Short-, moderate-, and long-term treadmill training protocols reduce plasma, fundus, but not small intestine ghrelin concentrations in male rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 439-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ghanbari-Niaki ◽  
A. Jafari ◽  
M. Moradi ◽  
R. R. Kraemer
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Treadmill Training ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Training Protocols

scholarly journals Dietary ascorbic acid lowers the concentration of soluble copper in the small intestinal lumen of rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 701-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Van Den Berg ◽  
S. YU ◽  
A. G. Lemmens ◽  
A. C. Beynen
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Distal Intestine ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Supplementation

We tested the hypothesis that ascorbic acid in the diet of rats lowers the concentration of soluble Cu in the small intestine, causing a decrease in apparent Cu absorption. Male rats were fed on diets adequate in Cu (5 mg Cu/kg) without or with 10 g ascorbic acid/kg. The diet with ascorbic acid was fed for either 6 or 42 d. Ascorbic acid depressed tissue Cu concentrations after a feeding period of 42, but not after 6 d. Dietary ascorbic acid lowered apparent Cu absorption after 6, but not after 42 d. The lowering of tissue Cu concentrations after long-term ascorbic acid feeding may have increased the efficiency of Cu absorption, and thus counteracted the inhibitory effect of ascorbic acid. Dietary ascorbic acid caused a significant decrease in the Cu concentrations in the liquid phase of both the proximal and distal parts of the small intestinal lumen. This effect was due to both a decrease in the amount of Cu in the liquid digesta and an increase in the volume of the liquid phase; only the latter effect for the distal intestine was statistically significant. We conclude that ascorbic acid supplementation lowers Cu absorption by decreasing the concentration of soluble Cu in the small intestine.

scholarly journals Lead and iron absorption from rat small intestine: the effect of dietary Fe deficiency

1978 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. K. Robertson ◽  
M. Worwood
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Liver Ferritin ◽  
The Relationship

1. When lead is administered in drinking-water iron-deficient rats retain more Pb than Fe-replete rats (Six & Goyer, 1972; Klauder & Petering, 1975). In the present study the relationship between the absorption of Pb and Fe was investigated.2. Adult male rats were transferred to a milk-based diet fed with or without supplementary Fe (180 mg Fe/kg as ferrous sulphate). After 7–9 d the absorption of duodenally-administered203Pb and59Fe was measured as uptake of radioactivity from the gastrointestinal tract after 90 min.59Fe absorption was increased in rats given the unsupplemented diet for 7 d and was further increased in rats kept on the diet for up to 7 weeks.203Pb absorption was not consistently increased by either short- or long-term Fe deprivation.3. Much of the203Pb in homogenates of the upper small intestine was bound to soluble protein of which up to 85% was dialysable. In contrast little59Fe was dialysable. Only a small proportion of the soluble musosal Pb was associated with ferritin during gel-filtration chromatography although203Pb precipitated together with carrier rat-liver ferritin with an antibody to rat-liver ferritin.4. There appeared to be no direct relationship between the transfer of Fe and Pb across the small intestine of the adult rat.

scholarly journals A long-term survivor of clear cell sarcoma-like tumor of the gastrointestinal tract with liver metastasis: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuhisa Okada ◽  
Yasumitsu Hirano ◽  
Shintaro Ishikawa ◽  
Hiroka Kondo ◽  
Toshimasa Ishii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Liver Metastasis ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Clear Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Cell Sarcoma

Abstract Background Clear cell sarcoma-like tumor of the gastrointestinal tract (CCSLTGT) is extremely rare. It is a mesenchymal neoplasm that usually forms in the small intestine of adolescents and young adults, is prone to local recurrence and metastasis, and has a high mortality rate. We report a patient with CCSLTGT with lymph node- and liver metastases, who continues to survive 6 years after initial surgical resection. Case presentation A 38-year-old woman presented with lightheadedness. Laboratory analysis revealed anemia (hemoglobin, 6.7 g/dL), and enhanced computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a mass in the small intestine, about 6 cm in diameter, with swelling of 2 regional lymph nodes. Double-balloon small intestine endoscopic examination revealed a tumor accompanied by an ulcer; the biopsy findings suggested a primary cancer of the small intestine. She was admitted, and we then performed a laparotomy for partial resection of the small intestine with lymph node dissection. Pathologic examination revealed CCSLTGT with regional lymph node metastases. About 3 years later, follow-up CT revealed a single liver metastasis. Consequently, she underwent a laparoscopic partial liver resection. Histopathologic examination confirmed that the liver metastasis was consistent with CCSLTGT. It has now been 3 years without a recurrence. Conclusion Repeated radical surgical resection with close follow-up may be the only way to achieve long-term survival in patients with CCLSTGT.

