Histories of Response Omission and Human Operant Behavior Under a Fixed-Ratio Schedule of Reinforcement

1982 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Operant Behavior ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Ratio Schedule ◽  
Fixed Ratio Schedule ◽  
Schedule Of Reinforcement ◽  
Human Operant ◽  
Human Operant Behavior

Increasing Slowed Operant Responding of Schizophrenics under a Fixed-Ratio Schedule of Reinforcement

1981 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 579-582
Author(s):  
Harold Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Ratio Schedule ◽  
Fixed Ratio Schedule ◽  
Operant Responding ◽  
Schedule Of Reinforcement ◽  
Minimum Number

Two procedures were evaluated in terms of their ability to modify the slowed responding of schizophrenics under an FR 40 schedule. FR 40 response rates increased when schizophrenics were instructed to earn a minimum number of reinforcements or to imitate the rate of responding of someone shown earning that minimum number of reinforcements. The greater increase in FR 40 responding occurred under the latter procedure.

Auditory Control of Operant Behavior in Mute Autistic Children

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 561-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph N. Hingtgen ◽  
Susan K. Coulter
Keyword(s):  
Operant Behavior ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Ratio Schedule ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Fixed Ratio Schedule ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Operant Responding ◽  
Lever Pressing

To determine whether auditory stimuli can control operant responding in mute autistic children, 4 Ss were presented with 5 pairs of auditory stimuli. During the presentation of 1 stimulus the child was able to obtain food on a previously established fixed-ratio schedule of lever pressing, while during the presentation of the second stimulus an extinction schedule was in effect. A new set of stimuli was introduced when the preceding set was learned. 3 of the 4 children learned to discriminate four pairs of auditory stimuli within an average of 36 daily 40-min. sessions. The data indicate that some mute autistic children are capable of learning simple auditory-motor associations.

A note on the preference of sheep for whole or crushed grains and seeds

1984 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Hutson ◽  
P. N. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Food Reward ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Ratio Schedule ◽  
Fixed Ratio Schedule ◽  
Schedule Of Reinforcement ◽  
Preferred Foods ◽  
Reinforcement Value ◽  
To Receive

ABSTRACTAn operant conditioning technique was used to determine whether the reinforcement value of grains and seeds preferred by sheep could be increased by crushing the food. Five sheep were trained to press a plate to receive a food reward. The rate of pressing on a progressive fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement was used as a measure of reinforcement value. Five foods were tested: barley, wheat, oats, lupins and peas. Crushing the foods had no effect on rate of pressing, whereas there was a great deal of variation between sheep and between foods. The preferred foods were wheat and barley.

Conditioning History and Maladaptive Human Operant Behavior

1965 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 935-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Operant Behavior ◽  
Reinforcement Schedule ◽  
Differential Reinforcement ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Variable Interval ◽  
Human Operant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Human Operant Behavior ◽  
Laboratory Situation

Two experiments are presented which examined the effects of different past experiences (histories of conditioning) upon maladaptive human behavior in an operant conditioning laboratory situation. In Exp. I, unnecessary punished responding under a fixed-interval reinforcement schedule was shown to result from a history of fixed-ratio conditioning. In Exp. II low rates of variable-interval responding which produced unnecessary reinforcement loss followed a history of conditioning under a differential reinforcement of low rate schedule.

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