scholarly journals Scrap Melting by the Fuel-Oxygen-Scrap Process

JOM ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 818-818
Author(s):  
John Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Scrap Melting ◽  
Scrap Process

scholarly journals Study on the Rate of Scrap Melting in the Steelmaking Process

1969 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazumi MORI ◽  
Hiroyuki NOMURA
Keyword(s):  
Steelmaking Process ◽  
Scrap Melting

scholarly journals Diffusive steel scrap melting in carbon-saturated hot metal—phenomenological investigation at the solid–liquid interface

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penz ◽  
Schenk ◽  
Ammer ◽  
Klösch ◽  
Pastucha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Carbon Concentration ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Production Optimization ◽  
Steel Scrap ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Hot Metal ◽  
Scrap Melting ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid

The oxygen steelmaking process in a Linz-Donawitz (LD) converter is responsible for more than 70% of annual crude steel production. Optimization of the process control and numerical simulation of the LD converter are some of the current challenges in ferrous metallurgical research. Because of the process conditions and oxidation of impurities of the hot metal, a lot of chemical heat is generated. Therefore, steel scrap is charged as a coolant with the economical side aspect of its recycling. One of the more complex aspects is, among others, the dissolution and melting behaviour of the scrap in carbon-saturated hot metal. Heat and mass transfer act simultaneously, which has already been investigated by several researchers using different experimental approaches. The appearances at the interface between solid steel and liquid hot metal during diffusive scrap melting have been described theoretically but never investigated in detail. After an experimental investigation under natural and forced convective conditions, the samples were further investigated with optical microscopy and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). A steep carbon concentration gradient in the liquid appeared, which started at an interface carbon concentration equal to the concentration on the solid side of the interface. Moreover, the boundary layer thickness moved towards zero, which symbolized that the boundary layer theory based on thermodynamic equilibrium was not valid. This fact was concluded through the prevailing dynamic conditions formed by natural and forced convection.

Electromechanical Coupled Response of the AC Electric Arc Furnace Structures During the Scrap Melting Process

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenio G. M. Brusa ◽  
Nicola Bosso ◽  
Nicolò Zampieri ◽  
Stefano Morsut ◽  
Maurizio Picciotto
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Structures ◽  
Electric Circuit ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
Hydraulic Actuator ◽  
Scrap Melting

Prediction of structural dynamics of the Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) is rather difficult, because of a number of phenomena occurring during the scrap melting process. Three large electrodes, corresponding to each phase of a AC circuit, are lowered by the main mast towards the scrap to activate the melting process, induced by the electric arc. Electric current fed to each electrode produces a strong magnetic field and applies an electromechanical force on the other electrodes. Arc voltage looks irregular upon time, even because of the scrap motion within the vessel and temperature growth. The vertical position of the mast is controlled by an hydraulic actuator. Nevertheless, a heavy vibration of the structures affects the regularity of the melting process. A fully coupled model of the whole system is herein proposed, through a multi-physics approach. A first analytical approach, describing the electric circuit of the whole system, is implemented into a Multi Body Dynamics (MBD) model of the EAF, while a reduced Finite Element Method (FEM) model of the flexible structures is used for a preliminary optimization of the design parameters. Electromechanical forces due to the mutual induction among the electrodes are computed and the dynamic response of the system is investigated. Proposed model allows a first refinement of the EAF design, although a complete experimental validation on the real machine has to be performed, in spite of problems due the extremely difficult accessibility of structures during the melting process.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document