THe effects of suppressed bone remodeling by bisphosphonates on microdamage accumulation and degree of mineralization in the cortical bone of dog rib

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (S1) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Mashiba ◽  
S. Mori ◽  
S. Komatsubara ◽  
Y. Cao ◽  
T. Manabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Degree Of Mineralization ◽  
Microdamage Accumulation

Effects of a high-fat/high-sucrose diet on cortical bone remodeling and biomechanics

1989 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1046
Author(s):  
Kung-Chia Li ◽  
Ronald F. Zernicke ◽  
R. James Barnard ◽  
Anna F.-Y. Li
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Sucrose Diet ◽  
Cortical Bone Remodeling ◽  
High Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose

The Effect of Number of Cycles on Microdamage Accumulation in Bovine Trabecular Bone

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara L. Arthur Moore ◽  
Lorna J. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Repetitive Motion ◽  
Microdamage Accumulation ◽  
Lower Load ◽  
Small Cracks ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Fatigue Microdamage

Abstract Microdamage, in the form of small cracks, exists in healthy bone. Microdamage can be created by an overload or by repetitive motion (fatigue) during daily activities. Usually, microdamage is repaired during bone remodeling and a steady state is maintained. However, in cases of excessive microdamage creation or slowed bone remodeling, microdamage can coalesce to create a fracture. Our previous work [1,2] has investigated microdamage accumulation with increasing strain in bovine trabecular bone loaded in monotonic compression and compressive fatigue. Specimens fatigued at relatively high load levels fail after a few loading cycles, while specimens fatigued at lower load levels may undergo thousands of cycles before failure. During high cycle fatigue, microdamage may accumulate by the growth of pre-existing microcracks, as well as by the crack initiation seen in low cycle fatigue.

scholarly journals Skeletal response to whole body vibration and dietary calcium and phosphorus in growing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 3369-3378
Author(s):  
Chelsie J Huseman ◽  
Dennis H Sigler ◽  
Thomas H Welsh ◽  
Larry J Suva ◽  
Martha M Vogelsang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Collagen Crosslinks ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Osteogenic Response

AbstractThe quality and strength of the skeleton is regulated by mechanical loading and adequate mineral intake of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). Whole body vibration (WBV) has been shown to elicit adaptive responses in the skeleton, such as increased bone mass and strength. This experiment was designed to determine the effects of WBV and dietary Ca and P on bone microarchitecture and turnover. A total of 26 growing pigs were utilized in a 60-d experiment. Pigs were randomly assigned within group to a 2 × 2 factorial design with dietary Ca and P concentration (low and adequate) as well as WBV. The adequate diet was formulated to meet all nutritional needs according to the NRC recommendations for growing pigs. Low Ca, P diets had 0.16% lower Ca and 0.13% lower P than the adequate diet. Pigs receiving WBV were vibrated 30 min/d, 3 d/wk at a magnitude of 1 to 2 mm and a frequency of 50 Hz. On days 0, 30, and 60, digital radiographs were taken to determine bone mineral content by radiographic bone aluminum equivalency (RBAE) and serum was collected to measure biochemical markers of bone formation (osteocalcin, OC) and bone resorption (carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks, CTX-I). At day 60, pigs were euthanized and the left third metacarpal bone was excised for detailed analysis by microcomputed tomography (microCT) to measure trabecular microarchitecture and cortical bone geometry. Maximum RBAE values for the medial or lateral cortices were not affected (P > 0.05) by WBV. Pigs fed adequate Ca and P tended (P = 0.10) to have increased RBAE max values for the medial and lateral cortices. WBV pigs had significantly decreased serum CTX-1 concentrations (P = 0.044), whereas animals fed a low Ca and P diet had increased (P < 0.05) OC concentrations. In bone, WBV pigs showed a significantly lower trabecular number (P = 0.002) and increased trabecular separation (P = 0.003), whereas cortical bone parameters were not significantly altered by WBV or diet (P > 0.05). In summary, this study confirmed the normal physiological responses of the skeleton to a low Ca, P diet. Interestingly, although the WBV protocol utilized in this study did not elicit any significant osteogenic response, decreases in CTX-1 in response to WBV may have been an early local adaptive bone response. We interpret these data to suggest that the frequency and amplitude of WBV was likely sufficient to elicit a bone remodeling response, but the duration of the study may not have captured the full extent of an entire bone remodeling cycle.

The evaluation of cortical bone remodeling with a new ultrasonic technique

1990 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Zimmerman ◽  
A. Meunier ◽  
J.L. Katz ◽  
P. Christel
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Ultrasonic Technique ◽  
Cortical Bone Remodeling

scholarly journals CCR3 deficiency is associated with increased osteoclast activity and reduced cortical bone volume in adult male mice

2020 ◽  
pp. jbc.RA120.015571
Author(s):  
Sara Rosendahl ◽  
Rima Sulniute ◽  
Michaela Eklund ◽  
Cecilia Koskinen Holm ◽  
Marcus J. O. Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Chemokine Receptors ◽  
Osteoclast Formation ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Primary Mouse ◽  
Deficient Mice

Increasing evidence emphasizes the importance of chemokines and chemokine receptors as regulators of bone remodeling. The C-C chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3) is dramatically up-regulated during osteoclastogenesis but the role of CCR3 in osteoclast formation and bone remodeling in adult mice is unknown. Herein, we used bone marrow macrophages (BMM) derived from adult male CCR3-proficient and -deficient mice to study the role of CCR3 in osteoclast formation and activity. CCR3 deficiency was associated with formation of giant hypernucleated osteoclasts, enhanced bone resorption when cultured on bone slices and altered mRNA expression of related chemokine receptors and ligands. Additionally, primary mouse calvarial osteoblasts isolated from CCR3-deficient mice showed increased mRNA expression of the osteoclast activator related gene, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (Rankl), and osteoblast differentiation associated genes. Micro-computed tomography analyses of femurs from CCR3-deficient mice revealed a bone phenotype that entailed less cortical thickness and volume. Consistent with our in vitro studies, the number of osteoclasts did not differ between the genotypes in vivo. Moreover, an increased endo-cortical osteoid mineralization rate and higher trabecular and cortical bone formation rate was displayed in CCR3-deficient mice. Collectively, our data show that CCR3 deficiency influences osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and that it is associated with thinner cortical bone in adult male mice.

Contrast-enhanced micro-computed tomography of fatigue microdamage accumulation in human cortical bone

Bone ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Landrigan ◽  
Jiliang Li ◽  
Travis L. Turnbull ◽  
David B. Burr ◽  
Glen L. Niebur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Human Cortical Bone ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Microdamage Accumulation ◽  
Fatigue Microdamage
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