Polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin resistance: Thrifty genes struggling with over-feeding and sedentary life style?

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 589-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Holte
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Thrifty Genes ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Sedentary Life Style

Oxidative stress markers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome without insulin resistance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reveka Gyftaki ◽  
Sofia Gougoura ◽  
Nikolaos Kalogeris ◽  
Vasiliki Loi ◽  
George Koukoulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Stress Markers

Efficiency of ceylon cinnamon on insulin resistance parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeineb Jenouiz ◽  
Hajer Kandara ◽  
Nedra Bendag ◽  
Radhouan Gharbi ◽  
Manel Jemel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Ceylon Cinnamon

Metformin treatment with or without life style changes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (16) ◽  
pp. 628-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyula Petrányi ◽  
Mária Zaoura-Petrányi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Period ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Life Style Changes

Treatment with metformin three times 500 mg daily had been advised since 2002, to patients suffering from the polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosed by the Rotterdam criteria and who did not want to take contraceptive pills. More recently, life style changes have also been introduced to treatment recommendation: increased physical activity, low glycaemic index diet; also with calorie restriction for the obese patients. Aim: To assess the efficacy of the two treatment forms on clinical symptoms of the disease. Method: The metformin only historical control group (metformin monotherapy) consisted of 27 patients between the ages from 18 to 39 years (mean 29 years); to which was the age-matched metformin and life style changes group (triple basal therapy) of 29 patients compared. The following parameters were registered at the beginning and the end of a six-month treatment period: global acne score, Ferriman-Gallwey hirsutism score, body mass index, waist-to-hip circumference ratio, and menstrual cycles. Results: By the end of the treatment period, both acne and hirsutism scores improved significantly in both treatment groups (P<0.001); the improvements did not differ between them: acne 8.6±5.7 vs. 9.2±5.9 (P = 0.70); hirsutism 2.5±2.0 vs. 2.6±1.6 (P = 0.83). Body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio remained practically unchanged in the metformin only group: 0.26±1.0 kg/m2 (P = 0.21) and 0.001±0.02 (P = 0.71). Body mass index decreased in the triple therapy group by 0.91±1.1 kg/m2 (P<0.001); and waist-to-hip ratio by 0.019±0.03 (P<0.001). The decrease of the body mass index was more remarkable in overweight patients: 1.10±1.26 kg/m2 (P = 0.002) vs. 0.64±0.88 kg/m2 (P = 0.03) in lean patients. Recommendation on life style changes with metformin did not show further improvement of hyperandrogenic symptoms in comparison to metformin alone but the combined therapy diminished body size indexes. Conclusion: Authors recommend the triple basal treatment consisting of metformin, physical exercise and low glycaemic index diet to their patients with polycystic ovary syndrome for assessment of its long-term efficacy. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 628–632.

Insulin Therapy in Pregnancy Hypertensive Diseases and its Effect on the Offspring and Mother Later in Life

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Mate ◽  
Antonio J. Blanca ◽  
Rocío Salsoso ◽  
Fernando Toledo ◽  
Pablo Stiefel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Pregnancy hypertensive disorders such as Preeclampsia (PE) are strongly correlated with insulin resistance, a condition in which the metabolic handling of D-glucose is deficient. In addition, the impact of preeclampsia is enhanced by other insulin-resistant disorders, including polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity. For this reason, there is a clear association between maternal insulin resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome, obesity and the development of PE. However, whether PE is a consequence or the cause of these disorders is still unclear. Insulin therapy is usually recommended to pregnant women with diabetes mellitus when dietary and lifestyle measures have failed. The advantage of insulin therapy for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) patients with hypertension is still controversial; surprisingly, there are no studies in which insulin therapy has been used in patients with hypertension in pregnancy without or with an established GDM. This review is focused on the use of insulin therapy in hypertensive disorders in the pregnancy and its effect on offspring and mother later in life. PubMed and relevant medical databases have been screened for literature covering research in the field especially in the last 5-10 years.

Polycystic ovary syndrome and probiotics: a natural approach to an inflammatory disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Schiattarella ◽  
Gaetano Riemma ◽  
Marco La Verde ◽  
Gianluigi Franci ◽  
Annalisa Chianese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Natural Approach ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Gut Microbial Community ◽  
New Evidence

: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that affects about 15% of women of reproductive age and is correlated with infertility, insulin resistance, and obesity. The etiology of PCOS is multifactorial and genetic, endocrine, and metabolic causes were involved. New evidence suggests a link between microorganisms residing in the digestive tracts of humans and the development of PCOS. Moreover, an imbalance in the gut microbial community could be a possible factor for the onset of insulin resistance and obesity. Hyperandrogenism, a key feature of PCOS, could also play a critical role in shaping the microbiome community. Probiotics could modify the gut microbiota and serve as a potential treatment for PCOS. Here we disclose the association between PCOS and intestinal microbiota and the possible role of probiotics as a new treatment approach.

Central-to-peripheral fat ratio, but not peripheral body fat, is related to insulin resistance and androgen markers in polycystic ovary syndrome

2009 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelio Godoy-Matos ◽  
Fernanda Vaisman ◽  
Aline Pedrosa ◽  
Maria Farias ◽  
Laura Maria Mendonca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Unraveling the Conundrum in Skeletal Muscle?

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 5372-5381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel K Stepto ◽  
Alba Moreno-Asso ◽  
Luke C McIlvenna ◽  
Kirsty A Walters ◽  
Raymond J Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

Abstract Context Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition affecting 8% to 13% of women across the lifespan. PCOS affects reproductive, metabolic, and mental health, generating a considerable health burden. Advances in treatment of women with PCOS has been hampered by evolving diagnostic criteria and poor recognition by clinicians. This has resulted in limited clinical and basic research. In this study, we provide insights into the current and future research on the metabolic features of PCOS, specifically as they relate to PCOS-specific insulin resistance (IR), that may affect the most metabolically active tissue, skeletal muscle. Current Knowledge PCOS is a highly heritable condition, yet it is phenotypically heterogeneous in both reproductive and metabolic features. Human studies thus far have not identified molecular mechanisms of PCOS-specific IR in skeletal muscle. However, recent research has provided new insights that implicate energy-sensing pathways regulated via epigenomic and resultant transcriptomic changes. Animal models, while in existence, have been underused in exploring molecular mechanisms of IR in PCOS and specifically in skeletal muscle. Future Directions Based on the latest evidence synthesis and technologies, researchers exploring molecular mechanisms of IR in PCOS, specifically in muscle, will likely need to generate new hypothesis to be tested in human and animal studies. Conclusion Investigations to elucidate the molecular mechanisms driving IR in PCOS are in their early stages, yet remarkable advances have been made in skeletal muscle. Overall, investigations have thus far created more questions than answers, which provide new opportunities to study complex endocrine conditions.

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