The inheritance of glume-length in a wheat gross (continued)

1923 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. Engledow
Keyword(s):  
Glume Length

An investigation upon certain metrical attributes of wheat plants

1922 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. Engledow ◽  
J. P. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Glume Length ◽  
The Subject

In dealing with the Inheritance of Glume-Length [Engledow(1)] there were encountered certain problems relating to metrical characters. As it appeared that these problems must attach to all genetic work upon a metrical basis, they were made the subject of a separate investigation. A simple account of some of the difficulties experienced in connection with Glume-Length Inheritance will serve to formulate the problems.

scholarly journals Genetic architecture of quantitative trait loci associated with morphological and agronomic trait differences in a wild by cultivated barley cross

Genome ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 714-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gyenis ◽  
S.J. Yun ◽  
K.P. Smith ◽  
B.J. Steffenson ◽  
E. Bossolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Glume Length ◽  
Cultivated Barley

Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum is the progenitor of cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Domestication combined with plant breeding has led to the morphological and agronomic characteristics of modern barley cultivars. The objective of this study was to map the genetic factors that morphologically and agronomically differentiate wild barley from modern barley cultivars. To address this objective, we identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with plant height, flag leaf width, spike length, spike width, glume length in relation to seed length, awn length, fragility of ear rachis, endosperm width and groove depth, heading date, flag leaf length, number of tillers per plant, and kernel color in a Harrington/OUH602 advanced backcross (BC2F8) population. This population was genotyped with 113 simple sequence repeat markers. Thirty QTLs were identified, of which 16 were newly identified in this study. One to 4 QTLs were identified for each of the traits except glume length, for which no QTL was detected. The portion of phenotypic variation accounted for by individual QTLs ranged from about 9% to 54%. For traits with more than one QTL, the phenotypic variation explained ranged from 25% to 71%. Taken together, our results reveal the genetic architecture of morphological and agronomic traits that differentiate wild from cultivated barley.

A HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF SEED SHATTERING IN REED CANARY GRASS

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Bonin ◽  
B. P. Goplen
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Reed Canary Grass ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Seed Shattering ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Glume Length ◽  
Canary Grass ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Days After Anthesis

Individual spikelets of reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) were examined histologically to determine the mechanism of seed shattering. It was observed that shattering is a two-stage process, involving disarticulation of the rachilla approximately 12 days after anthesis, followed by subsequent release of the seed from the glumes. In both high- and low-shattering greenhouse-grown material no spikelets were observed histologically in which the seed was still attached later than 14 days after anthesis. In low-shattering clones the glumes retained the seed within the spikelet. No clear-cut histological differences in glume structure were observed between high- and low-shattering clones. The presence of a constriction at the base of the glumes of some spikelets of high-shattering clones requires further investigation since this indicates the possibility of selection based on glume morphology. Differences in glume length and seed weight among clones were not significantly correlated with shattering percentage. However, within clones, shattered seeds were heavier than non-shattered seeds.

scholarly journals OsKinesin-13A Is an Active Microtubule Depolymerase Involved in Glume Length Regulation via Affecting Cell Elongation

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Yun Deng ◽  
Ling Tong Liu ◽  
Tang Li ◽  
Song Yan ◽  
Bai Jian Kuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Elongation ◽  
Glume Length ◽  
Length Regulation

scholarly journals The inheritance of glume length inTriticum Polonicum

1918 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. O. Backhouse
Keyword(s):  
Glume Length

Genome analysis of Thinopyrum bessarabicum and T. elongatum

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 722-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R. -C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reciprocal Cross ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Structural Rearrangements ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Glume Length ◽  
Thinopyrum Bessarabicum ◽  
I Cells

Thinopyrum bessarabicum (2n = 14; JJ) was successfully crossed with T. elongatum (2n = 14; EE) but the reciprocal cross failed. Five of the 19 F1 plants headed in a greenhouse without being vernalized. Spikes of F1 hybrids were intermediate to those of the parents for number of florets per spike, glume length, and the first rachis internode length, but similar to those of T. bessarabicum and T. elongatum for spike length and number of spikelets per spike, respectively. Karyotypes of mitotic chromosomes in the parental species revealed that three of the seven chromosomes in the J and E genomes were similar in length and arm ratio. Meiosis in the F1 hybrids substantiated the conclusion from karyotype analysis that the other four chromosomes had undergone some structural rearrangements such as reciprocal translocation. Metaphase-I cells in hybrid plants averaged 2.68 I, 4.68 II, 0.27 III, 0.27 IV, and 0.01 V. Although 10% of the pollen grains were stainable with I2–KI, F1 plants of T. bessarabicum × T. elongatum did not set seed upon selfing. It is concluded that the J and E genomes are so closely related that the E genome designation should be changed to Je. The evidence reported here supports the transfer of Lophopyrum elongatum to the genus Thinopyrum. Wheat breeders should be able to utilize the genes in T. bessarabicum as readily as those in T. elongatum.Key words: Genome, mitosis, meiosis, karyotype, idiogram, hybrid.

