The ground state of the hydrogen molecule on the basis of the relativistic quantum mechanics with the aid of the Wang wave function

1959 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ladik
Author(s):  
E. Schrödinger

The paper first scrutinizes thoroughly the variety of compositions which lead to the same quantum-mechanical mixture (as opposed to state or pure state). With respect to a given mixture every state has a definite probability (or mixing fraction) between 0 and 1 (including the limits), which is calculated from the mixtures Statistical Operator and the wave function of the state in question.A well-known example of mixtures occurs when a system consists of two separated parts. If the wave function of the whole system is known, either part is in the situation of a mixture, which is decomposed into definite constituents by a definite measuring programme to be carried out on the other part. All the conceivable decompositions (into linearly independent constituents) of the first system are just realized by all the possible measuring programmes that can be carried out on the second one. In general every state of the first system can be given a finite chance by a suitable choice of the programme.It is suggested that these conclusions, unavoidable within the present theory but repugnant to some physicists including the author, are caused by applying non-relativistic quantum mechanics beyond its legitimate range. An alternative possibility is indicated.


Dirac’s theory of relativistic quantum mechanics leads to the problem of solving a set of four partial differential equations for the four components of the wave function. Solutions of these equations in the case where the potential is a function of the radial co-ordinate only were obtained by Darwin. It is proved that these solutions form a complete set in the sense that we can simultaneously expand four arbitrary functions in terms of them.


2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (07) ◽  
pp. 479-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. GOLDMAN

A description of neutrino oscillation phenomena is presented which is based on relativistic quantum mechanics with four-momentum conservation. This is different from both conventional approaches which arbitrarily use either equal energies or equal momenta for the different neutrino mass eigenstates. Both entangled state and source dependence aspects are also included. The time dependence of the wave function is found to be crucial to recovering the conventional result to second order in the neutrino masses. An ambiguity appears at fourth order which generally leads to source dependence, but the standard formula can be promoted to this order by a plausible convention.


2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 4157-4167 ◽  
Author(s):  
VICTOR L. MIRONOV ◽  
SERGEY V. MIRONOV

We demonstrate a generalization of relativistic quantum mechanics using eight-component octonic wave function and octonic spatial operators. It is shown that the second-order equation for octonic wave function describing particles with spin 1/2 can be reformulated in the form of a system of first-order equations for quantum fields, which is analogous to the system of Maxwell equations for the electromagnetic field. It is established that for the special types of wave functions the second-order equation can be reduced to the single first-order equation analogous to the Dirac equation. At the same time it is shown that this first-order equation describes particles, which do not have quantum fields.


1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 883-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Greenwood ◽  
E. Prugovečki

1991 ◽  
Vol 253 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Gyorffy

The symmetry properties of the Dirac equation, which describes electrons in relativistic quantum mechanics, is rather different from that of the corresponding Schr6dinger equation. Consequently, even when the velocity of light, c, is much larger than the velocity of an electron Vk, with wave vector, k, relativistic effects may be important. For instance, while the exchange interaction is isotropic in non-relativistic quantum mechanics the coupling between spin and orbital degrees of freedom in relativistic quantum mechanics implies that the band structure of a spin polarized metal depends on the orientation of its magnetization with respect to the crystal axis. As a consequence there is a finite set of degenerate directions for which the total energy of the electrons is an absolute minimum. Evidently, the above effect is the principle mechanism of the magneto crystalline anisotropy [1]. The following session will focus on this and other qualitatively new relativistic effects, such as dichroism at x-ray frequencies [2] or Fano effects in photo-emission from non-polarized solids [3].


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