scholarly journals One-year increment of fat mass and lean body mass of Japanese school children using bioelectrical impedance

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-167
Author(s):  
Kazuyuki Kida ◽  
Yoshiko Nishizawa ◽  
Kumiko Saito ◽  
Hideo Nakamura ◽  
Hisao Fukuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
School Children ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
One Year

scholarly journals Improvement in body composition of adult postbariatric surgery patients at one-year follow-up at a public hospital in United Arab Emirates

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amita Attlee ◽  
◽  
Hayder Hasab ◽  
Latefa Mohammed Rashed ◽  
Muna Al-Haway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Postoperative Changes ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Background: Data on postoperative follow-ups and bariatric surgery (BS) outcomes performed in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are crucial for registry. This study assessed the one-year postoperative changes in body composition and metabolic profiles in BS patients. Methods: The medical and dietetics records of 51 adult patients who underwent BS in the largest public hospital in Sharjah, UAE were reviewed. Data on body weight and composition, as well as metabolic profile (blood glucose and lipid levels) from the initial until the last hospital visit were recorded. Results: The median (interquartile range) follow-up period was 6.0 (8.0) months. The patients had significant total weight loss [19.3 (12.6)%] and reduction in body mass index (BMI) [18.0 (13.6)%] of approximately 7 BMI points. Moreover, the patients’ body composition improved significantly; loss was the highest in fat mass [–30.9 (22.1)%] and the least in lean body mass [–8.6 (8.4)%]. There was a steady decline in all body composition variables with a longer duration of follow-up visits from 1–3 months to 10–12 months. The fat mass (–40.3%):lean body mass (–10.7%) loss ratio was 3.8:1 at 10–12 months. The patients’ metabolic status was normal during the last postoperative visit. Conclusions: Incremental improvements in body composition of patients were evident with longer follow-up visits up to one year after BS. Hence, patients should attend regular follow-up visits after BS. Moreover, accurate and complete documentations of medical and dietetics visits are mandated.

scholarly journals An assesment on the basal metabolic rate according to chosen variablesBazal metabolizma hizinin seçilmiş değişkenlere göre değerlendirilmesi

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1914 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bayram Temur
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
One Way Anova

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between basal metabolic rate (BMR), gender, height, body weight, age, body fat mass, lean body mass, right and left leg soft lean mass in 8-13-year old. A total of 98 people were included in the study, of which 66 were female and 32 were male. Subjects, ages, height lengths, body weights were determined. In addition, BMR, body fat mass (BFM), lean body mass (LBM), and right and left leg soft fat mass (SFM) values of the subjects were determined by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). The statistical analysis of the data was based on the independent sample t test for the comparison of the two groups of data and the one-way ANOVA for the analysis of the groups with more than two samples. As a result of the analysis, changes in some selected variables of Basal Metabolism Rate of the participants were observed and a statistically significant result was determined. As a result, it can be said that BMH is faster in males than females and increases with age. It was also observed that the increase in height, body weight, body fat mass, lean body mass, right and left leg soft lean mass affects BMR positively.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetBu çalışmayla, 8 - 13 yaş arası bireylerde bazal metabolizma hızının(BMH), cinsiyet, boy, vücut ağırlığı, yaş, vücut yağ kütlesi, yağsız vücut kütlesi, sağ ve sol bacak yumuşak yağsız kütle ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya 66’sı kadın, 32'si erkek olmak üzere toplam 98 kişi dahil edildi. Deneklerin, yaşları, boy uzunlukları, vücut ağırlıkları belirlendi. Ayrıca deneklerin BMH, Vücut yağ kütlesi (VYK), yağsız vücut kütlesi (YVK) ve sağ ve sol bacak yumuşak yağsız kütle (YYK) değerleri Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) cihazı ile saptandı. Verilerin istatistiksel analizin de iki grup olan verilerin karşılaştırılmasında indepentend sample t testi, ikiden fazla olan grupların analizinde ise One-way ANOVA kullanıldı. Analiz sonucunda katılımcıların Bazal Metabolizma Hızının Seçilmiş bazı değişkenler üzerinde değişiklikler görülmüş olup istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir sonuç tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, BMH' nın erkeklerde kadınlardan daha hızlı olduğunu, yaş ilerledikçe arttığı söylenebilir. Ayrıca boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, vücut yağ kütlesi, yağsız vücut kütlesi, sağ ve sol bacak yumuşak yağsız kütlesindeki artışın BMH'yi olumlu yönde etkilediği görüldü.

