Pinacidil: oral administration has a more favourable pharmacokinetic profile

InPharma ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 494 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-6
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Favourable Pharmacokinetic Profile

A Comparative Pharmacokinetic Profile of Trahydropalmatine After Oral Administration of its Monomer, Rhizoma Corydalis Alkaloid Extracts and Tong-Bi-Si-Wei-Fang to Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-345
Author(s):  
Lijun Ni ◽  
Lu Ding ◽  
Liguo Zhang ◽  
Shaorong Luan
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Apparent Volume ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Uralensis ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Property ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Concentration Time

Background: Tong-Bi-Si-Wei-Fang (TBSWF) is a candidate formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for treating rheumatoid bone diseases, which is composed of rhizoma corydalis alkaloids, saponins of glycyrrhiza uralensis and panax notoginseng, flavonoids of rhizoma drynariae and glycyrrhiza uralensis. </P><P> Objective: Trahydropalmatine (THP), the main active ingredient of rhizoma corydalis alkaloids, was selected to study in vivo pharmacokinetics and druggability of TBSWF. Methods: The plasma concentration-time (C-T) profiles of THP and the pharmacokinetic property parameters after oral administration of THP monomer, extract of corydalis alkaloids (ECA) and TBSWF to rats, respectively were compared by a fully-validated HPLC method. Results: Compared to the THP monomer, the THP in TBSWF is absorbed faster, resides in the plasma longer and has a similar apparent volume of distribution Vz/F (10~20 L/kg). Compared to THP monomer and THP in TBSWF, the area under the concentration-time curve AUC 0-t of THP in ECA decreases two-third; Vz/F of THP in ECA (85.02 L/kg) is significantly higher than that of THP in TBSWF(p <0.05). Unlike THP monomer and THP in ECA, double peaks are observed in the C-T profile of THP after oral administration of TBSWF. THP in TBSWF exhibits slow release to a certain degree. Conclusion: The interactions among the ingredients of TBSWF promote the adsorption and prolong the residence time of THP in vivo, and provide an explanation for the advantages of TBSWF from the point of pharmacokinetics.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetic Profile of μSMIN Plus™, a new Micronized Diosmin Formulation, after Oral Administration in Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Russo ◽  
Angelo Mancinelli ◽  
Michele Ciccone ◽  
Fabio Terruzzi ◽  
Claudio Pisano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Compartmental Analysis ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Maximum Plasma Drug Concentration

Diosmin is a naturally occurring flavonoid present in citrus fruits and other plants belonging to the Rutaceae family. It is used for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) for its pheblotonic and vaso-active properties, safety and tolerability as well. The aim of the current in vivo study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic profile of a branded micronized diosmin (μSMIN Plus™) compared with plain micronized diosmin in male Sprague-Dawley rats. After oral administration by gastric gavage, blood samples were collected via jugular vein catheters at regular time intervals from baseline up to 24 hours. Plasma concentrations were assessed by LC/MS. For each animal, the following pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a non-compartmental analysis: maximum plasma drug concentration (Cmax), time to reach Cmax (Tmax), area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-last), elimination half-life (t1/2), and relative oral bioavailability (%F). The results of the current study clearly showed an improvement in the pharmacokinetic parameters in animals treated with μSMIN Plus™ compared with animals treated with micronized diosmin. In particular, μSMIN Plus™ showed a 4-fold increased bioavailability compared with micronized diosmin. In conclusion, the results from the current study provided a preliminary pharmacokinetic profile for μSMIN Plus™, which may represent a new tool for CVI management.

scholarly journals Effect of three anticoccidials on pharmacokinetics of tilmicosin in broiler chickens

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Mohamed El-Hewaity
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Maximum Serum ◽  
Elimination Half ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis Atcc ◽  
Maximum Serum Concentration ◽  
Compartment Open Model

The disposition kinetic of tilmicosin (25mg/kg) was studied following oral administration alone, pretreated with amprolium (240 ppm), pretreated with diclazuril (2.5 ppm) and pretreated with toltrazuril (25 ppm) in broiler chickens. The serum tilmicosin concentrations were determined by microbiological assay technique using Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633) as the test organism. Following oral administration of tilmicosin, the disposition curve was best described by two-compartment open model. The maximum serum concentration (Cmax) was 1.90 ± 0.11, 1.27 ± 0.13, 1.50 ± 0.14 and 1.41 ± 0.11µg/ml for tilmicosin alone and in the presence of amprolium, diclazuril and toltrazuril, respectively. The elimination half-life (T0.5 (el)) was significantly decreased (5.28 ± 0.30, 5.88 ± 0.33, 6.03 ± 0.25 h, respectively) in amprolium, diclazuril and toltrazuril pretreated broiler chicken compared to tilmicosin alone (7.30 ± 0.41 h). The outcomes illustrated a significant decrease in the interval between doses in amprolium, diclazuril and toltrazuril pretreated broiler chicken compared to tilmicosin alone. Amprolium diclazuril and toltrazuril, resulted in a significance decrease in AUC (12.02 ± 1.14, 15.50 ± 1.26 and 14.56 ± 1.46 µg.h.ml-1, respectively) compared to tilmicosin alone (21.98±1.83 µg.h.ml-1). It is concluded that the administration of amprolium, diclazuril and toltrazuril before tilmicosin would altered its pharmacokinetic profile in broiler chicken.

