8th LCA case studies symposium increasing credibility of lca brussels, november 30, 2000

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Rebitzer
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Lca Case Studies

scholarly journals How Relevant Are Direct Emissions of Microplastics into Freshwater from an LCA Perspective?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9922
Author(s):  
Beatrice Salieri ◽  
Natasha Stoudmann ◽  
Roland Hischier ◽  
Claudia Som ◽  
Bernd Nowack
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Impact Category ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Small Contribution ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Freshwater Ecotoxicity ◽  
Characterization Factor ◽  
Lca Case Studies ◽  
The Impact

Microplastics are ubiquitous in ecosystems and a lot of research is being performed to understand their environmental fate and effects on organisms. However, the release and impact of MP has so far not been considered in LCA studies. This is due to missing information on the inventory side about microplastic releases and missing Characterization Factors to quantify the effects of MP. The goal of this study was to elucidate the relevance of MP release into freshwaters from an LCA perspective, by using worst-case assumptions. In accordance with the USEtox framework, an interim and simplified Characterization Factor for the impact category of freshwater ecotoxicity was calculated to be 3231 PAF·m3·d·kg−1. Applying this Characterization Factor, two LCA case studies were conducted, one on a polyester T-Shirt and one with a shower gel containing microplastics. The results show a small contribution of microplastics to the freshwater ecotoxicity for a scenario with state-of-the-art wastewater treatment. Different scenarios varying in microplastic release and removal during wastewater treatment and a sensitivity analysis of the Characterization Factor allowed identifying the potential range of the microplastic contribution to the overall ecotoxicity. In conclusion, the inclusion of microplastic release into LCA only marginally influences the overall environmental effects of the two products in the LCA case studies.

scholarly journals The common understanding of simplification approaches in published LCA studies—a review and mapping

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Tasala Gradin ◽  
Anna Björklund
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Inventory Analysis ◽  
Scientific Validity ◽  
Reporting Standard ◽  
Product Systems ◽  
Lca Practitioners ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Lca Case Studies ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Understanding

Abstract Purpose This paper aims to investigate the common understanding of the variety of simplifications in LCA, by reviewing what simplification approaches are described in LCA and propose how these simplifications can be categorised. Such an overview can give guidance to researchers/practitioners as to how they should document simplifications and explain their implications to decision-makers. Methods The basis for this study is a systematic literature review of simplification approaches in LCA, including both previously published overviews of categories of LCA simplification approaches and LCA case studies using different simplification approaches. The PRISMA statement protocol (Moher et al. 2009) was used to minimise the risk of bias, increase scientific validity and provide guidelines for conducting the review. Results and discussion In all, ten categories of simplification were identified in the literature. Initially, six simplification approaches were identified based on previous categories. However, not all approaches found in case studies fit into these six previously published categories; these were therefore examined and grouped with regard to what was simplified and how, and four additional categories were identified. The identified simplification categories were mapped and explained in terms of their role in the different stages of the LCA framework. Our results support the idea that simplifications in LCA are most often motivated by a lack of data. Most simplifications target the inventory analysis step, with an aim to reduce the inventory analysis effort. Conclusions and recommendations There is a need for a common simplification terminology and reporting standard. As this study shows, the categories of simplification from early studies remain relevant despite the development in LCA over the years, but additional categories are needed to cover the different types of simplification being applied in LCAs. What this study also highlights is despite recommendations that have been around for decades, there is still a lack of clear documentation of simplification with consistent terminology. One way, to ensure more transparent documentation of simplified studies and to improve the ability to interpret them and compare results, could be to include the development of a communication standard, with clear terminology as well as investigation of the applicability of different simplification approaches for different product systems and application areas. Due to the wide variety of purposes, scenarios and products assessed, it is impossible to devise a one-size-fits-all approach for simplifications. LCA practitioners need to describe, explain and evaluate the simplifications used.

16th SETAC Europe LCA case studies symposium

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-427
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Klos ◽  
Jedrzej Kasprzak
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Lca Case Studies

Corporate Sustainability: Challenge to Managerial Orthodoxies

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dexter Dunphy
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Corporate Sustainability ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Marked Contrast ◽  
Sustainability Management

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the issue of corporate sustainability. It examines why achieving sustainability is becoming an increasingly vital issue for society and organisations, defines sustainability and then outlines a set of phases through which organisations can move to achieve increasing levels of sustainability. Case studies are presented of organisations at various phases indicating the benefits, for the organisation and its stakeholders, which can be made at each phase. Finally the paper argues that there is a marked contrast between the two competing philosophies of neo-conservatism (economic rationalism) and the emerging philosophy of sustainability. Management schools have been strongly influenced by economic rationalism, which underpins the traditional orthodoxies presented in such schools. Sustainability represents an urgent challenge for management schools to rethink these traditional orthodoxies and give sustainability a central place in the curriculum.

Short-Form Application of the Screening Test of Spanish Grammar and the Northwestern Syntax Screening Test to Latino Children

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-235
Author(s):  
David L. Ratusnik ◽  
Carol Melnick Ratusnik ◽  
Karen Sattinger
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Latino Children ◽  
Data Application ◽  
York Metropolitan Area ◽  
Multiple Regression Technique

Short-form versions of the Screening Test of Spanish Grammar (Toronto, 1973) and the Northwestern Syntax Screening Test (Lee, 1971) were devised for use with bilingual Latino children while preserving the original normative data. Application of a multiple regression technique to data collected on 60 lower social status Latino children (four years and six months to seven years and one month) from Spanish Harlem and Yonkers, New York, yielded a small but powerful set of predictor items from the Spanish and English tests. Clinicians may make rapid and accurate predictions of STSG or NSST total screening scores from administration of substantially shortened versions of the instruments. Case studies of Latino children from Chicago and Miami serve to cross-validate the procedure outside the New York metropolitan area.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document