Effect of a synthetic pineal tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) on melatonin secretion by the pineal gland of young and old rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Djeridane ◽  
V. Kh. Khavinson ◽  
V. N. Anisimov ◽  
Yvan Touitou
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Melatonin Secretion ◽  
Old Rats

Pineal Apoplexy: A Case Series and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Majovsky ◽  
David Netuka ◽  
Radim Lipina ◽  
Jan Mraček ◽  
Vladimír Beneš
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Pineal Tumor ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Melatonin Secretion ◽  
Pubmed Database

Abstract Background Pineal apoplexy is a rare condition, with unknown incidence and clinical significance. To elucidate this clinical condition, we analyzed our own case series and performed a review of the literature. Methods We enrolled all patients with a hemorrhagic pineal apoplexy who were referred to our department between January 2000 and January 2020. Hemorrhagic pineal apoplexy was defined as the presence of fluid–fluid levels inside the pineal cyst (PC) on an axial or sagittal magnetic resonance scan. In one patient, after PC apoplexy, we performed a circadian melatonin sampling from peripheral blood to determine the function of the pineal gland. The PubMed database was searched for publications using the terms “pineal” and “apoplexy.” Results Eight patients were enrolled, of which three patients underwent surgical treatment and five patients were managed conservatively. One patient was tested for circadian melatonin secretion. Results confirmed melatonin secretion with preserved physiologic circadian rhythm.Our search of the literature led us to 31 studies that comprised 30 patients with apoplectic PC, 9 with apoplectic pineal tumor, and 1 with bleeding into the normal pineal gland. Most patients presented with headache, nausea, and vomiting, less frequently with acute hydrocephalus and gaze palsy. Twenty patients with a PC underwent resection or aspiration. Two patients underwent shunt placement as the only procedure and five received both shunt and surgical removal. Six patients with a PC were observed without surgical treatment. All the nine patients with a pineal tumor were operated on. In indicated cases, four patients received radiation therapy and one received chemotherapy. Conclusion Clinical significance of hemorrhagic pineal apoplexy ranges from an asymptomatic course to rapid deterioration and death. In patients with mild symptoms, observation is indicated, whereas surgical treatment is reserved for severe cases presenting with obstructive hydrocephalus and includes cerebrospinal fluid diversion, resection of apoplectic pineal lesions, or both.

Development of rhythmic melatonin secretion from the pineal gland of embryonic mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus)

2003 ◽  
Vol 296A (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra Roberts ◽  
Darren K. Okimoto ◽  
Cara Parsons ◽  
Martin Straume ◽  
Milton H. Stetson
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Fundulus Heteroclitus ◽  
Melatonin Secretion

Melatonine en stemmingsstoornissen

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
J. Beullens
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Seasonal Affective Disorder ◽  
Bright Light ◽  
Light Therapy ◽  
Melatonin Level ◽  
Melatonin Secretion ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryMelatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland mainly during the night. The discovery that this melatonin secretion decreases under the influence of bright light, gave rise to the use of light therapy in some affective disorders. The literature on the relationship between melatonin secretion and mood is reviewed concerning seasonal affective disorder, non-seasonal affective disorder and premenstrual syndrome. Light therapy could reduce an abnormal high melatonin secretion back to normal proportions. None of the affective disorders, however, is accompanied by an unusual high melatonin level. Nevertheless, light therapy as well as other therapies that suppress melatonin have a therapeutic effect. This is not the case with the administration of melatonin. Mood is not affected by extra melatonin in seasonal affective disorder but it is in both other affective disorders. Melatonin plays a part in the pathogenesis of the affective disorders but it is not yet clear which one.

Gonadal function in male offspring of pinealectomized female rats

1987 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Jarrige ◽  
O. Tlemcani ◽  
D. Boucher
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Short Photoperiod ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Gonadal Function ◽  
Old Rats

Abstract. Female rats were exposed to a short (6 L: 18 D) photoperiod from 21 days of age. On day 2 of gestation, animals were pinealectomized or sham-operated. Lighting regimens were not changed during the course of the study. Male offspring of the 2 groups of rats were sacrificed on days 30, 42 and 49 after birth. Pinealectomy of the mother induced the following modifications: in 30-day-old offsprings, a decrease in prostatic weight and plasma dihydrotestosterone level; in 42-day-old rats, a decrease in prostatic weight, in testicular androstenedione and dihydrotestosterone content, and in plasma testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels; in 49-day-old animals, decreased testicular and plasma testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels. These results indicate that rat testicular function, after exposure to a short photoperiod beginning before conception, is decreased by maternal pinealectomy. The mother's pineal gland may play a part in the control of rat testicular function.

