A Kinetic study of the reaction of zinc oxide with iron powder

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Donald ◽  
C. A. Pickles
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Iron Powder

Kinetic Study of Zinc Oxide Reduction by Methane

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ale Ebrahim ◽  
E. Jamshidi
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Oxide Reduction

The Chemistry of Vulcanization. VII. Role of Zinc Butyrate in the Reaction of Diphenylmethane, Sulfur and 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole

1960 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitsuo Tsurugi ◽  
Haruko Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Model Compound ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Zinc Salt ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Molecular Dispersion

Abstract In previous Parts of this series, the accelerating mechanism of thiazole type accelerators, namely, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), 2,2′-benzothiazolyl disulfide (MBTS) and zinc salt of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (ZMBT) in the absence of zinc oxide or zinc soap, was investigated with diphenylmethane (DPM) as a model compound of rubber hydrocarbon. The significance of DPM as a model was discussed in some of the earlier papers. Parts IV, V and VI of this series indicated that 2-mercaptobenzothiazolyl radical generated from accelerators splits the sulfur ring, and that the processes by which accelerators generate the radical differ with each other according to their types. These results were obtained in the absence of zinc oxide or zinc soap. The present study will report the role of zinc butyrate in the reaction involving DPM, sulfur and MBT. Experience in the industry indicates that zinc oxide (or zinc soap) is indispensable to the thiazole type accelerators and that the efficiency of zinc oxide or soap is more prominent in MBT than in MBTS or ZMBT. The results obtained in the previous papers also suggest that zinc oxide or soap may have an influence on the rate at which the accelerator generates 2-mercaptobenzothiazolyl radical, since it is shown in Parts IV, V and VI that the radical has an accelerating effect. Therefore, it may be considered that zinc oxide or zinc soap activates MBT more effectively than does the other thiazole type accelerators in order to produce this radical. As will be seen later in this study, interaction of MBT with zinc butyrate in the absence of sulfur produces ZMBT and butyric acid. The ZMBT will interact with sulfur and generate the 2-mercaptobenzothiazolyl radical as reported in Part VI. The zinc salt thus formed will be dispersed in a state of molecular dispersion in the reaction system, while the same compound prepared in Part VI was not dissolved in DPM even at the reaction temperatures. In this respect the former is considered more effective than the latter. In order to verify the above assumptions the reaction involving DPM, sulfur and MBT in the presence of zinc butyrate were investigated. The reaction products and mechanism were compared with those in the absence of zinc soap. Since zinc butyrate is soluble in the reaction system at the reaction temperatures, a kinetic study also was carried out and compared with that in the absence of zinc soap.

Electric Arc Furnace Dust Treatment Process by Iron Powder

2015 ◽  
Vol 656-657 ◽  
pp. 428-433
Author(s):  
Sureerat Polsilapa ◽  
Piyakarnt Khamsriraphap ◽  
Panyawat Wangyao
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Iron Powder ◽  
Zinc Ferrite ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
Pyrometallurgical Process ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace Dust ◽  
Eaf Dust ◽  
High Zinc

Electric arc furnace dust is a byproduct from steelmaking, contained up to 50%wt of zinc ferrite. It also contains about 10-20%wt of zinc oxide and the other metal oxides. Approximately 100,000 tons of EAF dust are generated per annum within Thailand. All of the dust has been sent to landfill. The objective of this research is to investigate the kinetics mechanism of the decomposition of zinc ferrite in EAF dust to obtain zinc oxide and iron oxide by using iron powder as a reducing agent. The process was carried out by mixing zinc ferrite or EAF dust with iron powder then compressed them in a mold. The samples from compression were treated by pyrometallurgical process. The factors required to be concerned were temperatures, particle sizes of iron powder, and mole ratios of zinc ferrite per iron powder, respectively. The treated samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) in order to characterize zinc ferrite phase transformation. It was found that the quantity of zinc ferrite, both either pure zinc ferrite and zinc ferrite in EAF dust, were decreased after treating by the pyrometallurgical process when increasing treating time from 30 to 180 minutes at 600°C, the particle size of iron powder at 10 micron, and the mole ratio of zinc ferrite per iron powder at 1:3. Moreover about 70%wt of zinc ferrite was decomposed and the products obtained were zinc oxides (ZnO) and iron oxides (Fe3O4, FeO, Fe2O3). The reduction of zinc ferrite with iron powder was well-defined taking place by diffusion thru product layer control. The activation energy of the reduction process was found to be 47.21±2.83 kJ/mol. Therefore, the decomposition of zinc ferrite by iron powder could be carried out at 1 atm with low pyrometallurgical temperature (600°C) and equipped with hydrometallurgical process to obtain high zinc yield.

scholarly journals A Kinetic Study of the Carbothermic Reduction of Zinc Oxide with Various Additives

2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 2421-2426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung-Su Kim ◽  
Jae-Min Yoo ◽  
Jin-Tae Park ◽  
Jae-Chun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Carbothermic Reduction
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