Covariant theory of conductivity in ideal fluid or solid media

1989 ◽  
pp. 1-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Carter
Keyword(s):  
Ideal Fluid ◽  
Covariant Theory ◽  
Solid Media

Ultrastructure and Morphology of the Neurospora Crassa Cell Wall Mutants, Slime And Slime X, Using Tem and Sem

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
Karen S. Howard ◽  
H. D. Braymer ◽  
M. D. Socolofsky ◽  
S. A. Milligan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
X Cells ◽  
Mutant Cells ◽  
Isolated Cell

The recently isolated cell wall mutant slime X of Neurospora crassa was prepared for ultrastructural and morphological comparison with the cell wall mutant slime. The purpose of this article is to discuss the methods of preparation for TEM and SEM observations, as well as to make a preliminary comparison of the two mutants.TEM: Cells of the slime mutant were prepared for thin sectioning by the method of Bigger, et al. Slime X cells were prepared in the same manner with the following two exceptions: the cells were embedded in 3% agar prior to fixation and the buffered solutions contained 5% sucrose throughout the procedure.SEM: Two methods were used to prepare mutant and wild type Neurospora for the SEM. First, single colonies of mutant cells and small areas of wild type hyphae were cut from solid media and fixed with OSO4 vapors similar to the procedure used by Harris, et al. with one alteration. The cell-containing agar blocks were dehydrated by immersion in 2,2-dimethoxypropane (DMP).

TEM processing procedure for a bacillus organism grown on solid media

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 624-625
Author(s):  
Jane Payne ◽  
Philip Coudron
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Fume Hood ◽  
Vacuum Aspiration ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Solid Agar ◽  
Processing Procedure ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Rat Bone

This transmission electron microscopy (TEM) procedure was designed to examine a gram positive spore-forming bacillus in colony on various solid agar media with minimal artifact. Cellular morphology and organization of colonies embedded in Poly/Bed 812 resin (P/B) were studied. It is a modification of procedures used for undecalcified rat bone and Stomatococcus mucilaginosus.Cultures were fixed and processed at room temperature (RT) under a fume hood. Solutions were added with a Pasteur pipet and removed by gentle vacuum aspiration. Other equipment used is shown in Figure 3. Cultures were fixed for 17-18 h in 10-20 ml of RT 2% phosphate buffered glutaraldehyde (422 mosm/KgH2O) within 5 m after removal from the incubator. After 3 (30 m) changes in 0.15 M phosphate buffer (PB = 209-213 mosm/KgH2O, pH 7.39-7.41), colony cut-outs (CCO) were made with a scalpel.

De novo metabolite production through co-cultivation of different fungal species on solid media

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
A Azzollini ◽  
JL Wolfender ◽  
K Gindro
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Metabolite Production ◽  
Solid Media

scholarly journals Mutations in fbiD (Rv2983) as a Novel Determinant of Resistance to Pretomanid and Delamanid in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. e01948-20
Author(s):  
Dalin Rifat ◽  
Si-Yang Li ◽  
Thomas Ioerger ◽  
Keshav Shah ◽  
Jean-Philippe Lanoix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Resistance

ABSTRACTThe nitroimidazole prodrugs delamanid and pretomanid comprise one of only two new antimicrobial classes approved to treat tuberculosis (TB) in 50 years. Prior in vitro studies suggest a relatively low barrier to nitroimidazole resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but clinical evidence is limited to date. We selected pretomanid-resistant M. tuberculosis mutants in two mouse models of TB using a range of pretomanid doses. The frequency of spontaneous resistance was approximately 10−5 CFU. Whole-genome sequencing of 161 resistant isolates from 47 mice revealed 99 unique mutations, of which 91% occurred in 1 of 5 genes previously associated with nitroimidazole activation and resistance, namely, fbiC (56%), fbiA (15%), ddn (12%), fgd (4%), and fbiB (4%). Nearly all mutations were unique to a single mouse and not previously identified. The remaining 9% of resistant mutants harbored mutations in Rv2983 (fbiD), a gene not previously associated with nitroimidazole resistance but recently shown to be a guanylyltransferase necessary for cofactor F420 synthesis. Most mutants exhibited high-level resistance to pretomanid and delamanid, although Rv2983 and fbiB mutants exhibited high-level pretomanid resistance but relatively small changes in delamanid susceptibility. Complementing an Rv2983 mutant with wild-type Rv2983 restored susceptibility to pretomanid and delamanid. By quantifying intracellular F420 and its precursor Fo in overexpressing and loss-of-function mutants, we provide further evidence that Rv2983 is necessary for F420 biosynthesis. Finally, Rv2983 mutants and other F420H2-deficient mutants displayed hypersusceptibility to some antibiotics and to concentrations of malachite green found in solid media used to isolate and propagate mycobacteria from clinical samples.

scholarly journals Copper Stress Targets the Rcs System To Induce Multiaggregative Behavior in a Copper-Sensitive Salmonella Strain

2010 ◽  
Vol 192 (23) ◽  
pp. 6287-6290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas B. Pontel ◽  
Alejandro Pezza ◽  
Fernando C. Soncini
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Polysaccharide ◽  
Copper Resistance ◽  
Copper Stress ◽  
Colanic Acid ◽  
Solid Media

ABSTRACT Salmonella ΔcuiD strains form mucoid colonies on copper-containing solid media. We show here that this multiaggregative behavior is caused by the Rcs-dependent induction of colanic acid extracellular polysaccharide. Deletion of cps operon genes in a ΔcuiD strain increased the sensitivity to copper, indicating a role for colanic acid in copper resistance.

