scholarly journals Are the Recommended Taxonomies for the Stages of Youth Smoking Onset Consistent with Youth’s Perceptions of Their Smoking Status?

2006 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott T. Leatherdale ◽  
Paul W. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Smoking Onset

Impacts of Canada’s minimum age for tobacco sales (MATS) laws on youth smoking behaviour, 2000–2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (e2) ◽  
pp. e105-e111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Clarence Callaghan ◽  
Marcos Sanches ◽  
Jodi Gatley ◽  
James K Cunningham ◽  
Michael Oliver Chaiton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Absolute Increase ◽  
Smoking Intensity ◽  
Tobacco Sales ◽  
Minimum Age

BackgroundRecently, the US Institute of Medicine has proposed that raising the minimum age for tobacco purchasing/sales to 21 years would likely lead to reductions in smoking behavior among young people. Surprisingly few studies, however, have assessed the potential impacts of minimum-age tobacco restrictions on youth smoking.ObjectiveTo estimate the impacts of Canadian minimum age for tobacco sales (MATS) laws on youth smoking behaviour.DesignA regression-discontinuity design, using seven merged cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey, 2000–2014.ParticipantsSurvey respondents aged 14–22 years (n=98 320).ExposureCurrent Canadian MATS laws are 18 years in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Quebec, the Yukon and Northwest Territories, and 19 years of age in the rest of the country.Main outcomesCurrent, occasional and daily smoking status; smoking frequency and intensity; and average monthly cigarette consumption.ResultsIn comparison to age groups slightly younger than the MATS, those just older had significant and abrupt increases immediately after the MATS in the prevalence of current smokers (absolute increase: 2.71%; 95% CI 0.70% to 4.80%; P=0.009) and daily smokers (absolute increase: 2.43%; 95% CI 0.74% to 4.12%; P=0.005). Average past-month cigarette consumption within age groups increased immediately following the MATS by 18% (95% CI 3% to 39%; P=0.02). There was no evidence of significant increases in smoking intensity for daily or occasional smokers after release from MATS restrictions.ConclusionThe study provides relevant evidence supporting the effectiveness of Canadian MATS laws for limiting smoking among tobacco-restricted youth.

scholarly journals Youth vaping and smoking and parental vaping: a cross-sectional survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Green ◽  
Linsay Gray ◽  
Helen Sweeting
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Smoking Initiation ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unmeasured Confounding ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Alternative Scenarios ◽  
Negative Impacts

Abstract Background: Concerns remain about potential negative impacts of e-cigarettes including possibilities that: youth e-cigarette use (vaping) increases risk of youth smoking; and vaping by parents may have impacts on their children’s vaping and smoking behaviour. Methods: With cross-sectional data from 3291 youth aged 10-15 years from the Understanding Society Survey, we estimated effects of youth vaping on youth smoking (ever, current and initiation in the past year), and of parental vaping on youth smoking and vaping, and examined whether the latter differed by parental smoking status. Propensity weighting was used to adjust for measured confounders and estimate effects of vaping under alternative scenarios of no vaping vs universal adoption, and vs observed vaping levels. E-values were calculated to assess the strength of unmeasured confounding influences needed to negate our estimates. Results: Associations between youth vaping and youth smoking were attenuated considerably by adjustment for measured confounders. Estimated effects of youth vaping on youth smoking were stronger comparing no use to universal adoption (e.g. OR for smoking initiation: 32.5; 95% CI: 9.8-107.1) than to observed levels of youth vaping (OR: 4.4; 0.6-30.9). Relatively strong unmeasured confounding would be needed to explain these effects. Associations between parental vaping and youth vaping were explained by measured confounders. However, estimates for parental vaping on youth smoking indicated effects, especially for youth with ex-smoking parents (e.g. OR for smoking initiation: 11.3; 2.7-46.4) rather than youth with currently smoking parents (OR: 1.0; 0.2-6.4). Relatively weak unmeasured confounding could explain these parental vaping effects. Conclusions: While results for youth vaping and youth smoking associations indicated support for underlying propensities, estimated effects still required considerable unmeasured confounding to be explained fully. However, these estimates from cross-sectional data could also be explained by smoking leading to vaping. Stronger estimates for universal vaping adoption vs observed usage, indicated that if youth vaping does increase risk of youth smoking, this effect may be stronger in the general population of youth, than among those youth who typically vape. Associations of parental vaping with youth smoking and vaping were either explained by measured confounding or could be relatively easily explained by unmeasured confounding.

Effects of socialization in the household on youth susceptibility to smoking: a secondary analysis of the 2004/05 Canadian Youth Smoking Survey

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S.H. Schultz ◽  
J. Nowatzki ◽  
D.A. Dunn ◽  
E.J. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Smoking Ban ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Smoking Restrictions ◽  
Youth Smoking Survey ◽  
Canadian Youth ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Susceptibility To Smoking

Objective To determine associations between younger youths’ susceptibility to smoking and four household variables related to tobacco socialization: parental and sibling smoking, restrictions on smoking in the home and exposure to smoking in vehicles. Methods A secondary analysis of the 2004/05 Canadian Youth Smoking Survey used logistic regression to investigate the relationships between youth susceptibility to smoking, gender, and four household variables related to tobacco socialization. Susceptibility to smoking was operationalized by three levels of smoking experience and intention: non-susceptible non-smoker, susceptible non-smoker and experimenter/smoker. The national survey included 29 243 grade 5 to 9 students from randomly sampled public and private schools in ten provinces. Results For non-smokers, the odds of being susceptible to smoking increased with having a sibling who smokes, a lack of a total household smoking ban and riding in a vehicle with a smoker in the previous week, when adjusting for all other variables in the model. These variables also increased the odds of being an experimenter/smoker versus a susceptible non-smoker. Parent smoking status was not significant in these models. Conclusion Denormalization messages, through enforced home and vehicle smoking bans, appear to support youth in maintaining a resolve to not smoke, regardless of parental smoking status.