Light deprivation increases plasma levels of melatonin during the first 72 h of life in human infants

1993 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Jaldo-Alba ◽  
A Muñóz-Hoyos ◽  
A Molina-Carballo ◽  
JA Molina-Font ◽  
D Acuña-Castroviejo
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Light Deprivation ◽  
Suprachiasmatic Nuclei ◽  
Melatonin Secretion ◽  
Human Infants ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Plasma Bilirubin

The development of rhythmic melatonin secretion in full-term neonates seems to occur at about 12 weeks of age, but activity of the pineal gland from 1 to 12 weeks of age is not well documented. To determine whether the pineal gland actively secretes melatonin and reacts to photoperiodic information during this period, we analyzed 45 full-term infants exposed to continuous artificial light during 24, 48 and 72 h after birth for treatment of hyperbilirubinemia. During this light treatment, the eyes of the neonates were completely covered to avoid damage, thus the infants were under continuous light deprivation. Phototherapy significantly decreased plasma bilirubin during treatment. With regard to pineal gland activity, the shortest period of light deprivation tested, 24 h, significantly increased plasma melatonin levels from 152.66±11.57 to 244.86±19.49 ng/l (mean±sem; p<0.001). The other periods tested, 48 and 72 h of light deprivation, led to similar percentages of melatonin stimulation. These results suggest that the pineal gland of neonates, before displaying rhythmic metabolic activity, is sensitive to changes in environmental illumination, indicating maturity of some features of suprachiasmatic nuclei function.

Melatonin secretion from goldfish pineal gland in organ culture

1989 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Kezuka ◽  
Katsumi Aida ◽  
Isao Hanyu
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Melatonin Secretion

CircRNA-WNK2 acts as a ceRNA for miR-328a-3p to promote AANAT expression in the male rat pineal gland

Endocrinology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zheng ◽  
Hao-Qi Wang ◽  
Hai-Xiang Guo ◽  
Heng-Li Xie ◽  
Wei-Di Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Melatonin Secretion ◽  
Rat Pineal Gland

Abstract Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including miRNAs and circRNAs, which are expressed with a daily rhythm in the rat pineal gland, are associated with the regulation of melatonin secretion and other biological functions. However, the mechanisms of these molecules in the rat pineal gland are not yet fully understood. In this study, we found circR-WNK2 was highly expressed at night, which may be involved in the regulation of melatonin secretion through the ceRNA mechanism. By dual luciferase reporter, RNA pulldown, and FISH assays, we found that miR-328a-3p can target circR-WNK2 and the Aa-nat mRNA 3’UTR. Transfection experiments indicated that circR-WNK2 could competitively bind to miR-328a-3p, reduce miR-328a-3p expression, and promote Aa-nat gene expression and melatonin secretion. And by constructing an SCGx rat model, we found that ncRNAs expressed in the pineal gland was regulated by signals from the SCN. This finding supports the hypothesis that these noncoding RNAs may interact to shape the circadian rhythm through transcriptional processing in melatonin synthesis.

Serotonin modulates melatonin synthesis as an autocrine neurotransmitter in the pineal gland

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (43) ◽  
pp. e2113852118
Author(s):  
Bo Hyun Lee ◽  
Bertil Hille ◽  
Duk-Su Koh
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Feedback Signal ◽  
Nerve Terminals ◽  
Melatonin Secretion ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Constitutive Secretion

The pineal gland secretes melatonin principally at night. Regulated by norepinephrine released from sympathetic nerve terminals, adrenergic receptors on pinealocytes activate aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase that converts 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) to N-acetylserotonin, the precursor of melatonin. Previous studies from our group and others reveal significant constitutive secretion of 5-HT from pinealocytes. Here, using mass spectrometry, we demonstrated that the 5-HT is secreted primarily via a decynium-22–sensitive equilibrative plasma membrane monoamine transporter instead of by typical exocytotic quantal secretion. Activation of the endogenous 5-HT receptors on pinealocytes evoked an intracellular Ca2+ rise that was blocked by RS-102221, an antagonist of 5-HT2C receptors. Applied 5-HT did not evoke melatonin secretion by itself, but it did potentiate melatonin secretion evoked by submaximal norepinephrine. In addition, RS-102221 reduced the norepinephrine-induced melatonin secretion in strips of pineal gland, even when no exogenous 5-HT was added, suggesting that the 5-HT that is constitutively released from pinealocytes accumulates enough in the tissue to act as an autocrine feedback signal sensitizing melatonin release.

Adrenergic and Peptidergic Control of the Regulation of cAMP Efflux and Melatonin Secretion from Perifused Rat Pineal Gland

Endocrine ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltan Rekasi ◽  
Norbert Sule ◽  
Valer Csernus ◽  
Bela Mess
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Melatonin Secretion ◽  
Rat Pineal Gland
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