Natamycin release from alginate active films to liquid and semi-solid media

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa C. K. Bierhalz ◽  
Mariana A. da Silva ◽  
Theo G. Kieckbusch
Keyword(s):  
Solid Media ◽  
Semi Solid

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxic Activity of Phenolic Preparations of Diverse Composition, Obtained from Elaeagnus rhamnoides (L.) A. Nelson Leaf and Twig Extracts

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2835
Author(s):  
Anna Stochmal ◽  
Bartosz Skalski ◽  
Rostyslav Pietukhov ◽  
Beata Sadowska ◽  
Joanna Rywaniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

Although the major components of various organs of sea buckthorn have been identified (particularly phenolic compounds), biological properties of many of these phytochemicals still remain poorly characterized. In this study, we focused on the chemical composition and biological activity of preparations that were obtained from sea buckthorn twigs and leaves. The objective was to investigate cytotoxicity of these preparations against human fibroblast line HFF-1, using MTT reduction assay, their anti- or pro-oxidant activities against the effects of a biological oxidant -H2O2/Fe—on human plasma lipids and proteins in vitro (using TBARS and carbonyl groups as the markers of oxidative stress). Antimicrobial activity of the tested preparations against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa), as well as against fungi (Candida albicans, C. glabrata) by the EUCAST-approved broth microdilution method, followed by growth on solid media, were also assessed. Our analysis showed significant differences in chemical composition and biological properties of the tested preparations (A–F). All tested preparations from sea buckthorn twigs (D–F) and one preparation from sea buckthorn leaves (preparation C) may be a new source of phenolic antioxidants for pharmacological and cosmetic applications.

Scaling analyses for hyperpolarization transfer across a spin-diffusion barrier and into bulk solid media

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan A. Prisco ◽  
Arthur C. Pinon ◽  
Lyndon Emsley ◽  
Bradley F. Chmelka
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Barrier ◽  
Spin Diffusion ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
Bulk Solid ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Scaling Analyses ◽  
Rate Limiting

Quantitative scaling analyses based on mass and energy transport analogies enable rate-limiting processes to be established in hyperpolarization transfer phenomena.

scholarly journals Port-Hamiltonian modeling of ideal fluid flow: Part I. Foundations and kinetic energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 104201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramy Rashad ◽  
Federico Califano ◽  
Frederic P. Schuller ◽  
Stefano Stramigioli
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Ideal Fluid ◽  
Ideal Fluid Flow ◽  
Flow Part

scholarly journals Citrus Cell Suspension Culture Establishment, Maintenance, Efficient Transformation and Regeneration to Complete Transgenic Plant

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 664
Author(s):  
M. Moniruzzaman ◽  
Yun Zhong ◽  
Zhifeng Huang ◽  
Huaxue Yan ◽  
Lv Yuanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Cell Suspension Culture ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Transformation Rate ◽  
Suspension Cell Culture ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation ◽  
Solid Media

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of epicotyl segment has been used in Citrus transgenic studies. The approach suffers, however, from limitations such as occasionally seed unavailability, the low transformation efficiency of juvenile tissues and the high frequency of chimeric plants. Therefore, a suspension cell culture system was established and used to generate transgenic plants in this study to overcome the shortcomings. The embryonic calli were successfully developed from undeveloped ovules of the three cultivars used in this study, “Sweet orange”-Egyptian cultivar (Citrus sinensis), “Shatangju” (Citrus reticulata) and “W. Murcott” (Citrus reticulata), on three different solid media. Effects of media, genotypes and ages of ovules on the induction of embryonic calli were also investigated. The result showed that the ovules’ age interferes with the callus production more significantly than media and genotypes. The 8 to 10 week-old ovules were found to be the best materials. A cell suspension culture system was established in an H+H liquid medium. Transgenic plants were obtained from Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of cell suspension as long as eight weeks subculture intervals. A high transformation rate (~35%) was achieved by using our systems, confirming BASTA selection and later on by PCR confirmation. The results demonstrated that transformation of cell suspension should be more useful for the generation of non-chimeric transgenic Citrus plants. It was also shown that our cell suspension culture procedure was efficient in maintaining the vigor and regeneration potential of the cells.

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