Origin and phenotypic expression of recessive chloroplast mutations in higher plants: Atrazine resistance as a model system

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Model System ◽  
Atrazine Resistance ◽  
Chloroplast Mutations

scholarly journals MiRNA expression profiling and zeatin dynamic changes in a new model system of in vivo indirect regeneration of tomato

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiying Cao ◽  
Xinyue Zhang ◽  
Yanye Ruan ◽  
Lijun Zhang ◽  
Zhenhai Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Model System ◽  
Indirect Regeneration ◽  
Mirna Expression Profiling

AbstractCallus formation and adventitious shoot differentiation could be observed on the cut surface of completely decapitated tomato plants. We propose that this process can be used as a model system to investigate the mechanisms that regulate indirect regeneration of higher plants without the addition of exogenous hormones. This study analyzed the patterns of trans-zeatin and miRNA expression during in vivo regeneration of tomato. Analysis of trans-zeatin revealed that the hormone cytokinin played an important role in in vivo regeneration of tomato. Among 183 miRNAs and 1168 predicted target genes sequences identified, 93 miRNAs and 505 potential targets were selected based on differential expression levels for further characterization. Expression patterns of six miRNAs, including sly-miR166, sly-miR167, sly-miR396, sly-miR397, novel 156, and novel 128, were further validated by qRT-PCR. We speculate that sly-miR156, sly-miR160, sly-miR166, and sly-miR397 play major roles in callus formation of tomato during in vivo regeneration by regulating cytokinin, IAA, and laccase levels. Overall, our microRNA sequence and target analyses of callus formation during in vivo regeneration of tomato provide novel insights into the regulation of regeneration in higher plants.

The identification of a new gene for leaf pubescence introgressed into bread wheat from Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. and its manifestation in a different genotypic background

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
A. V. Simonov ◽  
O. G. Smirnova ◽  
M. A. Genaev ◽  
T. A. Pshenichnikova
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Distal Region ◽  
Monosomic Analysis ◽  
Triticum Timopheevii ◽  
Leaf Pubescence ◽  
Wheat Gene ◽  
New Gene

Abstract Leaf pubescence is widespread among higher plants. In bread wheat, a relationship was found between this trait and the efficiency of photosynthetic processes and productivity. In this work, we established the chromosomal localization of the gene for leaf pubescence introgressed from Triticum timopheevii into a bread wheat line 821 and studied its expression in the genetic background of two wheat cultivars differing in genetic control and phenotypic expression of pubescence. To obtain quantitative characteristics of pubescence in cultivars and hybrid populations, the LHDetect2 program was used, which makes it possible to estimate the length and number of trichomes on a leaf fold. A genetic analysis showed the dominant inheritance of the gene. Monosomic analysis F2 was used to establish chromosome localization and investigate the expression of the gene in cultivars Saratovskaya S29 (S29) and Diamant 2 (Dm2). As a result, the gene Hltt, introgressed from T. timopheevii, was identified and localized in the distal region of the long arm of 5A chromosome for the first time. In both F2 populations, the gene reduced the density of trichomes and formed long trichomes, uncharacteristic for the two recipient cultivars S29 and Dm2. A larger number of long trichomes was formed in the genetic background of S29, which carry the bread wheat gene Hl1 and Hl3 for leaf pubescence, than in Dm2. Development of substitution and isogenic lines with the fragment of introgression carrying the gene Hltt will allow determining function and assessing the adaptive significance of the gene more precisely.

Crown Gall: A Model System for Genetic Manipulation of Higher Plants

1983 ◽  
pp. 269-286
Author(s):  
G. J. Wullems ◽  
F. A. Krens ◽  
G. Ooms ◽  
R. A. Schilperoort
Keyword(s):  
Crown Gall ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Model System

scholarly journals In vitro model system for investigation of DNA double stranded breaks reparation based on using of higher plants protein extracts

1991 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
L. A. Sitailo ◽  
V. D. Naumenko ◽  
V. G. Makarova ◽  
I. F. Kanevsky ◽  
I. I. Bubriyk
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Model System ◽  
In Vitro Model System ◽  
Vitro Model

The rice storage protein mRNAs as a model system for RNA localization in higher plants

Plant Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 203-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Li Chou ◽  
Li Tian ◽  
Haruhiko Washida ◽  
Masako Fukuda ◽  
Toshihiro Kumamaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Protein ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Rna Localization ◽  
Model System

scholarly journals miRNA expression profiling and zeatin dynamic changes in a new model system of in vivo indirect regeneration of tomato

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0237690
Author(s):  
Huiying Cao ◽  
Xinyue Zhang ◽  
Yanye Ruan ◽  
Lijun Zhang ◽  
Zhenhai Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Model System ◽  
Indirect Regeneration ◽  
Mirna Expression Profiling

Callus formation and adventitious shoot differentiation could be observed on the cut surface of completely decapitated tomato plants. We propose that this process can be used as a model system to investigate the mechanisms that regulate indirect regeneration of higher plants without the addition of exogenous hormones. This study analyzed the patterns of trans-zeatin and miRNA expression during in vivo regeneration of tomato. Analysis of trans-zeatin revealed that the hormone cytokinin played an important role in in vivo regeneration of tomato. Among 183 miRNAs and 1168 predicted target genes sequences identified, 93 miRNAs and 505 potential targets were selected based on differential expression levels for further characterization. Expression patterns of six miRNAs, including sly-miR166, sly-miR167, sly-miR396, sly-miR397, novel 156, and novel 128, were further validated by qRT-PCR. We speculate that sly-miR156, sly-miR160, sly-miR166, and sly-miR397 play major roles in callus formation of tomato during in vivo regeneration by regulating cytokinin, IAA, and laccase levels. Overall, our microRNA sequence and target analyses of callus formation during in vivo regeneration of tomato provide novel insights into the regulation of regeneration in higher plants.

A Tribute to the Pioneering Work of Thomas E. Jensen in the Field of Cyanobacterial Phytoremediation

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Richard F.E. Crang
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Model System ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the scientific works of Prof. Thomas E. Jensen has often been overlooked. This review paper brings together the focus of his works in a developmental narrative revealing the stages and their practical applications over the course of time. The stages of his research involved the ultrastructural revelations of cyanobacterial organization, the quantification of key components, recognition that sequestering of selected heavy metals and other cations could occur under stress conditions, using that knowledge to formulate applications in waste-water remediation, and developing a model system for both the retention of specific ions and their controlled release. It was found that the release could be predictably controlled by both pH adjustments as well as by regulating the oxygenation of the environmental conditions. