Preoperative autologous donation of blood in cardiac surgery —Age related factors—

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Masuda ◽  
Yukinori Moriyama ◽  
Akihiro Yamaoka ◽  
Gouichi Yotsumoto ◽  
Hiroshi Iwamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Preoperative Autologous Donation

scholarly journals Blinding in electric current stimulation in subacute neglect patients with current densities of 0.8 A/m2: a cross-over pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Gorsler ◽  
Ulrike Grittner ◽  
Nadine Külzow ◽  
Torsten Rackoll
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Attentional Deficits ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Improve Standard

Abstract Objective Neglect after stroke is a disabling disorder and its rehabilitation is a major challenge. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) seems to be a promising adjuvant technique to improve standard care neglect therapy. Since electric fields are influenced by age-related factors, higher current densities are probably needed for effective treatment in aged stroke patients. Validation of treatment efficacy requires sham-controlled experiments, but increased current densities might comprise blinding. Therefore, a pilot study was conducted to test sham adequacy when using current density of 0.8 A/m2. Whether especially neglect patients who mainly suffer from perceptual and attentional deficits are able to differentiate beyond chance active from sham tDCS was investigated in a randomized cross-over design (active/sham stimulation) in 12 early subacute patients with left-sided hemineglect. Stimulation (0.8 A/m2) was performed simultaneous to standard care neglect therapy. Results Odds ratio of correct guessing an atDCS condition compared to wrongly judge an atDCS condition as sham was 10.00 (95%CI 0.65–154.40, p = 0.099). However, given the small sample size and high OR, although likely somewhat overestimated, results require careful interpretation and blinding success in neglect studies with current densities of 0.8 A/m2 should be further confirmed.

scholarly journals Vagus Nerve Stimulation Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment and Increased Hippocampal Astrocytes in a Mouse Model of Gulf War Illness

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 263310552110184
Author(s):  
Lavanya Venkatasamy ◽  
Damir Nizamutdinov ◽  
Jaclyn Jenkins ◽  
Lee A Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Gulf War ◽  
Gulf War Illness ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Hippocampal Astrocytes ◽  
Emotional Deficits

Gulf war illness (GWI), is a chronic multi-symptom illness that has impacted approximately one-third of the veterans who served in the 1990 to 1991 Gulf War. GWI symptoms include cognitive impairments (eg, memory and concentration problems), headaches, migraines, fatigue, gastrointestinal and respiratory issues, as well as emotional deficits. The exposure to neurological chemicals such as the anti-nerve gas drug, pyridostigmine bromide (PB), and the insecticide permethrin (PER), may contribute to the etiologically related factors of GWI. Various studies utilizing mouse models of GWI have reported the interplay of these chemical agents in increasing neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction. Astrocytes are involved in the secretion of neuroinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in pathological conditions and have been implicated in GWI symptomology. We hypothesized that exposure to PB and PER causes lasting changes to hippocampal astrocytes, concurrent with chronic cognitive deficits that can be reversed by cervical vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). GWI was induced in CD1 mice by injecting the mixture of PER (200 mg/kg) and PB (2 mg/kg), i.p. for 10 consecutive days. VNS stimulators were implanted at 33 weeks after GWI induction. The results show age-related cognitive alterations at approximately 9 months after exposure to PB and PER. The results also showed an increased number of GFAP-labeled astrocytes in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus that was ameliorated by VNS.

ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY IN CANCER PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION. CONSIDERING AGE FACTOR

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
В. И. Потиевская ◽  
А. А. Ахобеков ◽  
М. Ф. Баллюзек
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Direct Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
After Cancer

Рассматривается современное состояние вопроса выбора антикоагулянтной терапии при фибрилляции предсердий (ФП) у онкологических больных. Отмечается, что сложность выбора антикоагулянта при злокачественных новообразованиях (ЗНО) определяется такими факторами, как коморбидные сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, нарушения функции печени и почек, метаболические дисфункции, свойственные, прежде всего, пациентам старшей возрастной группы. Приводятся актуальные данные по оценке риска геморрагических и тромбоэмболических осложнений ФП при ЗНО в аспекте возраста. Обсуждаются возможные причины увеличения риска развития ФП во время и после лечения ЗНО, в том числе и в связи с возраст-ассоциированностью этих патологий. Рассмотрены вопросы выбора антикоагулянтов у пациентов, находящихся на активной противоопухолевой терапии, особенно на препаратах из группы прямых оральных антикоагулянтов (ПОАК). Согласно данным обсервационных исследований, именно ПОАК являются перспективным, относительно безопасным и эффективным выбором для онкологических пациентов с ФП, в связи с чем их применение должно активно изучаться в рандомизированных клинических исследованиях с учетом фактора возраста. Подчеркивается, что подбор схемы антикоагулянтной терапии у пациентов с ФП и ЗНО требует междисциплинарного участия кардиологов и онкологов, а часто и гериатров, чтобы индивидуализировать лечение и предложить наиболее эффективную терапию. The current issue of the choice of anticoagulant therapy of atrial fibrillation (AF) in cancer patients is considered. It is noted that the difficulty of choosing an anticoagulant in malignancies is largely determined by age-related factors, such as comorbid cardiovascular diseases, liver and kidney dysfunction, metabolic disorders common for in elderly patients. Current data on the risk assessment of hemorrhagic and thromboembolic complications of AF in cancer patients in the aspect of age presented. During and after cancer treatment, the risk of developing AF can increase, also in connection with the age-associated pathology. Possible reasons of it are discussed. The choice of different anticoagulants groups in patients treated with anticancer therapy, including direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) is considered. According to available data from observational studies, it is the DOAC that is a promising, relatively safe and effective choice for cancer patients with AF, and therefore their use should be actively studied in randomized trials, considering the factor of age. It is particularly noted that solving this problem requires the interdisciplinary involvement of cardiologists, oncologists, and sometimes, geriatrics, to individualize treatment for each case and to offer the most effective therapy.