Metabolism and pharmacokinetic profile of vinylidene chloride in rats following oral administration

1978 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 821-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. McKenna ◽  
J.A. Zempel ◽  
E.O. Madrid ◽  
W.H. Braun ◽  
P.J. Gehring
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Vinylidene Chloride

scholarly journals Development of an Innovative Berberine Food-Grade Formulation with an Ameliorated Absorption: In Vitro Evidence Confirmed by Healthy Human Volunteers Pharmacokinetic Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Giovanna Petrangolini ◽  
Fabrizio Corti ◽  
Massimo Ronchi ◽  
Lolita Arnoldi ◽  
Pietro Allegrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
Dose Linearity ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Intestinal Fluids

Objective. To evaluate in vitro solubility, bioaccessibility, and cytotoxic profile, together with a pharmacokinetic profile by oral administration to healthy volunteers of a novel food-grade berberine formulation (BBR-PP, i.e., berberine Phytosome®). Results. An in vitro increase of solubility in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids and an improved bioaccessibility at intestinal level along with a lower cytotoxicity with respect to berberine were observed with BBR-PP. The pharmacokinetic profile of the oral administration to healthy volunteers confirmed that berberine Phytosome® significantly ameliorated berberine absorption, in comparison to unformulated berberine, without any observed side effects. The berberine plasma concentrations observed with both doses of BBR-PP were significantly higher than those seen after unformulated berberine administration, starting from 45 min (free berberine) and 30 min (total berberine). Furthermore, BBR-PP improved berberine bioavailability (AUC) was significantly higher, around 10 times on molar basis and with observed dose linearity, compared to the unformulated berberine. Conclusion. These findings open new perspectives on the use of this healthy berberine formulation in metabolic discomforts.

Scaffold Based Search on the Desferithiocin Archetype

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (19) ◽  
pp. 1564-1576
Author(s):  
Mousumi Shyam ◽  
Abhimanyu Dev ◽  
Barij Nayan Sinha ◽  
Venkatesan Jayaprakash
Keyword(s):  
Iron Overload ◽  
Biological System ◽  
Phenyl Ring ◽  
Iron Chelation ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Iron Chelator ◽  
Iron Chelators ◽  
Toxicity Profile ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Favourable Pharmacokinetic Profile

:Iron overload disorder and diseases where iron mismanagement plays a crucial role require orally available iron chelators with favourable pharmacokinetic and toxicity profile. Desferrithiocin (DFT), a tridentate and orally available iron chelator has a favourable pharmacokinetic profile but its use has been clinically restricted due to its nephrotoxic potential. The chemical architecture of the DFT has been naturally well optimized for better iron chelation and iron clearance from human biological system. Equally they are also responsible for its toxicity. Hence, subsequent research has been devoted to develop a non-nephrotoxic analogue of DFT without losing its iron clearance ability.:The review has been designed to classify the compounds reported till date and to discuss the structure activity relationship with reference to modifications attempted at different positions over pyridine and thiazoline ring of DFT. Compounds are clustered under two major classes: (i) Pyridine analogues and (ii) phenyl analogue and further each class has been further subdivided based on the presence or absence and the number of hydroxy functional groups present over pyridine or phenyl ring of the DFT analogues. Finally a summary and few insights into the development of newer analogues are provided.

scholarly journals The effects of oral administration of Cola nitida on the pharmacokinetic profile of metoclopramide in rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Nwadiuto Amadi ◽  
Wisdom Izuchukwu Nwachukwu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Peak Plasma ◽  
Peak Plasma Concentration ◽  
Elimination Rate ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Cola Nitida

Abstract Background Cola nitida is commonly chewed in many West African cultures to ease hunger pangs and sometimes for their stimulant and euphoriant qualities. Metoclopramide is a known substrate for P-gp, SULT2A1 and CYP2D6 and studies have revealed that caffeine- a major component of Cola nitida can induce P-glycoprotein (P-gp), SULT2A1 and SULT1A1, hence a possible drug interaction may occur on co-administration. The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic interactions of Cola nitida and metoclopramide in rabbits. Methods The study was performed in two stages using five healthy male rabbits with a 1-week washout period between treatments. Stage one involved oral administration of metoclopramide (0.5 mg/kg) alone while in the second stage, metoclopramide (0.5 mg/kg) was administered concurrently with Cola nitida (0.7 mg/kg). Blood samples were collected after each stage at predetermined intervals and analyzed for plasma metoclopramide concentration using HPLC. Results Compared with control, the metoclopramide/Cola nitida co-administration produced a decrease in plasma concentration of metoclopramide at all the time intervals except at the 7th hour. The following pharmacokinetic parameters were also decreased: area under the curve (51%), peak plasma concentration (39%), half-life (51%); while an increase in elimination rate constant (113%) and clearance rate (98%) were noted indicating rapid elimination of the drug. A minimal decrease in absorption rate (10%) was also observed. Conclusions The results of this study reveal a possible herb-drug interaction between Cola nitida and metoclopramide.

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