Human pituitary tumours express the bHLH transcription factors NeuroD1 and ASH1

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 957-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ferretti ◽  
D. Di Stefano ◽  
F. Zazzeroni ◽  
R. Gallo ◽  
A. Fratticci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Pituitary Tumours ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Bhlh Transcription Factors

scholarly journals Differential expression of neurogenins and NeuroD1 in human pituitary tumours

2007 ◽  
Vol 194 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Fratticci ◽  
F A Grieco ◽  
C Spilioti ◽  
F Giangaspero ◽  
L Ventura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Significance ◽  
Molecular Pathways ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pituitary Tumours ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Cell Growth And Differentiation ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Bhlh Factors ◽  
Bhlh Transcription Factors

Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors are involved in neuroendocrine cell growth and differentiation. Though NeuroD1 is viewed as corticotroph specific, its overexpression in non-corticotroph pituitary adenomas (PAs) may reflect the activation of molecular pathways involving other bHLH factors, like neurogenins. To search for neurogenin–NeuroD1 molecular pathways in the human normal and tumoural pituitary. Fifty-one PAs – 22 clinically non-secreting (CNS) and 29 secreting respectively – and normal human pituitaries (NP) were studied for NeuroD1 and neurogenins (Ngn1, Ngn2 and Ngn3) gene expression by RT-PCR and quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Immunohisto-chemistry for Ngn2/3 was performed in some cases. NeuroD1, Ngn2, Ngn3 and Ngn1 were observed in up to 84.3, 76.5, 30.4 and 9.1% of PA respectively, only NeuroD1 and Ngn2 being frequently overexpressed when compared with NP. Whereas NeuroD1 expression was higher in corticotroph and CNS adenomas (P=0.0001 versus Pit-1-dependent PA), Ngn2 expression was higher in secreting PA, especially in Pit-1-dependent PA (P=0.007 and P=0.0006 versus CNS respectively). Pit-1-dependent PAwhich received pre-operative pharmacological treatment expressed higher Ngn2 levels than untreated cases (P=0.025). Nuclear Ngn2 was observed in NP and in most PA, especially ACTH- and GH-secreting adenomas. Nuclear Ngn3 was observed in a minority of secreting PA. Ngn2 is normally expressed in the anterior pituitary and frequently expressed in PA, but does not account for NeuroD1 overexpression where present. Owing to their low and inconstant expression, the biological significance of Ngn1/3 in the adult pituitary is uncertain.

scholarly journals 1P123 DMA binding analyses of bHLH transcription factors by FRET measurements(Nucleic acid-binding proteins,Poster Presentations)

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (supplement) ◽  
pp. S54
Author(s):  
Koji HASEGAWA ◽  
Tatsushi GOTO ◽  
Daisuke KITANO ◽  
Mari KOTOURA ◽  
Fumio TOKUNAGA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Nucleic Acid Binding ◽  
Nucleic Acid Binding Proteins ◽  
Poster Presentations ◽  
Bhlh Transcription Factors

TISSUE CULTURE STUDIES ON HUMAN PITUITARY TUMOURS: RADIOIMMUNOASSAYABLE ANTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES IN THE CULTURE MEDIUM

1978 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loren G. Lipson ◽  
Inese Z. Beitins ◽  
Paul D. Kornblith ◽  
Janet W. Mc Arthur ◽  
Henry G. Friesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Hormone Release ◽  
Pituitary Tumours ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Hormones

ABSTRACT A tissue culture study was undertaken to determine if human non-functioning pituitary tumours secrete polypeptide anterior pituitary hormones in vitro and to study the spectrum of hormone release by functioning pituitary neoplasms. Fragments from 48 human pituitary tumours (from patients - 2 with Cushing's disease, 1 with Nelson's syndrome, 5 with amenorrhoea-galactorrhoea, 10 with acromegaly and 30 with non-functioning pituitary tumours) and three normal human anterior pituitary glands (controls) were placed in tissue culture immediately after surgery. The in vitro release of human growth hormone (HGH), prolactin (Prl), thyrotrophin (TSH), adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were measured by radioimmunoassays at the end of one week in culture. Clinical and pathological data were compared to hormone release patterns. In the culture media from control pituitaries the concentrations of the six hormones tested were 100 to 10 000 times greater than in peripheral blood. The medium surrounding the fragments from functioning pituitary tumours contained the following: a) Acromegaly - high levels of HGH and variable concentrations of the other hormones. b) Cushing's disease - ACTH and Prl predominantly. c) Amenorrhcea-galactorrhoea syndrome - prolactin in 4 out of 5 patients, all six polypeptides in one patient. In the media from the 30 patients diagnosed as having non-functioning pituitary tumours, 60 % of the samples contained at least one hormone at a concentration similar to that of the controls and 100 % of the samples contained detectable quantities of at least one hormone.

scholarly journals The bHLH Transcription Factors MYC2, MYC3, and MYC4 Are Required for Jasmonate-Mediated Inhibition of Flowering in Arabidopsis

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1461-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houping Wang ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Jinjing Pan ◽  
Dengji Lou ◽  
Yanru Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Bhlh Transcription Factors

scholarly journals Multiple neural bHLHs ensure the precision of a neuronal specification event in C. elegans

Biology Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantina Filippopoulou ◽  
Carole Couillault ◽  
Vincent Bertrand
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Terminal Differentiation ◽  
Cholinergic Neurons ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Specific Class ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Neuronal Specification ◽  
Bhlh Transcription Factors ◽  
Deleterious Genes

Neural bHLH transcription factors play a key role in the early steps of neuronal specification in many animals. We have previously observed that the Achaete-Scute HLH-3, the Olig HLH-16 and their binding partner the E protein HLH-2 activate the terminal differentiation program of a specific class of cholinergic neurons, AIY, in C. elegans. Here we identify a role for a fourth bHLH, the Neurogenin NGN-1, in this process, raising the question of why so many neural bHLHs are required for a single neuronal specification event. Using quantitative imaging we show that the combined action of different bHLHs is needed to activate the correct level of expression of the terminal selector transcription factors TTX-3 and CEH-10 that subsequently initiate and maintain the expression of a large battery of terminal differentiation genes. Surprisingly, the different bHLHs have an antagonistic effect on another target, the proapoptotic BH3-only factor EGL-1, normally not expressed in AIY and otherwise detrimental for its specification. We propose that the use of multiple neural bHLHs allows robust neuronal specification while, at the same time, preventing spurious activation of deleterious genes.

scholarly journals Atoh8 in Development and Disease

Biology ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Satya Srirama Karthik Divvela ◽  
Darius Saberi ◽  
Beate Brand-Saberi
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Subcellular Location ◽  
Transcriptional Regulators ◽  
Special Group ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Disease Initiation ◽  
Bhlh Transcription Factors ◽  
Bhlh Proteins

Atoh8 belongs to a large superfamily of transcriptional regulators called basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins. bHLH proteins have been identified in a wide range of organisms from yeast to humans. The members of this special group of transcription factors were found to be involved not only in embryonic development but also in disease initiation and its progression. Given their importance in several fundamental processes, the translation, subcellular location and turnover of bHLH proteins is tightly regulated. Alterations in the expression of bHLH proteins have been associated with multiple diseases also in context with Atoh8 which seems to unfold its functions as both transcriptional activator and repressor. Like many other bHLH transcription factors, so far, Atoh8 has also been observed to be involved in both embryonic development and carcinogenesis where it mainly acts as tumor suppressor. This review summarizes our current understanding of Atoh8 structure, function and regulation and its complex and partially controversial involvement in development and disease.

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