Evaluation of the role of environmental factors in the human gastrointestinal tract on the behaviour of probiotic cultures ofLactobacillus casei Shirota andLactobacillus casei LC01 by the use of a semi-dynamicin vitro model

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Gianni De Carvlho ◽  
Monika Francisca Kruger ◽  
Danielle Nader Furtado ◽  
Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov ◽  
Bernadette Dora Gombossy De Melo Franco
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Vitro Model

scholarly journals Symposium ‘understanding and managing satiety: processes and opportunities’

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Mandalari
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Appetite Control ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
Unique Composition ◽  
Food Hedonics

Abstract This brief report summarises a framework for understanding satiety presented at the 13th European Nutrition Conference, FENS 2019 – Malnutrition in an Obese World: European Perspectives. Aspects of satiety phenotyping and role of food hedonics in satiation are considered in the context of appetite control and obesity. Almonds are evaluated for their unique composition and structure which affect their behaviour in the human gastrointestinal tract. Their role in appetite control and management of satiety has been explored.

scholarly journals The evolution of the concept of the intestinal microbial-tissue complex

2020 ◽  
Vol 183 (11) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
V. B. Grinevich ◽  
Yu. A. Kravchuk ◽  
E. I. Sas
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Functional Element ◽  
The Body ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Mechanisms Of Adaptation

The human gastrointestinal tract is one of the largest in area — points of contact between the internal environment of the host and environmental factors.The most important functional element of this interaction is the microbial — tissue complex of the gastrointestinal tract, and its permeability is defined as a key option in the implementation of the mechanisms of adaptation and homeostasis.The microbiota is represented in various interpretations by the main four domains (archaea, bacteria or eubacteria, eukaryotes and viruses). The combination of these domains into the Biota taxon suggests the need to use the term biota-tissue complex, which more fully reflects the sophisticated interactions of all microbial-tissue complexes of the body.

scholarly journals Viruses in Cancers of the Digestive System: Active Contributors or Idle Bystanders?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8133
Author(s):  
Martin Marônek ◽  
René Link ◽  
Giovanni Monteleone ◽  
Roman Gardlík ◽  
Carmine Stolfi
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Tissue Homeostasis ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Viral Particles

The human virome, which is a collection of all the viruses that are present in the human body, is increasingly being recognized as an essential part of the human microbiota. The human gastrointestinal tract and related organs (e.g., liver, pancreas, and gallbladder)—composing the gastrointestinal (or digestive) system—contain a huge number of viral particles which contribute to maintaining tissue homeostasis and keeping our body healthy. However, perturbations of the virome steady-state may, both directly and indirectly, ignite/sustain oncogenic mechanisms contributing to the initiation of a dysplastic process and/or cancer progression. In this review, we summarize and discuss the available evidence on the association and role of viruses in the development of cancers of the digestive system.

scholarly journals Synbiotic-Derived Metabolites Reduce Neuroinflammatory Symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1578-1578
Author(s):  
Giulio Pasinetti
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Amyloid Aggregation ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Metabolite Production ◽  
Vitro Model

Abstract Objectives Synbiotics, the combination of probiotics and prebiotics, can be designed to produce specific bioavailable metabolites that penetrate the blood-brain-barrier and reduce neuropathologies associated with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). We designed an in vitro model of the human gastrointestinal tract that can be used to optimize the production of metabolites from synbiotic formulations using machine learning algorithms that can then be tested in animal models of AD. Our objective is to optimize/characterize a synbiotic's metabolite production using an in vitro bioreactor as a therapeutic tool against AD. We hypothesize that a synbiotic designed towards the production of specific brain-bioactive metabolites will synergistically mitigate the neuro- and systemic-pathologies associated with AD. Methods Using the in vitro model of the human gastrointestinal tract, we have used this optimized combination of polyphenols and tested 15 combinations of 6 probiotic bacteria as a synbiotic to optimize metabolite production using a multivariate regression algorithm (MARS) and found that three probiotic bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum, Bifidobacterium infantis and L. salivarius together synergistically improve the production of brain bioavailable metabolites including quercetin, kamferin, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid and 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid. Results We have found that two polyphenolic metabolites 3-hydroxybenzoic acid and 3-(3’-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid derived from a grapeseed polyphenolic extract (GSPE) can penetrate the blood-brain-barrier and in vitro, inhibit the aggregation of amyloid plaques and tau fibrils. Increasing the diversity of the polyphenolic pool by adding a concord grape extract and resveratrol to the GSPE, we provided greater protection against cognitive impairment and amyloid aggregation in an AD mouse model than the components alone. Conclusions In vitro studies have confirmed that these metabolites have potent anti-inflammatory activity. This synbiotic combining potent grape-derived polyphenolic precursors with bioactive probiotic bacteria has the potential to slow the progression and treat AD by synergistically targeting multiple of its neuropathologies including inflammation, amyloid aggregation and tau fibril formation. Funding Sources These studies were funded by the NCCIH P50 AT008661 Center.

Caco-2 in vitro model of human gastrointestinal tract for studying the absorption of titanium dioxide and silver nanoparticles from seafood

Talanta ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 122494
Author(s):  
María Vanesa Taboada-López ◽  
Baltazar Hiram Leal-Martínez ◽  
Raquel Domínguez-González ◽  
Pilar Bermejo-Barrera ◽  
Pablo Taboada-Antelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Vitro Model

The Design of a Hydraulic Suction Tube for Peroral Biopsy of the Human Gastrointestinal Tract

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne E. Quinton ◽  
Arnold L. Flick ◽  
Cyrus E. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Suction Tube
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