scholarly journals Youth vaping and smoking and parental vaping: a panel survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Green ◽  
Linsay Gray ◽  
Helen Sweeting
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Smoking Initiation ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Unmeasured Confounding ◽  
Youth Population ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background: Concerns remain about potential negative impacts of e-cigarettes including possibilities that: youth e-cigarette use (vaping) increases risk of youth smoking; and vaping by parents may have impacts on their children’s vaping and smoking behaviour.Methods: With panel data from 3291 youth aged 10-15 years from the 7th wave of the UK Understanding Society Survey (2015-2017), we estimated effects of youth vaping on youth smoking (ever, current and past year initiation), and of parental vaping on youth smoking and vaping, and examined whether the latter differed by parental smoking status. Propensity weighting was used to adjust for measured confounders and estimate average effects of vaping for all youth, and among youth who vaped. E-values were calculated to assess the strength of unmeasured confounding influences needed to negate our estimates.Results: Associations between youth vaping and youth smoking were attenuated considerably by adjustment for measured confounders. Estimated average effects of youth vaping on youth smoking were stronger for all youth (e.g. OR for smoking initiation: 32.5; 95% CI: 9.8-107.1) than among youth who vaped (OR: 4.4; 0.6-30.9). Relatively strong unmeasured confounding would be needed to explain these effects. Associations between parental vaping and youth vaping were explained by measured confounders. Estimates indicated effects of parental vaping on youth smoking, especially for youth with ex-smoking parents (e.g. OR for smoking initiation: 11.3; 2.7-46.4) rather than youth with currently smoking parents (OR: 1.0; 0.2-6.4), but these could be explained by relatively weak unmeasured confounding.Conclusions: While measured confounding accounted for much of the associations between youth vaping and youth smoking, indicating support for underlying propensities, our estimates suggested residual effects that could only be explained away by considerable unmeasured confounding or by smoking leading to vaping. Estimated effects of youth vaping on youth smoking were stronger among the general youth population than among the small group of youth who actually vaped. Associations of parental vaping with youth smoking and vaping were either explained by measured confounding or could be relatively easily explained by unmeasured confounding.

Cigarette Smoking from Adolescence to Adulthood

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie Chassin ◽  
Clark C. Presson ◽  
Jonathan T. Macy ◽  
Steven J. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Historical Change ◽  
Societal Change ◽  
Developmental Approach ◽  
Smoking Onset

In this chapter, findings from a long-term, cohort-sequential, multigenerational study of cigarette smoking are used to illustrate the importance of a developmental approach for (1) understanding trajectories of smoking behavior (in relation to other forms of tobacco use) and the conditions and challenges of the developmental periods that show transitions in smoking status (particularly adolescent smoking onset and challenges for parents with adolescent children), (2) understanding heterogeneity in these trajectories because differing trajectories may have different etiological underpinnings as well as different implications for the intergenerational transmission of smoking, (3) recognizing that development unfolds within the larger context of societal and historical change and that societal change can influence outcomes, and (4) considering development within a family systems and multigenerational context.

scholarly journals Association of Tobacco Control Policies With Youth Smoking Onset in Chile

2019 ◽  
Vol 173 (8) ◽  
pp. 754 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Emmanuel Guindon ◽  
Guillermo R. Paraje ◽  
Frank J. Chaloupka
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Smoking Onset ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies

scholarly journals Youth vaping and smoking and parental vaping: a panel survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Green ◽  
Linsay Gray ◽  
Helen Sweeting
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Smoking Initiation ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Unmeasured Confounding ◽  
Youth Population ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background: Concerns remain about potential negative impacts of e-cigarettes including possibilities that: youth e-cigarette use (vaping) increases risk of youth smoking; and vaping by parents may have impacts on their children’s vaping and smoking behaviour.Methods: With panel data from 3291 youth aged 10-15 years from the 7th wave of the UK Understanding Society Survey (2015-2017), we estimated effects of youth vaping on youth smoking (ever, current and past year initiation), and of parental vaping on youth smoking and vaping, and examined whether the latter differed by parental smoking status. Propensity weighting was used to adjust for measured confounders and estimate average effects of vaping for all youth, and among youth who vaped. E-values were calculated to assess the strength of unmeasured confounding influences needed to negate our estimates.Results: Associations between youth vaping and youth smoking were attenuated considerably by adjustment for measured confounders. Estimated average effects of youth vaping on youth smoking were stronger for all youth (e.g. OR for smoking initiation: 32.5; 95% CI: 9.8-107.1) than among youth who vaped (OR: 4.4; 0.6-30.9). Relatively strong unmeasured confounding would be needed to explain these effects. Associations between parental vaping and youth vaping were explained by measured confounders. Estimates indicated effects of parental vaping on youth smoking, especially for youth with ex-smoking parents (e.g. OR for smoking initiation: 11.3; 2.7-46.4) rather than youth with currently smoking parents (OR: 1.0; 0.2-6.4), but these could be explained by relatively weak unmeasured confounding.Conclusions: While measured confounding accounted for much of the associations between youth vaping and youth smoking, indicating support for underlying propensities, our estimates suggested residual effects that could only be explained away by considerable unmeasured confounding or by smoking leading to vaping. Estimated effects of youth vaping on youth smoking were stronger among the general youth population than among the small group of youth who actually vaped. Associations of parental vaping with youth smoking and vaping were either explained by measured confounding or could be relatively easily explained by unmeasured confounding.

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