Comparison of the Effect of Soy protein and Whey protein on Body Composition: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Masoome Piri Damaghi ◽  
Atieh Mirzababaei ◽  
Sajjad Moradi ◽  
Elnaz Daneshzad ◽  
Atefeh Tavakoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage

Abstract Background: Essential amino acids (EAAs) promote the process of regulating muscle synthesis. Thus, whey protein that contains higher amounts of EAA can have a considerable effect on modifying muscle synthesis. However, there is insufficient evidence regarding the effect of soy and whey protein supplementation on body composition. Thus, we sought to perform a meta-analysis of published Randomized Clinical Trials that examined the effect of whey protein supplementation and soy protein supplementation on body composition (lean body mass, fat mass, body mass and body fat percentage) in adults. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, up to August 2020, for all relevant published articles assessing soy protein supplementation and whey protein supplementation on body composition parameters. We included all Randomized Clinical Trials that investigated the effect of whey protein supplementation and soy protein supplementation on body composition in adults. Pooled means and standard deviations (SD) were calculated using random-effects models. Subgroup analysis was applied to discern possible sources of heterogeneity. Results: After excluding non-relevant articles, 10 studies, with 596 participants, remained in this study. We found a significant increase in lean body mass after whey protein supplementation weighted mean difference (WMD: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.15, 1.67. P= 0.019). Subgroup analysis, for whey protein, indicated that there was a significant increase in lean body mass in individuals concomitant to exercise (WMD: 1.24; 95% CI: 0.47, 2.00; P= 0.001). There was a significant increase in lean body mass in individuals who received 12 or less weeks of whey protein (WMD: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.18, 2.63; P<0.0001). We observed no significant change between whey protein supplementation and body mass, fat mass, and body fat percentage. We found no significant change between soy protein supplementation and lean body mass, body mass, fat mass, and body fat percentage. Subgroup analysis for soy protein indicated there was a significant increase in lean body mass in individuals who supplemented for 12 or less weeks with soy protein (WMD: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.89; P< 0.0001). Conclusion: Whey protein supplementation significantly improved body composition via increases in lean body mass, without influencing fat mass, body mass, and body fat percentage.

scholarly journals Associations Between Tenofovir Diphosphate in Dried Blood Spots, Impaired Physical Function, and Fracture Risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Abdo ◽  
Ryan P Coyle ◽  
Sharon M Seifert ◽  
Jose R Castillo-Mancilla ◽  
Catherine M Jankowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Blood Spots ◽  
Hip Bmd ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Tenofovir Diphosphate

Abstract Background In this study, we evaluate associations between cumulative antiretroviral adherence/exposure, quantified using tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) in dried blood spots (DBS), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related aging factors. Methods This is a cross-sectional analysis of younger (ages 18–35) and older (ages ≥60) persons with HIV (PWH) taking TFV disoproxil fumarate. Tenofovir diphosphate concentrations were quantified in DBS. Linear and logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between TFV-DP and bone mineral density (BMD), physical function, frailty, and falls. Results Forty-five PWH were enrolled (23 younger, 22 older). Every 500 fmol/punch (equivalent to an increase in ~2 doses/week) increase in TFV-DP was associated with decreased hip BMD (−0.021 g/cm2; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.040 to −0.002; P = .03). Adjusting for total fat mass, every 500 fmol/punch increase in TFV-DP was associated with higher odds of Short Physical Performance Battery impairment (score ≤10; adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.6; 95% CI, 1.0–2.5; P = .04). Every 500 fmol/punch increase in TFV-DP was associated with slower 400-meter walk time (14.8 seconds; 95% CI, 3.8–25.8; P = .01) and remained significant after adjusting for age, lean body mass, body mass index (BMI), and fat mass (all P ≤ .01). Every 500 fmol/punch increase in TFV-DP was associated with higher odds of reporting a fall in the prior 6 months (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1–2.8; P = .02); this remained significant after adjusting for age, lean body mass, BMI, and total fat mass (all P &lt; .05). Conclusions Higher TFV-DP levels were associated with lower hip BMD, poorer physical function, and greater risk for falls, a concerning combination for increased fracture risk.

scholarly journals The Effects of Intermittent Fasting Combined with Resistance Training on Lean Body Mass: A Systematic Review of Human Studies

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2349
Author(s):  
Stephen Keenan ◽  
Matthew B. Cooke ◽  
Regina Belski
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Eligibility Criteria

