Enhanced In Vitro Plantlet Regeneration from Mature Embryo-derived Primary Callus of a Basmati Rice Cultivar Through Modification of Nitrate-nitrogen and Ammonium-nitrogen Concentrations

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harjeet Khanna ◽  
S. K. Raina
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Mature Embryo ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Plantlet Regeneration ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Primary Callus ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

scholarly journals The effect of pulverising aeration on changes in the oxygen and nitrogen concentrations in water of Lake Starzyc

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Wesołowski ◽  
Adam Brysiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
The Third ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Bottom Waters ◽  
Restoration Measures

Abstract Due to poor ecological status of Lake Starzyc, lake restoration measures were undertaken in 2003 to improve aerobic conditions of near-bottom waters and to decrease phosphorus concentrations. To do this, a wind-driven pulverising aerator was installed in the lake. The aim of this study was to analyse variability of oxygen and nitrogen concentrations in lake water near the aerator in the third year of its operation and later on in the three-year-long period of the years 2008–2010. It was found that concentrations of ammonium-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen and dissolved oxygen near the aerator did not differ from those in sites 4 and 5, which evidenced similar abiotic conditions in analysed waters. Higher concentrations of dissolved oxygen and lower concentrations of nitrate-nitrogen were found in the years 2008–2010 than in 2005.

scholarly journals The Effects of Concentration Gradient of Nitrogen Compounds on the Ammonium-nitrogen and Nitrate-nitrogen Fluxes at Sediment-Water Interface

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Wang ◽  
Qing Wu ◽  
Yuping Han
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Diffusion Flux ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Incubation Experiment ◽  
Concentration Gradients ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Average Diffusion ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

Abstract The incubation experiments focused on altering concentration gradients of nitrogen between sediment and overlying water to examine the diffusion flux of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+) and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-) at sediment-water interface. In this study, the diffusion flux can be estimated based on calculating the average of the net change rate of nutrient concentrations in the overlying water. For the incubation experiment of different TN concentrations in the sediment, the results showed that the diffusion flux of ammonia at sediment-water interface is -52.57~84.57 mg·m-2·d-1, and for nitrate diffusion flux, the changing range during the incubation experiment is -110.13~143.25 mg·m-2·d-1. For the incubation experiment of different nitrogen concentrations in the overlying water, the results of NH4+-N diffusion flux in L, M, H treatment were 3.37, -4.94, -3.84 mg·m-2·d-1, respectively. And the average diffusion flux of nitrate in L (0 mg NO3--N, 0 mg NH4+-N), M (0.5 mg NO3--N, 1.5 mg NH4+-N) and H (1 mg NO3--N, 2.5 mg NH4+-N) treatment were 12.30, 10.39 and 7.11 mg·m-2·d-1. Results highlighted that concentrations gradient of nutrients were indeed an important factor affecting the diffusion flux at sediment-water interface. In addition, the diffusion of nutrients at sediment-water interface in aquatic ecosystem is not only controlled by concentration gradients, some other factors such as incoming water, hydrodynamics, dissolved oxygen content, sediment structure, biological disturbance, horizontal migration and diffusion of nutrients and turbulent diffusion caused by wind and wave, are equally important.

scholarly journals Tolerance of Tetraselmis tetrathele to High Ammonium Nitrogen and Its Effect on Growth Rate, Carotenoid, and Fatty Acids Productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd Wahab Farahin ◽  
Ikhsan Natrah ◽  
Norio Nagao ◽  
Fatimah Md. Yusoff ◽  
Mohamed Shariff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
High Level ◽  
Microalgae Productivity ◽  
Β Carotene

