Removal and inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) by cold ethanol fractionation and pasteurization during the manufacturing of albumin and immunoglobulins from human plasma

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
In Seop Kim ◽  
Ho Gueon Eo ◽  
Chan Woo Park ◽  
Chong E. Chang ◽  
Soungmin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Cold Ethanol Fractionation

scholarly journals Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Engrafted with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1)-Specific Epitopes: Replication, Neutralization, and Survey of HIV-1-Positive Plasma

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 3030-3041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloisa Yuste ◽  
Hannah B. Sanford ◽  
Jill Carmody ◽  
Jacqueline Bixby ◽  
Susan Little ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Plasma Sample ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Neutralizing Activity ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT To date, only a small number of anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with relatively broad neutralizing activity have been isolated from infected individuals. Adequate techniques for defining how frequently antibodies of these specificities arise in HIV-infected people have been lacking, although it is generally assumed that such antibodies are rare. In order to create an epitope-specific neutralization assay, we introduced well-characterized HIV-1 epitopes into the heterologous context of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Specifically, epitope recognition sequences for the 2F5, 4E10, and 447-52D anti-HIV-1 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies were introduced into the corresponding regions of SIVmac239 by site-directed mutagenesis. Variants with 2F5 or 4E10 recognition sequences in gp41 retained replication competence and were used for neutralization assays. The parental SIVmac239 and the neutralization-sensitive SIVmac316 were not neutralized by the 2F5 and 4E10 MAbs, nor were they neutralized significantly by any of the 96 HIV-1-positive human plasma samples that were tested. The SIV239-2F5 and SIV239-4E10 variants were specifically neutralized by the 2F5 and 4E10 MAbs, respectively, at concentrations within the range of what has been reported previously for HIV-1 primary isolates (J. M. Binley et al., J. Virol. 78:13232-13252, 2004). The SIV239-2F5 and SIV239-4E10 epitope-engrafted variants were used as biological screens for the presence of neutralizing activity of these specificities. None of the 92 HIV-1-positive human plasma samples that were tested exhibited significant neutralization of SIV239-2F5. One plasma sample exhibited >90% neutralization of SIV239-4E10, but this activity was not competed by a 4E10 target peptide and was not present in concentrated immunoglobulin G (IgG) or IgA fractions. We thus confirm by direct analysis that neutralizing activities of the 2F5 and 4E10 specificities are either rare among HIV-1-positive individuals or, if present, represent only a very small fraction of the total neutralizing activity in any given plasma sample. We further conclude that the structures of gp41 from SIVmac239 and HIV-1 are sufficiently similar such that epitopes engrafted into SIVmac239 can be readily recognized by the cognate anti-HIV-1 monoclonal antibodies.

DEVELOPMENT OF APPROACHES FOR DETECTION OF GENOME-INTEGRATED PROVIRAL DNA OF THE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV-1) IN ULTRA LOW CONCENTRATIONS USING THE CRISPR/CAS SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Tyumentseva ◽  
◽  
A.I. Tyumentsev ◽  
V.G. Akimkin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Proviral Dna ◽  
Guide Rnas ◽  
Ribonucleoprotein Complexes ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

For the effective functioning of supervisory and health monitoring services, it is necessary to introduce modern molecular technologies into their practice. Therefore, the task of developing new effective methods for detecting pathogen, for example HIV, based on CRISPR/CAS genome editing systems, remains urgent. In the present work, guide RNAs and specific oligonucleotides were developed for preliminary amplification of highly conserved regions of the HIV-1 genome. The developed guide RNAs make it possible to detect single copies of HIV-1 proviral DNA in vitro as part of CRISPR/CAS ribonucleoprotein complexes in biological samples after preliminary amplification.

Use of polimerase chain reaction for neonatal diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) perinatal infection

1994 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Márcia Mussi-Pinhata ◽  
Maria Célia C. Ferez ◽  
Dimas T. Covas ◽  
Geraldo Duarte ◽  
Márcia L. Isaac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Perinatal Infection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Neonatal Diagnosis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1
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