Influence of modified Banta’s medium and pond water on the longevity, egg production and body size ofDaphnia similis Claus andDaphnia cephalata King (Crustacea: Cladocera) under laboratory conditions

1986 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Venkataraman ◽  
S Krishnaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

Some aspects of the life cycle of the tick ixodes pilosus under laboratory conditions

1991 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Rechav
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Preoviposition Period ◽  
The Mean

Some aspects of the life cycle of the tick Ixodes pilosus were studied under laboratory conditions. The preoviposition period was 7,2 ± 0,6 d. Maximum egg production was on Day 4 after oviposition commenced, with total egg production of 2 395 ± 128,7 eggs per female. The mean feeding time of larvae was 3,3 ± 0,1 d. The life cycle could not be completed due to the specific requirements of this species.

Description of life cycle and preimaginal stages of Alecton discoidalis Laporte, 1833 (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) under laboratory conditions

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4816 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
ORMAILY MADRUGA ◽  
MARC A. BRANHAM
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
General Body ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Preimaginal Stages ◽  
Terrestrial Snails ◽  
Western Half

Alecton discoidalis Laporte, 1833 is the most widespread species of the only firefly genus endemic to Cuba. It is commonly found in limestone landscapes across the western half of the country. Larvae of A. discoidalis were collected at Pan de Matanzas and reared through the adult stage under laboratory conditions. Larvae were fed mainly terrestrial snails from the families Potamiidae and Helicinidae. Alecton discoidalis underwent between four and eight larval instars. Females had more larval instars than males likely due to the need to gain more body mass for egg production. Eggs, larvae and pupae are described and illustrated, with emphasis on general body shape, as well as details of the larval head, antennae and mouthparts. Alecton discoidalis females are both brachypterous and physogastric. 

scholarly journals Body size and the timing of egg production in parasitoid wasps: a comparative analysis

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Jervis ◽  
P. N. Ferns ◽  
G. E. Heimpel
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Parasitoid Wasps

Reproductive performance in a phyletic dwarf, the spider crab Petramithrax pygmaeus (Bell, 1836) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Mithracidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-329
Author(s):  
Joshua T Fields ◽  
Hayden K Mullen ◽  
Clayr M Kroenke ◽  
Kyla A Salomon ◽  
Abby J Craft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Spider Crab ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Body Sizes

Abstract The spider crab Petramithrax pygmaeus (Bell, 1836), a phyletic dwarf, was used to test predictions regarding reproductive performance in small marine invertebrates. Considering the disproportional increase in brooding costs and the allometry of egg production with increasing body size, it was expected that this minute-size species would produce large broods compared to closely related species that attain much larger body sizes. Fecundity in P. pygmaeus females carrying early and late eggs varied, respectively, between 17 and 172 eggs crab–1 (mean ± SD = 87.97 ± 48.39) and between 13 and 159 eggs crab–1 (55.04 ± 40.29). Females did not experience brood loss during egg development. Egg volume in females carrying early and late eggs varied, respectively, between 0.13 and 0.40 mm3 (0.22 ± 0.07) and between 0.15 and 0.42 mm3 (0.26 ± 0.06 mm3). Reproductive output (RO) varied between 0.91 and 8.73% (3.81 ± 2.17%) of female dry body weight. The RO of P. pygmaeus was lower than that reported for closely related species with larger body sizes. The slope (b = 0.95 ± 0.15) of the line describing the relationship between brood and parental female dry weight was not statistically significant from unity. Overall, our results disagree with the notion that the allometry of gamete production and increased physiological costs with increased brood size explain the association between brooding and small body size in marine invertebrates. Comparative studies on the reproductive investment of brooding species belonging to monophyletic clades with extensive differences in body size are warranted to further our understanding about disparity in egg production in brooding marine invertebrates.

Distribution, Growth, and Seasonal Abundance of Hyalella azteca (Amphipoda) in Relation to Sediment Microflora

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry T. Hargrave
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Hyalella Azteca ◽  
Maximum Density ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Juvenile Survival ◽  
Substrate Choice ◽  
Deposit Feeding ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Growth, density, and body size of the deposit-feeding amphipod Hyalella azteca, and its food, epibenthic algae, and sediment microflora, were greatest in shallow-water areas of Marion Lake. The vertical distribution of Hyalella was limited to the upper 2 cm of sediment cores. Highest concentrations of sedimentary chlorophyll and lowest concentrations of nondigestible ligninlike material also occurred at the sediment surface.In laboratory substrate-choice experiments, Hyalella differentiated between sediments with different concentrations of microorganisms, and growth depended upon the quantity of microflora in the diet. In Marion Lake, increased growth of Hyalella during June was independent of temperature and closely correlated with increased rates of epibenthic primary production.Egg production, related to body size in a nonlinear manner, began during May as growth rates increased. As a combined result of egg production and juvenile survival, the maximum density of Hyalella in Marion Lake was reached in August.

Intraspecific variation in reproductive effort by female Parapediasia teterrella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and its relation to body size

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry D. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Life History Evolution ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Egg Number ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

Daily egg production of the moth Parapediasia teterrella declined over the life-span of the female but egg size remained constant. The absence of water resulted in lower fecundity and early mortality. Egg size and lifetime fecundity showed considerable inter-individual variation and large females produced more and larger eggs than their smaller counterparts. Large females expended greater reproductive effort than small females. Hatching success was negatively related to egg size. In spite of this, large females laying large eggs had higher fitness than small females. I postulate that multiple reproductive strategies within a species, resulting from differences in reproductive effort expended, may explain why expected trade-offs in reproductive parameters (e.g., egg size versus egg number) were not found in this species. Furthermore, I argue that the prevalent interpretation of life-history evolution (that body size is the important determining parameter of life-history parameters) may reflect correlation of body size with reproductive effort, and reproductive effort may be more important in determining the nature of trade-offs between reproductive parameters.

OBSERVATIONS ON THE FECUNDITY OF HYSSOPUS THYMUS (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE)

1974 ◽  
Vol 106 (12) ◽  
pp. 1327-1332
Author(s):  
Paul D. Syme
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Female Wasp ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Preoviposition Period ◽  
Large Host

AbstractThe fecundity of Hyssopus thymus Girault females does not normally vary between generations within a single year, but differences frequently occur between years. A weighted mean annual fecundity of 14 eggs per female under laboratory conditions has been determined by pooling several years’ records, although the maximum number of eggs laid by a female was 130. A mean of 20 eggs per female was determined under quasinatural conditions. The weight of the host, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae), limits the number of eggs laid per host during the early spring when shoot moth larvae are small. When the host larvae are larger, size is no longer a limiting factor in the number of eggs deposited per host. There is a preoviposition period of about 3 days and egg production is synovigenic. The number of fully developed eggs within a female at one time varies between about 7 and 12 eggs on a 3-day cycle, and never exceeds 16. Each female wasp attacks two or three large host larvae and this number is probably doubled when the host larvae available for attack are small.

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