Diets utilising intermittent fasting (IF) as a strategic method to manipulate body composition have recently grown in popularity, however, dietary practices involving fasting have also been followed for centuries for religious reasons (i.e., Ramadan). Regardless of the reasons for engaging in IF, the impacts on lean body mass (LBM) may be detrimental. Previous research has demonstrated that resistance training promotes LBM accrual, however, whether this still occurs during IF is unclear. Therefore, the objective of this review is to systematically analyse human studies investigating the effects of variations of IF combined with resistance training on changes in LBM in previously sedentary or trained (non-elite) individuals. Changes in body weight and fat mass, and protocol adherence were assessed as a secondary objective. This review followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed and SportDiscus databases were searched for articles investigating IF, combined with resistance training that reported measures of body composition. Eight studies met the eligibility criteria. LBM was generally maintained, while one study reported a significant increase in LBM. Body fat mass or percentage was significantly reduced in five of eight studies. Results suggest that IF paired with resistance training generally maintains LBM, and can also promote fat loss. Future research should examine longer-term effects of various forms of IF combined with resistance training compared to traditional forms of energy restriction. Prospero registration CRD42018103867.

scholarly journals Diet restriction and ageing in the dog: major observations over two decades

2007 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis F. Lawler ◽  
Brian T. Larson ◽  
Joan M. Ballam ◽  
Gail K. Smith ◽  
Darryl N. Biery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Diet Restriction ◽  
Cell Counts

This report reviews decade two of the lifetime diet restriction study of the dog. Labrador retrievers (n 48) were paired at age 6 weeks by sex and weight within each of seven litters, and assigned randomly within the pair to control-feeding (CF) or 25 % diet restriction (DR). Feeding began at age 8 weeks. The same diet was fed to all dogs; only the quantity differed. Major lifetime observations included 1·8 years longer median lifespan among diet-restricted dogs, with delayed onset of late life diseases, especially osteoarthritis. Long-term DR did not negatively affect skeletal maturation, structure or metabolism. Among all dogs, high static fat mass and declining lean body mass predicted death, most strongly at 1 year prior. Fat mass above 25 % was associated with increasing insulin resistance, which independently predicted lifespan and chronic diseases. Metabolizable energy requirement/lean body mass most accurately explained energy metabolism due to diet restriction; diet-restricted dogs required 17 % less energy to maintain each lean kilogram. Metabonomics-based urine metabolite trajectories reflected DR-related differences, suggesting that signals from gut microbiota may be involved in the DR longevity and health responses. Independent of feeding group, increased hazard of earlier death was associated with lower lymphoproliferative responses to phytohaemagglutinin, concanavalin A, and pokeweed mitogen; lower total lymphocytes, T-cells, CD4 and CD8 cells; lower CD8 percentages and higher B-cell percentages. When diet group was taken into account, PWM responses and cell counts and percentages remained predictive of earlier death.

scholarly journals Seasonal Body Composition Variation Amongst Elite European Professional Soccer Players: An Approach of Talent Identification

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Lee Owen ◽  
Carlos Lago-Peñas ◽  
Gordon Dunlop ◽  
Rouissi Mehdi ◽  
Moktar Chtara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
Composition Profiles

AbstractThe primary aim of the investigation was to study the seasonal changes in body composition in elite European soccer players and identify key playing positional differences. Twenty-two players (age = 24 ± 3.7 years, body height = 180.45 ± 5.12 cm, body mass = 76.66 ± 5.34 kg) were tested. Players’ mass (kg), lean body mass (LBM), fat free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), muscle girths (MG) and sum of 8 skinfolds (mm) were measured across 5 time points (T0 = Start of pre-season training; T1 = End of pre-season training; T2 = Mid-season; T3 = End of mid-season break; T4 = End of season). Players were divided into their tactical positional roles for analysis. The specific positions they were divided into included defenders (n = 8), midfielders (n = 8) and forwards (n = 6). Assessment of training and matchplay exposure were also recorded. Sites-4, Sites-7, Sites-8 and Fat Mass decreased dramatically from T0 to T1 and T2 in all playing positions (p < 0.01), while no remarkable differences were found between T2, T3 and T4. Except for defenders, calf girth and lean mass were higher in T2, T3 and T4 compared to T0 and T1 (p < 0.01). Midfielders were found to be leaner than forwards and defenders in all data collection time point sessions. Defenders showed higher values in calf girth and lean body mass than midfielders and forwards. It can be concluded from this investigation that there are large variances n positional body composition profiles amongst professional European soccer players. Furthermore, significant changes are prevalent and occur across the season from LBM, FFM, MG and skinfold assessment amongst European elite level soccer players.

