Seed production, germination rate, and seedling establishment ofScirpus pungens in tidal brackish marshes

Wetlands ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean -François Giroux ◽  
Jean Bédard
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Brackish Marshes

scholarly journals Some basic concepts of pasture seed mixtures for New Zealand farms

1991 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
J.F.L. Charlton
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Species Mixtures

Seeds mixtures for New Zealand pastures developed from British practices with sowing of multi-species seeds mixtures during early years of settlement. Breeding and seed production of ryegrasses and clovers in the 1930s led to use of simple mixtures, still the most commonly used. Since the mid 197Os, new species have been released, and are now becoming more popular. Advantages and some potential problems of species mixtures are outlined, and simple concepts of compiling seeds mixtures are explained, with particular reference to seeding rate and sowing time. Keywords species, seeds mixtures, pasture renewal, sowing rates, seedling establishment, competition

Long-Term Development of Regeneration Under Longleaf Pine Seedtree and Shelterwood Stands

1993 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Boyer
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Palustris ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Distribution Characteristic ◽  
Volume Increment ◽  
Potential Impact

Abstract Well-stocked mature longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) stands were cut to five residual basal areas in 1957, namely 9, 18, 27, 36, and 45 ft² per ac, to observe the effect of stand density on seed production and seedling establishment. Seedlings, mainly from the 1955 or 1961seed crops, were established in treated stands. All pines on net 0.9 ac plots were remeasured in 1991 to determine the effect of residual pine density on development of the regeneration. Even the lightest residual overstory converted the structure of 29- to 35- yr-old ingrowth into the reverse-Jdiameter class distribution characteristic of uneven-aged stands. Four or six residual trees, now comprising 7 to 10 ft² basal area (ba)/ac, reduced ingrowth basal area to about half that of same-aged stands released from overstory competition. Merchantable volume of ingrowth under theselow residual densities averaged 40% of that in released stands. Mean annual per ac volume increment of ingrowth averaged 21 to 22 ft³ under the 9 ft² density but did not exceed 7 ft³ under any residual density above this. The potential impact of significant growth reductionsshould be taken into account when considering uneven-aged management methods for longleaf pine. South. J. Appl. For. 17(1):10-15.

Effect of soil water content and temperature on dormancy breaking and germination of three weeds

Weed Science ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 791-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Martinez-Ghersa ◽  
Emilio H. Satorre ◽  
Claudio M. Ghersa
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Redroot Pigweed

In laboratory experiments, we studied barnyardgrass, common lambsquarters, and redroot pigweed seed dormancy release by alternating temperatures under different soil water regimes, to determine whether that response serves as a mechanism for assuring seedling establishment. Alternating temperatures were important in breaking seed dormancy in the three weeds, but the species' response to alternating temperatures differed with soil water content. For redroot pigweed and newly dispersed seeds of barnyardgrass, dormancy breaking by alternating temperatures occurred only when soil water content was high enough for germination. Moreover, adverse incubation conditions (constant temperature and low water content) induced secondary dormancy in these seeds. Seventy percent of seeds incubated in open boxes emerged before the soil reached wilting point, when seeds were incubated at temperatures high enough for a high germination rate. A dormancy breaking mechanism that triggers a high rate of germination may be important in assuring success of seedling establishment where rainfall patterns result in wetting and drying cycles of the soil, especially in soil types that lose water rapidly from the surface layers.

THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 89. Carduus nutans L. and Carduus acanthoides L.

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1053-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. DESROCHERS ◽  
J. F. BAIN ◽  
S. I. WARWICK
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Carduus Acanthoides ◽  
Carduus Nutans ◽  
Introduced Weeds

Carduus nutans L. and C. acanthoides L. are introduced weeds, primarily of roadsides, fields and pasturelands. Both species occur in eastern and western Canada with C. nutans more common than C. acanthoides in western Canada. High seed production and germination rate on open soil contribute to the success of the species as weeds, as do the spiny leaves and stems which deter grazing by animals. Mowing or the application of hormone-like herbicides are both effective means of control. Biological control methods have also been used for both species, but have been most successful in the control of C. nutans.Key words: Musk thistle, nodding thistle, plumeless thistle, Carduus spp.

Seed mass, seed production, germination and seedling traits in two phenological types of Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego E. Gurvich ◽  
Lucas Enrico ◽  
Guillermo Funes ◽  
Marcelo R. Zak
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Flowering Phenology ◽  
Early Type ◽  
Normal Type ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Seedling Traits ◽  
Seed Sources

Bidens pilosa L. is a summer annual that shows a particular phenological pattern in the Córdoba mountains, Argentina. Some individuals start flowering 1 month after germination (early type), but most of the population starts flowering 4 months after germination (normal type). The aims of this study were to (1) analyse whether differences in flowering phenology affect seed mass and seed production, and (2) assess whether possible differences in seed traits of the two parental phenological types would affect germinability, germination rate, seedling growth and flowering phenology of offspring under laboratory conditions. The study showed that the numbers of seeds per capitulum and per plant were greater in the normal type than in the early type plants. This can be related to plant height, since in the field, normal-type plants are larger than early type plants. However, early type plants produced heavier seeds than normal-type plants. Germination rate was faster in the early type seeds, but total germination was higher in the normal ones. Seedling growth, in terms of height and the date of first flowering, did not differ between the phenological types of parental seed sources. Our results showed that differences in flowering phenology were associated with seed mass and seed production differences. Seed mass appears to be related to germination characteristics but not to seedling growth nor to flowering phenology of offspring.

