Evaluating site significance in historical mining districts

1990 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L. Hardesty
Keyword(s):  
Historical Mining ◽  
Site Significance ◽  
Mining Districts

Fertility and Occupation: Mining Districts in Prewar Japan

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-315
Author(s):  
Carl Mosk
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Fertility Decline ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
Family Limitation ◽  
Fertility Differentials ◽  
Constrained Choice ◽  
Mining Districts

Many theories of demographic transition stem from attempts to explain fertility differentials across economic and social groups. These differentials typically emerge once a decline in natality commences. Thus it is commonly observed that the fertility of urban populations falls short of that recorded for agricultural districts, that the upper classes tend to precede the working classes in the adaptation of family limitation, and the like. These observations are, in turn, used to justify economic and sociological theories which, by associating both social status and economic costs and benefits with occupation and residence, account for the fertility decline in terms of status and constrained choice.

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SOME PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC SOILS FROM THE SOUTHERN CANADIAN SHIELD

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. ANN BROWN ◽  
S. P. MATHUR ◽  
ANTON BROWN ◽  
D. J. KUSHNER
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Mining Districts ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Inorganic Components

Different numerical methods used to distinguish between organic soil types are evaluated. The research was initiated by the suggestion that acid leaching from mining wastes could be prevented by capping the tailings with a self-renewing methane-producing muskeg bog, in order to prevent the penetration of oxygen to the wastes. Thirty organic soils from bogs in the mining districts of Elliot Lake, Sudbury, and Timmins, Ontario, and Noranda, Quebec, were sampled and 28 soil characteristics were measured. These characteristics, whose values are normally or lognormally distributed, were analyzed by several different statistical methods. Some characteristics indicate the existence of two populations, and others are bivariantly correlated. Canonical discriminant analysis was more successful than cluster analysis in separating the bogs into well-defined geographical groups. However, principal component analysis proved best at grouping the organic soils according to their organic and inorganic components, and we suggest that this is a suitable method for the general discrimination of organic soil types. Methane was present in all the 17 bogs tested for it, and in two very wet bogs more than 2 mmol of methane per liter were extracted. Key words: Muskeg bog, organic soils, soil characterization, principal component analysis

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