scholarly journals Differential expression of apoptosis-related factors induces the age-related apoptosis of the gracilis muscle in humans

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1110-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
SOO YEON PARK ◽  
JUNG HWAN LEE ◽  
HA YOUNG KIM ◽  
KYOUNG HO YOON ◽  
SEONG KYU PARK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Gracilis Muscle ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Age Related

scholarly journals What influences diet quality in older people? A qualitative study among community-dwelling older adults from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study, UK

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 2685-2693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilse Bloom ◽  
Wendy Lawrence ◽  
Mary Barker ◽  
Janis Baird ◽  
Elaine Dennison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Older People ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Hertfordshire Cohort Study ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractObjectiveTo explore influences on diet in a group of community-dwelling older adults in the UK.DesignData were collected through focus group discussions with older people; discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and transcripts analysed thematically.SettingHertfordshire, UK.SubjectsParticipants were sampled purposively from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study, focusing on those whose diets had been assessed at two time points: 1998–2001 and 2011.ResultsNinety-two adults participated (47 % women; 74–83 years) and eleven focus groups were held. A number of age-related factors were identified that were linked to food choices, including lifelong food experiences, retirement, bereavement and medical conditions, as well as environmental factors (such as transport). There appeared to be variability in how individuals responded to these influences, indicating that other underlying factors may mediate the effects of age-related factors on diet. Discussions about ‘keeping going’, being motivated to ‘not give up’, not wanting to be perceived as ‘old’, as well as examples of resilience and coping strategies, suggest the importance of mediating psychological factors. In addition, discussion about social activities and isolation, community spirit and loneliness, indicated the importance of social engagement as an influence on diet.ConclusionsInterventions to promote healthier diets in older age should take account of underlying psychological and social factors that influence diet, which may mediate the effects of age-related factors.

scholarly journals Predictors of Blood Pressure in Iranian Women- A Narrative Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Etaat ◽  
Zohre Tabatabaye ◽  
Samaneh Motamed Jahromi ◽  
Poneh Yosefi ◽  
Sadegh Sedigh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Iranian Women ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Waist Size ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Important Health

Introduction: hypertension is one of the most important health problems in the world and in developing countries, including Iran. The prevalence of hypertension among Iranian women is higher than men. This study aimed to investigate the predictive causes of hypertension among Iranian women. This study was a narrative review that was conducted by searching related studies and resources in databases of Google Scholar, SID, Pubmed, Magiran, Web of Science, and Scopus. Finally, 49 qualified articles were analyzed and the texts were reviewed. Based on the obtained data, the predictors of hypertension among Iranian women included the underlying factors of obesity (diet and exercise), psychosocial factors (stress, occupation and addiction) and age-related factors. Conclusion:  Obesity and increased waist size had a greater role in high blood pressure in Iranian women. After obesity, age and factors affecting them, lack of exercise, high stress, occupational factors, education, and addiction can also influence high blood pressure.As a result, it can be predicted that by identifying the risk factors, hypertension can be reduced among Iranian women; by teaching the causes and methods of preventing hypertension to the Iranian women as well as screening for timely diagnose and treatment, hypertension could be decreased among Iranian women.

scholarly journals Preoperative risk factors of malnutrition for cardiac surgery patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donata Ringaitienė ◽  
Dalia Gineitytė ◽  
Vaidas Vicka ◽  
Tadas Žvirblis ◽  
Jūratė Šipylaitė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Preoperative Risk ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Preoperative Risk Factors ◽  
Valve Pathology

Background. Malnutrition (MN) is prevalent in cardiac surgery, but there are no specific preoperative risk factors of MN. The aim of this study is to assess the clinically relevant risk factors of MN for cardiac surgery patients. Materials and methods. The nutritional state of the patients was evaluated one day prior to surgery using a bioelectrical impedance analysis phase angle (PA). Two groups of patients were generated according to low PA: malnourished and well nourished. Risk factors of MN were divided into three clinically relevant groups: psychosocial and lifestyle factors, laboratory findings and disease-associated factors. Variables in each different group were entered into separate multivariate logistic regression models. Results. A total of 712 patients were included in the study. The majority of them were 65-year old men after a CABG procedure. Low PA was present in 22.9% (163) of patients. The analysis of disease-related factors of MN revealed the importance of heart functions (NYHA IV class OR: 3.073, CI95%: 1.416–6.668, p = 0.007), valve pathology (OR: 1.825, CI95%: 1.182–2.819, p = 0.007), renal insufficiency (OR: 4.091, CI95%: 1.995–8.389, p 

scholarly journals Pán Péterek? - avagy létezik-e kapunyítási pánik a szakképzésből kikerülő fiataloknál - egy vizsgálat utóélete

