Fitness Studies Between Field Isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae Resistant and Sensitive to Scytalone Dehydratase Inhibitors of Melanin Biosynthesis (Mbi-Ds) and Decline of Frequency of Resistant Isolates at a Rice Field

2015 ◽  
Vol 122 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 224-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Kimura ◽  
Hiroaki Fujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Melanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
Scytalone Dehydratase

scholarly journals Novel Variation and Evolution of AvrPiz-t of Magnaporthe oryzae in Field Isolates

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Wang ◽  
Jinbin Li ◽  
Lin Lu ◽  
Chengxing He ◽  
Chengyun Li
Keyword(s):  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
Novel Variation

scholarly journals A Rapid Survey of Avirulence Genes in Field Isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-723
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Yulin Jia ◽  
Yanli Wang ◽  
Guochang Sun
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Avr Gene ◽  
Avr Genes

Magnaporthe oryzae is the causal agent for the devastating disease rice blast. The avirulence (AVR) genes in M. oryzae are required to initiate robust disease resistance mediated by the corresponding resistance (R) genes in rice. Therefore, monitoring pathogen AVR genes is important to predict the stability of R gene-mediated blast resistance. In the present study, we analyzed the DNA sequence dynamics of five AVR genes, namely, AVR-Pita1, AVR-Pik, AVR-Pizt, AVR-Pia, and AVR-Pii, in field isolates of M. oryzae in order to understand the effectiveness of the R genes, Pi-ta, Pi-k, Pi-zt, Pia, and Pii in the Southern U.S. rice growing region. Genomic DNA of 258 blast isolates collected from commercial fields of the Southern UNITED STATES during 1975–2009 were subjected to PCR amplification with AVR gene-specific PCR markers. PCR products were obtained from 232 isolates. The absence of PCR products in the remaining 26 isolates suggests that these isolates do not contain the tested AVR genes. Amplified PCR products were subsequently gel purified and sequenced. Based on the presence or absence of the five AVR genes, 232 field isolates were classified into 10 haplotype groups. The results revealed that 174 isolates of M. oryzae carried AVR-Pita1, 225 isolates carried AVR-Pizt, 44 isolates carried AVR-Pik, 3 isolates carried AVR-Pia, and one isolate carried AVR-Pii. AVR-Pita1 was highly variable, and 40 AVR-Pita1 haplotypes were identified in avirulent isolates. AVR-Pik had four nucleotide sequence site changes resulting in amino acid substitutions, whereas three other AVR genes, AVR-Pizt, AVR-Pia, and AVR-Pii, were relatively stable. Two AVR genes, AVR-Pik and AVR-Pizt, were found to exist in relatively larger proportions of the tested field isolates, which suggested that their corresponding R genes Pi-k and Pi-zt can be deployed in preventing blast disease in the Southern UNITED STATES in addition to Pi-ta. This study demonstrates that continued AVR gene monitoring in the pathogen population is critical for ensuring the effectiveness of deployed blast R genes in commercial rice fields.

Confirming and Identifying New Loci for Rice Blast Disease Resistance using Magnaporthe oryzae Field Isolates in the US

Crop Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 2620-2627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjie Xing ◽  
Melissa H Jia ◽  
James C. Correll ◽  
Longping Yuan ◽  
Huangfeng Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals Plasmid-based and -free methods using CRISPR/Cas9 system for replacement of targeted genes in Colletotrichum sansevieriae

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Nakamura ◽  
Yuta Okamura ◽  
Hisashi Iwai
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Gene Replacement ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Melanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Guide Rna ◽  
Homology Directed Repair ◽  
U6 Snrna ◽  
Cas9 Protein ◽  
Scytalone Dehydratase

AbstractThe CRISPR-Cas9 system has a potential for wide application in organisms that particularly present low homologous integration rates. In this study, we developed three different methods using this system to replace a gene through homology-directed repair in the plant pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum sansevieriae, which has a low recombination frequency. The gene encoding scytalone dehydratase was used as the target so that mutants can be readily distinguished owning to a lack of melanin biosynthesis. First, we performed a plasmid-based method using plasmids containing a Cas9 expression cassette and/or a single-guide RNA (sgRNA) under the control of the endogenous U6 snRNA promoter, and 67 out of 69 (97.1%) transformants exhibited a melanin-deficient phenotype with high efficiency. Second, we performed a transformation using a Cas9 protein/sgRNA complex and obtained 23 out of 28 (82.1%) transformants. Lastly, we developed a hybrid system combining a Cas9 protein and donor DNA-sgRNA expression plasmid, which yielded 75 out of 84 (89.2%) transformants. This system was also applicable to four other genes at different loci of the fungus. This is the first study to establish a CRISPR/Cas9 gene replacement system in Colletotrichum spp. and it presents a potential application for a broad range of use in other species of the genus.

scholarly journals Genome analysis of rice-blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae field isolates from southern India

Genomics Data ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 284-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malali Gowda ◽  
Meghana D. Shirke ◽  
H.B. Mahesh ◽  
Pinal Chandarana ◽  
Anantharamanan Rajamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Rice Blast Fungus ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
Blast Fungus

Diversification and evolution of the avirulence gene AVR-Pita1 in field isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 973-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuntao Dai ◽  
Yulin Jia ◽  
James Correll ◽  
Xueyan Wang ◽  
Yanli Wang
Keyword(s):  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Avirulence Gene ◽  
Field Isolates

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Genomes of Three Field Isolates of the Rice Blast Fungus <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> from Southern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (07) ◽  
pp. 713-725
Author(s):  
Kailing Chen ◽  
Jinqi Feng ◽  
Shen Chen ◽  
Jing Su ◽  
Jianyuan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Rice Blast Fungus ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
Blast Fungus

scholarly journals Inhibition of Scytalone Dehydratase in Melanin Biosynthesis by Carpropamid, a Novel Rice Blast Controlling Agent

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki MOTOYAMA ◽  
Kinya IMANISHI ◽  
Taro KINBARA ◽  
Yoshio KURAHASHI ◽  
Isamu YAMAGUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Rice Blast ◽  
Melanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Scytalone Dehydratase

scholarly journals Genome comparison of two Magnaporthe oryzae field isolates reveals genome variations and potential virulence effectors

BMC Genomics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenxi Chen ◽  
Bi Lian ◽  
Jinnan Hu ◽  
Huanchen Zhai ◽  
Xingxing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Genome Comparison ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
Genome Variations ◽  
Virulence Effectors
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