scholarly journals Body Morphometrics in NAFLD Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harkeerat Dhami ◽  
Niharika Samala
Keyword(s):  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Introduction: NAFLD is one of the common causes of liver disease in the US and is commonly associated with metabolic syndrome. Among obese, prevalence of NAFLD is 7090%. We wanted to determine body morphometrics in NAFLD. Methods: All individuals presenting to Indiana University Hospital with NAFLD were approached to participate in cross-sectional study. All participants were offered beverage, diet (REAP) questionnaires and body composition analysis using InBody 570, which utilizes bioelectrical impedance. Results: Of the 321 NAFLD individuals enrolled, 256 completed body morphometric analysis. Mean age of the cohort was 51.58 ± 13.54, 58% were female, 297 White and had a mean BMI of 35.92. 76% were obese, 48% had type 2 diabetes, 49.2% had hypertension, 38.6% had dyslipidemia, and 20.5% had obstructive sleep apnea. Despite having similar BMI, females had lower lean body mass (51.01 vs 70.51) and skeletal muscle mass (28.05 vs 39.70), higher body fat mass (46.71 vs 41.04) and percent body fat (46.59 vs. 35.7). Regular coffee consumers had lower BMI (35.3 vs 38, p=0.038), but lower body fat mass (39.9 vs 46.2, p=0.01), percent body fat (41.1 vs 44.4, p=0.05) and higher lean body mass % (58.8 vs 55.5, p=0.049). Processed meat consumption was associated with higher BMI (39 vs 35.3, P=0.01), percent body fat (45.5 vs 42, p=0.04), and lower lean body mass percentage (54.5 vs 58.2, P=0.04). Similar trends were seen with consumption of high sodium processed foods and watching television for ≥ 2 hours/day. Conclusion: Among individuals with NAFLD, we saw a higher female preponderance, who were found to have unfavorable body morphometrics despite similar BMI as males. Consumption of high sodium processed food and meat and excess screen time have unfavorable, while regular coffee drinkers have favorable body morphometrics, which offer modifiable measures for risk factors associated with NAFLD.

DIABETES OR OBESITY; MAJOR EFFECTOR OF ALTERED LEVELS OF GHRELIN AND LEPTIN

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Lakshmi G.L ◽  
Shruti Dasgupta ◽  
Mohammed Salman ◽  
Sanjay K. R
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Mass Percentage ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Obese Subjects

Background: Ghrelin and leptin are the key hormones involved in the energy homeostasis and plays a relevant role in regulating hunger and satiety stimuli afferent to the brain. Abnormalities in the levels of ghrelin and leptin are often associated with the obesity and type 2 diabetes complications. However, there are no studies clarifying whether ghrelin and leptin levels have stronger association with obesity or Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Aims:To evaluate and compare the independent effect of major dening factors of obesity and diabetes on ghrelin and leptin concentrations. Materials And Methods: Anthropometric measures such as height, weight, waist (WC) and hip circumference (HC), Body mass index (BMI), Basal metabolic rate (BMR), fat percentage, lean body mass, were taken. Assessed daily physical activity and energy intake. Biochemical parameters such as fasting glucose, postprandial glucose, HBA1c, ghrelin, leptin and insulin levels were measured. Statistical Analysis: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Chi-square (χ2) test Pearson's correlation coefcients, Multiple stepwise linear regression model analysis were performed. Result: The diabetic subjects irrespective of obesity showed signicantly higher waist to hip ratio, HOMAIR levels of fasting blood glucose, postprandial glucose and signicantly lower levels of Ghrelin than non-diabetics. Similarly, obese subjects irrespective of diabetes have signicantly higher BMR and higher levels of Leptin than non-diabetics. Asignicantly higher BMI, fat mass percentage and lower lean body mass percentage were observed in obese subjects irrespective of diabetes than non-obese subjects. Among non-obese, diabetics have higher BMI, Fat mass percentage and lower lean body mass percentage. The levels of insulin were signicantly higher in diabetic obese subjects. HOMAIR (P≤0.0001) and Postprandial glucose (P≤0.05) showed negative independent effect and QUICKI (P≤0.0001) showed positive independent effect on the levels of ghrelin. BMI (P≤0.05) showed a positive effect and lean body mass percentage (P≤0.0001) showed an inverse effect on levels of leptin. Conclusion: It is evident from the study that low levels of ghrelin are predominantly associated with diabetes parameters when compared to parameters of obesity and on the contrary increased leptin levels have much stronger association with measures of obesity than diabetes. Evidence of altered leptin and ghrelin levels in these disorders infers vice versa, their respective roles in obesity and lean diabetes.

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