scholarly journals Fecundity of Winged Euonymus Cultivars and Their Ability to Invade Various Natural Environments

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1029-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark H. Brand ◽  
Jessica D. Lubell ◽  
Jonathan M. Lehrer
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Euonymus Alatus ◽  
Demographic Models ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Deciduous Woodland ◽  
Northern United States

Winged euonymus [Euonymus alatus (Thunb.)] is an important landscape shrub that has demonstrated its potential to be invasive in numerous states across the central and northern United States. Nine cultivars were evaluated for their potential to produce fruits and seeds in a randomized, replicated field planting. Seeds from all cultivars were evaluated for germination rate and initial survival in a deciduous woodland. Seeds collected from ‘Compactus’ were also sown in five natural environments (full sun meadow, edge of woods, moist woods, dry woods, pine woods) to determine which habitat types support its germination and establishment. Seed production for cultivars varied from 981 to 6090 seeds per plant. The dry deciduous woods and pine woods were the only environments that supported significant germination rates that could be as high as 37.8%. Seedling survival was at least 77% in the deciduous dry woods and at least 55% in the pine woods. In the first replication, establishment rates for cultivars in the dry deciduous woods ranged from a low of 6.5% for ‘Odom’ Little Moses™ to a high of 42.5% for ‘Monstrosus’. In the second replication, all cultivars achieved over 30% establishment and most exceeded 40% establishment. An estimate of the annual seedling contribution per plant per cultivar was calculated by combining seed production data with establishment data for each cultivar. This estimate was predicted to range from 588 to 3763 and therefore none of the nine cultivars evaluated should be considered non-invasive based on our findings. Our findings show that germination and seedling survival rates are high for E. alatus and because the species is long-lived, cultivars will likely have to be completely seed-sterile to be considered non-invasive according to demographic models.

scholarly journals Effect of Nodal Position of Fruits on Seed Quality of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench)

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Satbir Singh Jakhar ◽  
Anil Kumar Malik ◽  
Sangeet Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Nodal Position

The present study was carried out in the field and laboratory of the Department of Seed Science and Technology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana during 2018-2019 to know the effect of nodal position of fruits on seed quality of okra. The parameters recorded during laboratory studies were i.e. germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour indices-1 & 2 and field studies were i.e. field emergence index, seedling establishment. The results indicated that the best nodal position of fruits for quality seed production was middle nodes (6th to 10th) as compared to lower nodes (1st to 5th) and upper nodes (11th to 15th) and the control.

scholarly journals Four Cultivars of Japanese Barberry Demonstrate Differential Reproductive Potential under Landscape Conditions

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 762-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Lehrer ◽  
Mark H. Brand ◽  
Jessica D. Lubell
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Berberis Thunbergii ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Japanese Barberry ◽  
Landscape Plants

While japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii DC.) is an acknowledged invasive plant naturalized throughout the eastern and northern U.S., the danger posed by its popular horticultural forms is unknown and controversial. This work analyzed the reproductive potential and seedling growth of four ornamental genotypes important to the nursery industry. Fruit and seed production was quantified in 2001, 2002, and 2003 for multiple landscape plants of B.t. var. atropurpurea, `Aurea', `Crimson Pygmy', and `Rose Glow'. The average number of seeds produced per landscape specimen ranged from lows of 75 and 90 for `Aurea' and `Crimson Pygmy' to 2968 for var. atropurpurea and 762 for `Rose Glow'. Seed production relative to canopy surface area for `Rose Glow' was similar to `Aurea' and `Crimson Pygmy' and all three cultivars were less prolific than var. atropurpurea in this regard. Cleaned and stratified seeds from var. atropurpurea, `Crimson Pygmy' and `Rose Glow' showed an average greenhouse germination rate of 70% to 75%, while `Aurea' yielded 46% germination. A subpopulation of seedlings from each genotype accession was grown further outdoors in containers for a full season to ascertain seedling vigor and development. The vigor of 1-year-old seedlings, as measured by dry weight of canopy growth, for progeny derived from `Aurea' (0.70 g) and `Crimson Pygmy' (0.93 g) was significantly less than var. atropurpurea (1.20 g) and `Rose Glow' (1.33 g). These results demonstrate that popular japanese barberry cultivars express disparate reproductive potential that, after further study, may be correlated with invasive potential. Some popular commercial cultivars may pose significantly less ecological risk than others.

scholarly journals Suggestions on increasing the germination seeds of pasture fodder plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 04033
Author(s):  
Bakhadir Mirzaev ◽  
Farmon Mamatov ◽  
Bakhtiyor Tulaganov ◽  
Amir Sadirov ◽  
Rustam Khudayqulov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
Fodder Plants ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Positive Effect

One of the problems in the seed production of pasture forage plants is low seed germination. Existing pasture improvement technologies and technical means for seed production, harvesting, post-harvest handling, and storage of pasture forage plants are analysed. Suggestions for improving seed germination have been developed: it is advisable to place the seed crops between the forest belts; to improve seed germination, it is necessary to make a preliminary harvest of seed crops with spreading the mass on the stubble; the mechanised collection of seed heaps using a rotary mower with an active heap separator increases the germination rate by reducing mechanical damage to the seeds and enriching the soil with organic matter; the seed sowing process has a positive effect on the germination rate of the seed produced, in addition to reducing cleaning costs.

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