Immunomodulatory activity of betulinic acid by producing pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of macrophages

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1087-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunha Yun ◽  
Shinha Han ◽  
Eunjung Park ◽  
Dongsool Yim ◽  
Sookyeon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

scholarly journals The Immunomodulatory Function of Vitamin D, with Particular Reference to SARS-CoV-2

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 1321
Author(s):  
Alberto Caballero-García ◽  
David C. Noriega ◽  
Hugo J. Bello ◽  
Enrique Roche ◽  
Alfredo Córdova-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Antibody Production ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Immunomodulatory Function ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
New Mutations

Vaccines are the only way to reduce the morbidity associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The appearance of new mutations urges us to increase the effectiveness of vaccines as a complementary alternative. In this context, the use of adjuvant strategies has improved the effectiveness of different vaccines against virus infections such as dengue, influenza, and common cold. Recent reports on patients infected by COVID-19 reveal that low levels of circulating vitamin D correlate with a severe respiratory insufficiency. The immunomodulatory activity of this micronutrient attenuates the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and at the same time, increases antibody production. Therefore, the present review proposes the use of vitamin D as adjuvant micronutrient to increase the efficacy of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Activity of Electrospun Polyhydroxyalkanoate Fiber Scaffolds Incorporating Olive Leaf Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4006
Author(s):  
Jose Gustavo De la Ossa ◽  
Alessandra Fusco ◽  
Bahareh Azimi ◽  
Jasmine Esposito Salsano ◽  
Maria Digiacomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Burst Release ◽  
Olive Leaf ◽  
Olive Leaf Extract ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Olive tree is a well-known source of polyphenols. We prepared an olive leaf extract (OLE) and characterized it via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. OLE was blended with different polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), namely, poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBHV) and polyhydroxybutyrate/poly(hydroxyoctanoate-co-hydroxydecanoate) (PHB/PHOHD), to produce fiber meshes via electrospinning: OLE/PHBV and OLE/ (PHB/PHOHD), respectively. An 80–90% (w/w%) release of the main polyphenols from the OLE/PHA fibers occurred in 24 h, with a burst release in the first 30 min. OLE and the produced fiber meshes were assayed using human dermal keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) to evaluate the expression of a panel of cytokines involved in the inflammatory process and innate immune response, such as the antimicrobial peptide human beta defensin 2 (HBD-2). Fibers containing OLE were able to decrease the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines at 6 h up to 24 h. All the PHA fibers allowed an early downregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines in 6 h, which is suggestive of a strong anti-inflammatory activity exerted by PHA fibers. Differently from pure OLE, PHB/PHOHD fibers (both with and without OLE) upregulated the expression of HBD-2. Our results showed that PHA fiber meshes are suitable in decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and the incorporation of OLE may enable indirect antibacterial properties, which is essential in wound healing and tissue regeneration.

scholarly journals Osmunda japonica Extract Suppresses Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines by Downregulating NF-κB Activation in Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts Infected with Oral Pathogenic Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2453
Author(s):  
Jihyoun Seong ◽  
Jinkyung Lee ◽  
Yun Kyong Lim ◽  
Weon-Jong Yoon ◽  
Seunggon Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts ◽  
Osmunda Japonica ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Periodontal diseases are caused by bacterial infection and may progress to chronic dental disease; severe inflammation may result in bone loss. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent bacterial infection or control inflammation. Periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) are responsible for the maintenance of tissue integrity and immune and inflammatory events in periodontal diseases. The formation of bacterial complexes by Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis is crucial in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. F. nucleatum is a facultative anaerobic species, considered to be a key mediator of dental plaque maturation and aggregation of other oral bacteria. P. gingivalis is an obligate anaerobic species that induces gingival inflammation by secreting virulence factors. In this study, we investigated whether Osmunda japonica extract exerted anti-inflammatory effects in primary PDLFs stimulated by oral pathogens. PDLFs were stimulated with F. nucleatum or P. gingivalis. We showed that pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6 and IL-8) expression was induced by LPS or bacterial infection but decreased by treatment with O. japonica extract following bacterial infection. We found that the activation of NF-κB, a transcription factor for pro-inflammatory cytokines, was modulated by O. japonica extract. Thus, O. japonica extract has immunomodulatory activity that can be harnessed to control inflammation.

Cytokine synergy, collagenases and cartilage collagen breakdown

2003 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim E. Cawston ◽  
Jenny M. Milner ◽  
Jon B. Catterall ◽  
Andrew D. Rowan
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Activator Protein 1 ◽  
Activator Protein ◽  
And Cartilage ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

We have investigated proteinases that degrade cartilage collagen. We show that pro-inflammatory cytokines act synergistically with oncastatin M to promote cartilage collagen resorption by the up-regulation and activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The precise mechanisms are not known, but involve the up-regulation of c-fos, which binds to MMP promoters at a proximal activator protein-1 (AP-1) site. This markedly up-regulates transcription and leads to higher levels of active MMP proteins.

Inhibition of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion by Select Antioxidants in Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Haas ◽  
Marilu Jurado-Flores ◽  
Ramadan Hammoud ◽  
Victoria Feng ◽  
Krista Gonzales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Cytokine Secretion ◽  
Human Coronary Artery ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract. Inflammatory and oxidative stress in endothelial cells are implicated in the pathogenesis of premature atherosclerosis in diabetes. To determine whether high-dextrose concentrations induce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) were exposed to either 5.5 or 27.5 mM dextrose for 24-hours and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α) levels were measured by enzyme immunoassays. To determine the effect of antioxidants on inflammatory cytokine secretion, cells were also treated with α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, and the glutathione peroxidase mimetic ebselen. Only the concentration of IL-1β in culture media from cells exposed to 27.5 mM dextrose increased relative to cells maintained in 5.5 mM dextrose. Treatment with α-tocopherol (10, 100, and 1,000 μM) and ascorbic acid (15, 150, and 1,500 μM) at the same time that the dextrose was added reduced IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 levels in culture media from cells maintained at 5.5 mM dextrose but had no effect on IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 levels in cells exposed to 27.5 mM dextrose. However, ebselen treatment reduced IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 levels in cells maintained in either 5.5 or 27.5 mM dextrose. IL-2 and TNF α concentrations in culture media were below the limit of detection under all experimental conditions studied suggesting that these cells may not synthesize detectable quantities of these cytokines. These results suggest that dextrose at certain concentrations may increase IL-1β levels and that antioxidants have differential effects on suppressing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in HCAEC.

Saponins from saffron corms inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines at both protein and gene levels

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Keller ◽  
S Fankhauser ◽  
N Giezendanner ◽  
M König ◽  
F Keresztes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines
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