scholarly journals Abnormal end-tidal CO2 waveforms

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 754-754
Author(s):  
Jonathan L. Benumof
Keyword(s):  
End Tidal ◽  
End Tidal Co2

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory Functioning in Youth with Persistent Post-Concussion Symptoms: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 561
Author(s):  
Aliyah Snyder ◽  
Christopher Sheridan ◽  
Alexandra Tanner ◽  
Kevin Bickart ◽  
Molly Sullan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
The Past ◽  
Neurobehavioral Outcomes ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
End Tidal Co2

Dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) may play an important role in the development and maintenance of persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS). Post-injury breathing dysfunction, which is influenced by the ANS, has not been well-studied in youth. This study evaluated cardiorespiratory functioning at baseline in youth patients with PPCS and examined the relationship of cardiorespiratory variables with neurobehavioral outcomes. Participants were between the ages of 13–25 in two groups: (1) Patients with PPCS (concussion within the past 2–16 months; n = 13) and (2) non-injured controls (n = 12). Capnometry was used to obtain end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), oxygen saturation (SaO2), respiration rate (RR), and pulse rate (PR) at seated rest. PPCS participants exhibited a reduced mean value of EtCO2 in exhaled breath (M = 36.3 mmHg, SD = 2.86 mmHg) and an altered inter-correlation between EtCO2 and RR compared to controls. Neurobehavioral outcomes including depression, severity of self-reported concussion symptoms, cognitive catastrophizing, and psychomotor processing speed were correlated with cardiorespiratory variables when the groups were combined. Overall, results from this study suggest that breathing dynamics may be altered in youth with PPCS and that cardiorespiratory outcomes could be related to a dimension of neurobehavioral outcomes associated with poorer recovery from concussion.

End-tidal CO2 pressure in the monitoring of cardiac output during canine hemorrhagic shock

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaldo Dubin ◽  
Carlos Silva ◽  
Gladys Calvo ◽  
Javier Valli ◽  
Osvaldo Fariña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
End Tidal Co2

END-TIDAL CO2 AFFECTED BY INSPIRATORY TIME AND FLOW WAVEFORM–TIME FOR A CHANGE

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Banner ◽  
Philip G. Boysen ◽  
Samsun Lampotang ◽  
Marc J. Jaeger
Keyword(s):  
Flow Waveform ◽  
Inspiratory Time ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
End Tidal Co2

END TIDAL CO2 AND HIGH DOSE EPINEPHRINE DURING CARDIAC ARREST IN HUMANS

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman A. Paradis ◽  
Gerard B. Martin ◽  
Emanuel P. Rivers ◽  
Mark G. Goetting ◽  
Timothy J. Appleton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
High Dose ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
End Tidal Co2

scholarly journals Non-invasive assessment of fluid responsiveness by changes in partial end-tidal CO2 pressure during a passive leg-raising maneuver

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Ignacio Monge García ◽  
Anselmo Gil Cano ◽  
Manuel Gracia Romero ◽  
Rocío Monterroso Pintado ◽  
Virginia Pérez Madueño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Responsiveness ◽  
Passive Leg Raising ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
End Tidal Co2

4-Chloro-m-cresol Triggers Malignant Hyperthermia in Susceptible Swine at Doses Greatly Exceeding Those Found in Drug Preparations

1999 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 1723-1732. ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Iaizzo ◽  
Brooks A. Johnson ◽  
Kaoru Nagao ◽  
William J. Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Hyperthermia ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
In Vivo Effects ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
End Tidal Co2 ◽  
Cardiovascular Reactions

Background Chlorocresols are used as preservatives in numerous commercial drugs that have been shown to induce myoplasmic Ca2+ release; the most potent isoform is 4-chloro-m-cresol. The aims of this study were to (1) examine the in vivo effects of 4-chloro-m-cresol on swine susceptible to malignant hyperthermia and (2) contrast in vivo versus in vitro dose-response curves. Methods Susceptible swine (weight: 38.5 kg+/-3.55 kg) were anesthetized and monitored for variations in physiological responses, including end-tidal CO2, heart rate, blood pressure, blood chemistry, and temperatures. In the first animals studied, 4-chloro-m-cresol, at equivalent cumulative doses of 0.14, 0.28, 0.57, 1.14, 2.27, 4.54, and 9.08 mg/kg (n = 3; 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 micromol) were administered, and in a second group, larger doses were used: 1.14, 3.41, 7.95, 17.04 (n = 4), and/or 35.22 (n = 1) mg/kg (100, 300, 700, 1,500, and/or 3,100 micromol). For comparison, in vitro rectus abdominis muscle preparations obtained from normal and susceptible swine were exposed to 4-chloro-m-cresol, at cumulative concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1,600 micromol; standard caffeine and halothane contracture testing was also performed. Results Episodes of malignant hyperthermia were not triggered in response to administration of low doses of 4-chloro-m-cresol, but transient cardiovascular reactions (e.g., tachycardia, arrhythmias, and hypotension) were observed. Subsequently, episodes in these animals were triggered when halothane (0.87; 1 MAC) and succinylcholine (2 mg/kg) were given. Animals administered the higher doses of 4-chloro-m-cresol all had fulminant episodes of malignant hyperthermia that were fatal, when equivalent cumulative concentrations were greater than 1,500 micromol. The levels of 4-chloro-m-cresol in the plasma rapidly decreased: e.g., 5 min postadministration of the 1,500-micromol dose, the mean plasma level was only 52+/-18 micromol (n = 4). Hemolysis was detected following 4-chloro-m-cresol administration at concentrations > 200 micromol. In vitro, muscle from susceptible animals elicited contractures > 200 mg at 50-micromol bath concentrations of 4-chloro-m-cresol (n = 29), whereas normal muscle did not elicit such contractures until bath concentrations were > 800 micromol (n = 10). Conclusions 4-chloro-m-cresol is a trigger of malignant hyperthermia in susceptible swine, but only when serum concentrations are far above those likely to be encountered in humans. A relatively low concentration of 4-chloro-m-cresol, 50 micromol, is sufficient to activate sarcoplasmic [Ca+2] release in vitro (e.g., contractures); this same bolus dose administered in vivo (0.57 mg/kg) has minimal effects due to the rapid decrease in its plasma levels.

A Note of Caution About the Continuous Use of Colorimetric End-Tidal CO2 Detectors in Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 800-801
Author(s):  
Mananda S. Bhende ◽  
David LaCovey
Keyword(s):  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Dead Space ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
End Tidal Co2

Colorimetric end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) detectors (Easy Cap, Nellcor Inc, Hayward, CA) are extremely useful in determining the position of the endotracheal tube (ETT) in the airway and have been validated in animals, children, and adults.1-6 They have not been labelled for use in children weighing 15 kg because of their large dead space of 38 mL.1-3 We have demonstrated in numerous studies that the ETCO2 detector accurately verifies the ETT position in infants weighing >2 kg with spontaneous circulation.1-3

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