Sensing of moisture stress effects by infra-red thermometry in sorghum, maize and pearl millet

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Singh ◽  
D. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Infra Red

Moisture‐Stress Effects on the Yield Components of Two Soybean Cultivars 1

1979 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Momen ◽  
R. E. Carlson ◽  
R. H. Shaw ◽  
O. Arjmand
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Soybean Cultivars

scholarly journals Light reduction and moisture stress: effects on growth and water relations of western larch seedlings

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan C. Vance ◽  
Steven W. Running
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Western Larch ◽  
Light Reduction ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Reduced Height ◽  
Terminal Bud ◽  
Nighttime Temperatures

Ten-week-old western larch (Larixoccidentalis Nutt.) seedlings were grown in a greenhouse under 70, 37, and 27% full sunlight from late July to early October. In August, seedlings under each light treatment were repetitively water stressed until predawn leaf water potential (Bψ1) reached one of three levels: no stress (> −0.4 MPa), moderate stress (−0.7 to −1.0 MPa), and severe stress (−1.5 to −1.8 MPa). Moisture stressing significantly reduced height and diameter of seedlings grown under 70% light. Light reduction reduced shoot and root biomass accumulation. A positive linear relation was found between root dry weight and light intensity. The largest seedlings (on a weight basis) received the highest light, were unstressed, and had the lowest shoot/root ratios. Terminal bud set was not affected by light reduction or moisture stressing but occurred under a 14-h photoperiod and reduced nighttime temperatures. Stressed and shaded seedlings had significantly reduced diurnal K1 and stress-cycled seedlings showed an adjustment to stressing. The K1 of unstressed seedlings was correlated with humidity deficit (ABHD), and K1 of stressed seedlings, with Bψ1, and ABHD. Maximum K1 declined with decreasing Bψ1, but not to a level indicating complete stomatal closure.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SOIL MOISTURE STRESS ON UPTAKE AND RECOVERY OF TAGGED NITROGEN BY WHEAT

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. PAUL ◽  
R. J. K. MYERS
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Soil Moisture Stress ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
N Utilization

Labelled 15NH4NO3 was used in a growth chamber to study the effect of moisture stress on the utilization of nitrogen by wheat. This made it possible to determine the recovery of nitrogen (N) in the soil-plant system of two Chernozemic soils. Moisture stress effects were less evident in a clay soil than in a loam. Approximately 55% of the N utilized by the growing plants came from organic soil-N mineralized during the growing period. From 59 to 71% of the initial fertilizer plus soil mineral-N was utilized by the plants. Twenty to 36% remained in the soil, and 1 to 17% was lost. Losses were greatest in soils exposed to high moisture stress and were related to the residual NO3-N levels in the soil. They were attributed to denitrification. Immobilization of N was highest at low moisture stress where plant growth was the greatest, but mineralization was unaffected by the moisture stress applied. It was estimated that 5.0 to 6.2 kg N were required to produce 100 kg of wheat, the highest efficiency of N utilization being obtained at low soil moisture stress.

scholarly journals A Laboratory Technique to Screen Seedling Emergence of Sorghum and Pearl Millet at High Soil Temperature

1985 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Soman ◽  
J. M. Peacock
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
High Soil ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
High Soil Temperature ◽  
Clay Pots

SUMMARYApparatus was built to screen sorghum and pearl millet for seedling emergence through a hot soil surface. Seeds were sown in soil in long clay pots arranged in a steel water tank so that the top 7 cm of the pots was above the water level. The soil in the pots was heated with infra-red lamps fitted to a frame above the tank. By adjusting the height of the frame the temperature of the soil could be changed. The system allows emerging plumules to be subjected to high soil temperatures (up to 50°C) but without water stress. Both crops exhibited genotypic differences in emergence.

scholarly journals Infra Red Thermography Reveals Transpirational Cooling in Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) Plants Under Heat Stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun K. Shanker ◽  
Divya Bhanu ◽  
Basudev Sarkar ◽  
S.K. Yadav ◽  
N. Jyothilakshmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Central Research Institute ◽  
Plant Phenotyping ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Stressed Plant

AbstractAn infra red thermographic analysis of well watered control and well watered heat stressed pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) was conducted at ICAR – Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture as a part of high resolution phenomics studies to identify the individual quantitative physiological parameters by plant phenotyping that form the basis for more complex abiotic stress tolerant traits. It was seen that the temperature gradient increased gradually from ground level to the top in the control non heat stressed plant. In contrast, it was seen that in the heat stressed plant the temperature increased up to the middle of the plant and then started to decrease at the top of the plant in comparison with the non heat stressed control plant. Our results indicate that the lowering of temperatures in the top of the heat stressed plant may be a mechanism by which the heat stressed plant acclimates to stress by regulating its transpiration thereby bringing in a cooling effect to counter stress.

Moisture Stress Effects on Biomass Partitioning in Two Sonoran Desert Annuals

1982 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stan R. Szarek ◽  
Stanley D. Smith ◽  
Randy D. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Biomass Partitioning ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Desert Annuals

scholarly journals GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF PEARL MILLET FOR THE ARID ZONE OF NORTHWESTERN INDIA: LESSONS FROM TWO DECADES OF COLLABORATIVE ICRISAT-ICAR RESEARCH

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. BIDINGER ◽  
O. P. YADAV ◽  
E. WELTZIEN RATTUNDE
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Northwestern India ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Total Acreage ◽  
Traditional Landraces

SUMMARYThe arid zone of northwestern India is a unique adaptation zone for crop plants because of its pervasive severe moisture stress and high temperatures. Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a major cereal in this zone as it represents approximately 25% of the total acreage of the crop in the country. Pearl millet hybrid cultivars, which have gained widespread acceptance from farmers elsewhere in the country, have not been adopted in the arid zone. Farmers continue to sow their traditional landraces because the yield advantage of current hybrids is not expressed in this zone, and the risk of failure in poor years with the hybrids is unacceptably high. The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics and the Indian Council of Agricultural Research have been collaborating to understand the unique nature of pearl millet in the arid zone since the late 1980s. This collaboration has produced a better understanding of how arid zone farmers manage their germplasm, of the unique features of this invaluable resource and of a range of ways of using this germplasm to produce well-adapted new varieties and hybrids that will meet the requirements of the farmers of the arid zone. It has been shown that new cultivars for the arid zone need to be based on parental materials, including traditional landraces that are specifically adapted to the arid zone. This paper summarizes the main lessons of nearly 20 years of this collaborative research.

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