Microalgae can use either ammonium or nitrate for its growth and vitality. However, at a certain level of concentration, ammonium nitrogen exhibits toxicity which consequently can inhibit microalgae productivity. Therefore, this study is aimed to investigate the tolerance of Tetraselmis tetrathele to high ammonium nitrogen concentrations and its effects on growth rate, photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm), pigment contents (chlorophyll a, lutein, neoxanthin, and β-carotene), and fatty acids production. Experiments were performed at different ammonium nitrogen concentrations (0.31–0.87 gL−1) for 6 days under a light source with an intensity of 300 μmol photons m−2 s−1 and nitrate-nitrogen source as the experimental control. The findings indicated no apparent enhancement of photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) at high levels of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) for T. tetrathele within 24 h. However, after 24 h, the photosynthetic efficiency of T. tetrathele increased significantly (p < 0.05) in high concentration of NH4+-N. Chlorophyll a content in T. tetrathele grown in all of the different NH4+-N levels increased significantly compared to nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) treatment (p < 0.05); which supported that this microalgal could grow even in high level of NH4+-N concentrations. The findings also indicated that T. tetrathele is highly resistant to high ammonium nitrogen which suggests T. tetrathele to be used in the aquaculture industry for bioremediation purpose to remove ammonium nitrogen, thus reducing the production cost while improving the water quality.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Proportions of Three Microbial Agents on Ammonia Mitigation during the Composting of Layer Manure

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 2513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Liao ◽  
Wu ◽  
Mi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Stearothermophilus ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bacterial Number ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Ammonia Emissions ◽  
Total Ammonia ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Microbial Agents

Odor emissions represent one of the important issues of aerobic composting. The addition of microbial agents to compost is an important method for solving this problem, but this process is often unstable when a single microbial agent is added to the compost. Therefore, in this study, five treatments comprising different proportions of Bacillus stearothermophilus, Candida utilis, and Bacillus subtilis were tested to determine the best combination of the three microbial agents for ammonia reduction, as follows: control group (CK), 2:1:1 (A), 1:1:2 (B), 1:2:1 (C), and 1:1:1 (D). Compared with the CK group, the A, B, C, and D groups reduced ammonia emissions by 17.02, 9.68, 53.11, and 46.23%, respectively. The total ammonia emissions were significantly lower in C and D than in CK (p < 0.05). These two treatment groups had significantly increased nitrate nitrogen concentrations and decreased pH values and ammonium nitrogen concentrations (p < 0.05). Throughout the composting process, the total bacterial number was significantly higher in C and D than in CK (p < 0.05). Therefore, it is likely that B. stearothermophilus, C. utilis, and B. subtilis compounded from 1:2:1 (C) to 1:1:1 (D) reduced the ammonia emissions due to (1) a reduction in the pH and (2) the promotion of the growth of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and the conversion of ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen. This study provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the odor problem of layer manure compost and promotes the development of composting technology.

Nitrogen cycling in a Venezuelan tropical seasonally flooded forest: soil nitrogen mineralization and nitrification

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barrios E. ◽  
Herrera R.
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Flooded Forest ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Minimum Stress ◽  
Seasonally Flooded

ABSTRACTSeasonally flooded forests represent a transition between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The Mapire river, a tributary of the Orinoco river, floods its surrounding forests during the wet season (May–December). The soils are very acid and the total nitrogen concentration (0.1%) is only half that found in nearby soils flooded by Orinoco waters. Ammonium-nitrogen predominates in the soil during the flooded period while nitrate-nitrogen concentrations are higher in the dry period. Wide fluctuations in the inorganic nitrogen fractions did not considerably affect the annual course of soil nitrogen.The predominance of mineralization versus nitrification (56 and 5 μgsoil month−1respectively) and possibly the synchronization of nitrogen availability with plant demand could be considered as nitrogen conserving mechanisms.In synchrony with the hydrologic cycle, the seasonally flooded forest studied shows a nitrogencycle where inputs and accumulation are maximized when the system is under minimum stress (dry season). During flooding, the system enters a period of dormancy making minimal use of nutrient and energy to avoid or tolerate anaerobiosis.

scholarly journals In vitro callus induction and plantlet regeneration of Indian red wood, Soymida febrifuga A. Juss (Roxb.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (24) ◽  
pp. 847-856
Author(s):  
K. Chiruvella Kishore ◽  
Mohammed Arifullah ◽  
Gopal Ghanta Rama ◽  
K. Chiruvella Kishore ◽  
Mohammed Arifullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Plantlet Regeneration

In vitro plantlet regeneration of Olea europaea ssp. maderensis

2003 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conceição V. Santos ◽  
Gina Brito ◽  
Gloria Pinto ◽  
Henrique M.A.C. Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Plantlet Regeneration ◽  
Olea Europaéa
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