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kricsfalusi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Identity Status ◽  
Peter Pan ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Avoidance Strategy ◽  
Key Questions

A tanulmány a Pán Péter Szindrómát, valamint a Kapunyitási Pánikot, az utóbbi évtized közkedvelt kifejezéseit és jelenségeit vizsgálja a felnőttkorba lépő, szakképzésből kikerülő fiatalok körében. Központi kérdései: Miért alakulhatott ki? Miért most? Létezik e valóban, vagy csak az elkerülési stratégiák egyik válfajáról van szó? Milyen jelenségek együttese okozza a kialakulását? Vannak- e életkori sajátosságok, amik hajlamosító tényezőkké válhatnak? Vannak-e nemi különbségek a jelenség megjelenésénél? A kérdések megválaszolásával próbálom igazolni, hogy Pán Péter szindróma helyett inkább egy speciális, életciklus váltás okozta krízis állapotról beszélhetünk. Kulcsszavak: Pán Péter szindróma, kapunyitási pánik, krízisállapot, quaterlife crisis, fiatalok, posztadoleszcencia, emerging adulthood, korszakváltás, identitás státusz, szorongás, elkerülési stratégia, depresszió Diszciplina: pszichológia, szociológia, neveléstudomány The study examines the Peter Pan Syndrome and the Quarterlife Crisis, two well-known phenomena which occur among young adults finishing their vocational training.The key questions are: Why do they happen? Why at this time? Do they really exist or are they just some types of avoidance strategies? What circumstances cause their emergence? Are there any age-related factors that may predispose their occurrence? Are there any gender differences in their appearance?Answering these questions I have come to the conclusion that instead of the Peter Pan Syndrome what we face is rather a special state of crisis caused by the life cycle transition. Keywords: Peter Pan Syndrome, quaterlife crisis, crisis status, young adults, post-adolescent, emerging adulthood, identity status, anxiety, avoidance strategy, depressionDisciplines: psychology, sociology, pedagogy

Abstract 16873: Association of Preoperative Cell-Free DNA Levels and Outcome Following Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justinn Tanem ◽  
John Scott ◽  
George M Hoffman ◽  
Robert A Niebler ◽  
Aoy TOMITA-MITCHELL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna

Introduction: Preoperative risk stratification in congenital cardiac surgery includes patient and procedure related factors, which may be used in clinical decision making as well program performance evaluation. Despite these tools, unidentified factors contribute to wide variation in outcomes both within and between centers. Identification of latent physiologic risk factors may strengthen predictive models. Hypothesis: Total cell-free DNA (TCF) functions as a biomarker for cellular injury as well as a pro-inflammatory cytokine. We hypothesized that elevated preoperative TCF would be associated with poor outcome following pediatric cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: Prospective observational study of children age < 18 yr and wt > 3 kg undergoing planned CPB surgery. The Children’s Wisconsin Institutional Review Board approved the protocol . A serum TCF sample was obtained after induction of anesthesia prior to surgical incision. The primary outcome measure was a composite of postoperative cardiac arrest, ECMO, or death (CAED). Association of outcome to TCF was assessed by logistic regression with a cutpoint chosen by ROC curve exploration. Odds ratios with 95% CI were calculated. Results: Data were available in 117 patients, median age 0.9 years (range 0-17.4), median weight 7.8kg (range 3.2-98). The primary outcome (CAED) was met in 6/117 (5.1%). Table 1 summarizes characteristics of patients with and without CAED. Risk of CAED was 2% with TCF<20 ng/ml, and 27% with TCF>20 ng/ml (OR=18.2, CI 2.2- 212, p<0.01). Elevated TCF was associated to fewer hospital free days (GLM p<0.01). Data in table reported as median [IQR]. Conclusions: Preoperative TCF has an important association with postoperative cardiac arrest, ECMO, and death. Alternative or intensified treatment strategies could be considered in patients with elevated preoperative TCF.

Comorbidity of Medical and Psychiatric Disorders in Geriatric Population

2018 ◽  
pp. 448-474
Author(s):  
Pratima Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Related

Ageing is a universal phenomenon that has not only social but also economic, political, and health-related implications. With the advancement in healthcare facilities and better availability of health services, the geriatric population is gradually increasing. But, this group is at an increased risk of developing both physical and psychological co-morbidities due to age-related factors and changes in the social circumstances. The present chapter proposes the concept and issues related to co-morbidity in the geriatric population. After discussing the issues and consequences of medical and psychiatric co-morbidities, their effective treatment regime and care/management in relation to the geriatric population are addressed.

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