scholarly journals GENETIC COMPONENTS OF GRAIN CHARACTERS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
K. M. Iftekharuddaula ◽  
M. A. Newaz ◽  
P. S. Biswas ◽  
M. K. Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Model ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Gene Interaction ◽  
Components Of Variance ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Complete Dominance ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Glume Length ◽  
Recessive Genes

Hayman’s analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated importance of both additive and non-additive genetic components for all the grain characters. The ANOVA showed unidirectional dominance for the characters viz. kernel breadth, upper empty glume length and endosperm-embryo ratio, asymmetrical gene distribution for the characters viz. grain length, grain breadth, kernel length, kernel breadth and kernel thickness and residual dominance effects for all the grain characters studied. Five out of nine grain characters viz. grain breadth, grain thickness, kernel breadth, kernel thickness and upper empty glume length followed the simple additive-dominance genetic model. The rest of the grain characters showed nonallelic gene interaction or epistasis. According to Vr-Wr graph, partial dominance was involved in the action of genes governing the inheritance of grain breadth, grain thickness, kernel breadth and kernel thickness while complete dominance was involved in the inheritance of upper empty glume length. BR4828-54-4-1-4-9 contained the most of the recessive genes for four characters except upper empty glume length while Amol3 appeared to possess most of the recessive genes. On the other hand, Minikit for grain breadth, Amol3 for grain thickness and BRRI dhan29 for kernel breadth, kernel thickness and upper empty glume length possessed most of the dominant genes for the respective characters. The components of variance demonstrated involvement of both additive and dominant components in the inheritance of grain breadth, grain thickness, kernel breadth, kernel thickness and endosperm-embryo ratio. The distribution of dominant and recessive genes was unequal in the parents for grain breadth, kernel breadth, grain thickness, kernel thickness and upper empty glume length. Again, net dominance effects were in the negative direction for all the grain characters. There was drastic influence of environment on all the five grain characters following simple additive-dominance genetic model. Heritability in narrow sense (h2 n) was very high for grain breadth, grain thickness, kernel breadth and kernel thickness. However, h2 n for upper empty glume length was moderate. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v21i1.17047

Cytology, fertility, and morphology of Elymus kengii (Keng) Tzvelev and E. grandiglumis (Keng) A. Löve (Triticeae: Poaceae)

Genome ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin B. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Central China ◽  
Psathyrostachys Huashanica ◽  
Pseudoroegneria Spicata ◽  
Polyploid Evolution ◽  
Mode Of Reproduction ◽  
Psathyrostachys Juncea ◽  
Glume Length ◽  
Elymus Lanceolatus

This study reports on the cytogenetics, fertility, mode of reproduction, and morphological variation of two perennial Triticeae grasses, Elymus kengii (Keng) Tzvelev and Elymus grandiglumis (Keng) A. Löve, from west central China. Both species are allohexaploids (2n = 42), self-fertile, and morphologically distinct on the basis of their plant color, glume length, and lemma and rachis vestiture. F1 hybrids between these two species are partially fertile and morphologically intermediate to their parents. Analysis of chromosome pairing in hybrids between E. grandiglumis or E. kengii and the following "analyzer" species, Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski (NN), Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng (NN), Elymus lanceolatus (Scribn. &Smith) Gould (SSHH), Elymus dentatus (Hook. f.) Tzvelev ssp. ugamicus (Drob.) Tzvelev (SSYY), Elymus ciliaris (Trin.) Nevski (SSYY), Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) A Löve (SS), and Pseudoroegneria tauri (Boiss. &Bal.) A. Löve (SSPP), suggested that both taxa contain the S, Y, and P genomes. This represents a new genome combination not previously reported and shows that the P genome from the crested wheatgrasses (Agropyron) has been involved in polyploid evolution within the. Triticeae.Key words: genome, meiosis, chromosome pairing, interspecific hybrids, Elymus, Triticeae.

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