Molecular semiotic structures in the cellular immune system: Key to dynamics and spatial patterning?

2008 ◽  
pp. 197-206
Author(s):  
Walter Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Spatial Patterning ◽  
Cellular Immune System ◽  
Cellular Immune

Opiate binding sites in the cellular immune system: expression and regulation

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J Madden ◽  
William L Whaley ◽  
David Ketelsen
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Cellular Immune System ◽  
Opiate Binding ◽  
Cellular Immune

scholarly journals The relationship between neopterin and hepatitis B surface antigen positivity

Pteridines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Songül Ü Ünüvar ◽  
Hamza Aslanhan ◽  
Zübeyde Tanrıverdi ◽  
Fuat Karakuş
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Predictive Biomarker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Cellular Immune System ◽  
Cellular Immune

Abstract Hepatitis B is a life-threatening viral liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus. Neopterin is regarded as an immunologic biomarker of several diseases related to activation of the cellular immune system. Hepatitis B infection is associated with increased production of cellular immune system markers. We aimed to investigate whether there is a relationship between hepatitis B surface antigen-positivity (HBsAg +) and neopterin to determine the role of neopterin in the early diagnosis of hepatitis B infections. Seventy-two HBsAg (+) patients with normal liver function tests and forty-three controls were included in the study. Neopterin levels were 17.6 ± 0.13 nmol/L in HBsAg (+) patients; and 9.12 ± 0.09 nmol/L in infection-free controls, respectively. Compared to the control group, a statistically significant increase (p < 0.001) in the serum neopterin levels of the patients was observed. No significant relationship was determined between neopterin levels and age/sex (both, p > 0.05). With overstimulation of interferon-gamma, the production of neopterin increases by monocytes/macrophages. Likewise with other diseases associated with an activated cellular immune system, this study shows that neopterin can be a predictive biomarker for persistent carriers of hepatitis B infection.

scholarly journals The analysis of the long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the cellular immune system in individuals recovering from COVID-19 reveals a profound NKT cell impairment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
jia liu ◽  
Xuecheng Yang ◽  
Hua Wang ◽  
Ziwei Li ◽  
Hui Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Cellular Immune System ◽  
Cellular Immune

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) affects millions of people and killed hundred-thousands of individuals. While acute and intermediate interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and the immune system have been studied extensively, long-term impacts on the cellular immune system remained to be analyzed. Here, we comprehensively characterized immunological changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 49 COVID-19 convalescent individuals (CI) in comparison to 27 matched SARS-CoV-2 unexposed individuals (UI). Despite recovery from the disease for more than 2 months, CI showed significant decreases in frequencies of invariant NKT and NKT-like cells compared to UI. Concomitant with the decrease in NKT-like cells, an increase in the percentage of Annexin V and 7-AAD double positive NKT-like cells was detected, suggesting that the reduction in NKT-like cells results from cell death months after recovery. Significant increases in regulatory T cell frequencies, TIM-3 expression on CD4 and CD8 T cells, as well as PD-L1 expression on B cells were also observed in CI, while the cytotoxic potential of T cells and NKT-like cells, defined by GzmB expression, was significantly diminished. However, both CD4 and CD8 T cells of CI showed increased Ki67 expression and were fully capable to proliferate and produce effector cytokines upon TCR stimulation. Collectively, we provide the first comprehensive characterization of immune signatures in patients recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection, suggesting that the cellular immune system of COVID-19 patients is still under a sustained influence even months after the recovery from disease.

scholarly journals Changes in the cellular immune system and circulating inflammatory markers of stroke patients

Oncotarget ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 3553-3567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Jiang ◽  
Weixia Kong ◽  
Yuejuan Wang ◽  
Wendy Ziai ◽  
Qingwu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cellular Immune System ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Circulating Inflammatory Markers

Neural Activation of the Cellular Immune System Involving an Opioid Mechanism in the Mollusc Mytilus edulis

1990 ◽  
Vol 594 (1 Neuropeptides) ◽  
pp. 494-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEORGE B. STEFANO ◽  
PATRICK CADET ◽  
JUAN SINISTERRA ◽  
MICHAEL K. LEUNG ◽  
BERTA SCHARRER
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Cellular Immune System ◽  
Cellular Immune

scholarly journals Exploratory reference intervals on hematology and cellular immune system of multiparous Large White sows

2011 ◽  
Vol 141 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Sipos ◽  
Catharina J. Duvigneau ◽  
Romana T. Hartl ◽  
Ilse Schwendenwein
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Large White ◽  
Cellular Immune System ◽  
Cellular Immune

Parathyroid Hormone and the Cellular Immune System

Nephron ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Revital Shurtz-Swirski ◽  
Tamar Shkolnik ◽  
Shaul M. Shasha
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Cellular Immune System ◽  
Cellular Immune

Open-Label Study of Cellular Immunity in Dialysis Patients after Intravenous Ibandronate.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 3901-3901
Author(s):  
Raoul Bergner ◽  
Burkhard Weiss ◽  
Martin Hoffman ◽  
Dirk Henrich ◽  
Michael Uppenkamp
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Rejection Rate ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Cellular Immune System ◽  
Cellular Immune

Abstract Intravenous infusion of bisphosphonates can cause acute phase reactions which may be caused by changes in the cellular immune system, particularly in lymphocyte subtypes. These immune changes and an acute phase reaction both normally disappear after 48 hours. Previous studies have shown that kidney transplant recipients treated with immunosuppressive therapy and ibandronate for bone protection have a lower rejection rate than those treated with immunosuppressive therapy and placebo.1 This suggests that there may be long-term changes in the immune system occurring with ibandronate treatment. We investigated the long term changes in the cellular immune system during ibandronate treatment in dialysis patients. As these patients are not normally treated with immunosuppressive or cytotoxic agents, which can cause changes in the cellular immune system, they are an eligible population for such a study. In this open-label trial, 16 patients with end-stage renal disease receiving regular hemodialysis were recruited. All patients were treated with ibandronate 2mg every 4 weeks for renal osteopathy; a dose that provides similar AUC and bone exposure as a 6mg dose in patients with normal renal function. The cellular immune system was investigated before first ibandronate application and the measurement was repeated at weeks 2, 4 and 48. The following parameters were measured by blood count differentiation: leucocytes, granulocytes lymphocytes, monocytes. Lymphocyte subtypes were measured by flow cytometry: B-lymphocytes (CD3+/CD19+), T-helper cells (CD3+/CD4+), T-suppressor cells (CD3+/CD8+), natural killer (NK)-cells (CD3+/CD16+56+), helper-inducer cells (CD4+/CD29+), activated T-cells (CD3+/HLA-DR+), activated T-lymphocytes (CD3+/CD25+), naive T-cells (CD3+/CD45RA+) and memory-T-lymphocytes (CD3+/CD45RO+). Twelve patients completed the study and were evaluated. One patient dropped out because of flu-like symptoms with muscle pain after the first ibandronate infusion; however this was well controlled with paracetamol. Three patients died due to concomitant diseases (diabetes and cardiovascular events). There were no statistically significant differences in cellular immunity over time as measured in weeks 0, 2, 4 and 48 (see Figure). In this small-pilot study of dialysis patients receiving ibandronate, no changes in the cellular immune system were observed over time. Changes in different lymphocyte subtypes, which occur in the acute phase reaction after first infusion, were not seen. Reduced rejection rate in transplant recipients after ibandronate infusion cannot be explained by changes in the cellular immune system, and must therefore occur by another mechanism. Figure Figure

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