parameters were (180 min, 100 mg/l, 200 rpm, 0.3 g CCDW/100 ml) respectively where the achieved removal efficiency is equal to 100%. Sorption data were described using four isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, and Radke-Prausnitz). Results proved that the pure adsorption and precipitation are the main mechanisms for removal of lead ions from aqueous solution onto CCDW and sorption data can be represented by Langmuir model. The lead ion was successfully removed from aqueous solution during batch experiments using (CCDW) in the particle size range 2–1 mm. The principal mechanism of uptake of Pb2+ was found to be by diffusion into the cement matrix and this was detected by Scanning electron microscopy.

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