scholarly journals Testosterone activates glucose metabolism through AMPK and androgen signaling in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayarling Francisca Troncoso ◽  
Mario Pavez ◽  
Carlos Wilson ◽  
Daniel Lagos ◽  
Javier Duran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Elevated Glucose ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Cultured Cardiomyocytes

Abstract Background Testosterone regulates nutrient and energy balance to maintain protein synthesis and metabolism in cardiomyocytes, but supraphysiological concentrations induce cardiac hypertrophy. Previously, we determined that testosterone increased glucose uptake—via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)—after acute treatment in cardiomyocytes. However, whether elevated glucose uptake is involved in long-term changes of glucose metabolism or is required during cardiomyocyte growth remained unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that glucose uptake and glycolysis increase in testosterone-treated cardiomyocytes through AMPK and androgen receptor (AR). Methods Cultured cardiomyocytes were stimulated with 100 nM testosterone for 24 h, and hypertrophy was verified by increased cell size and mRNA levels of β-myosin heavy chain (β-mhc). Glucose uptake was assessed by 2-NBDG. Glycolysis and glycolytic capacity were determined by measuring extracellular acidification rate (ECAR). Results Testosterone induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy that was accompanied by increased glucose uptake, glycolysis enhancement and upregulated mRNA expression of hexokinase 2. In addition, testosterone increased AMPK phosphorylation (Thr172), while inhibition of both AMPK and AR blocked glycolysis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by testosterone. Moreover, testosterone supplementation in adult male rats by 5 weeks induced cardiac hypertrophy and upregulated β-mhc, Hk2 and Pfk2 mRNA levels. Conclusion These results indicate that testosterone stimulates glucose metabolism by activation of AMPK and AR signaling which are critical to induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.

The timing of maternal separation affects morris water maze performance and long-term potentiation in male rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 1102-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiujing Cao ◽  
Shenghai Huang ◽  
Jiejie Cao ◽  
Tingting Chen ◽  
Ping Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Maternal Separation ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Maze Performance ◽  
Term Potentiation

Long-term treadmill training ameliorates endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation mediated by insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 in hypertension

2015 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Yuan Lin ◽  
Shin-Da Lee ◽  
Chia-Ting Su ◽  
Tsung-Lin Cheng ◽  
Ai-Lun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Treadmill Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nos Inhibitors

Dysfunction of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is associated with the pathophysiology of hypertension. The influence of long-term exercise on vascular dysfunction caused by hypertension remains unclear. We investigated whether long-term treadmill training improved insulin- and IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation in hypertensive rats. Eight-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomly divided into sedentary and exercise (SHR-EX) groups. The SHR-EX group was trained on a treadmill for 60 min/day, 5 days/wk, for 8 wk. Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were used as the normal control group. After training, aortic insulin- and IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation was evaluated in organ baths. Additionally, the roles of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and aortic protein expression were examined in the three groups. Compared with sedentary SHR and WKY groups, insulin- and IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation was significantly enhanced to a nearly normal level in the SHR-EX group. After endothelial denudation, blunted and comparable vasorelaxation was found among the three groups. Pretreatment with selective PI3K and NOS inhibitors attenuated insulin- and IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation, and no significant difference was found among the three groups after the pretreatment. The aortic protein levels of the insulin receptor (IR), IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), and endothelial NOS (eNOS) were also significantly increased in the SHR-EX group compared with the other two groups. These results suggested that treadmill training elicited the amelioration of endothelium-dependent insulin/IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation partly via the increased activation of PI3K and NOS, as well as the enhancement of protein levels of IR, IGF-1R, IRS-1, and eNOS, in hypertension.

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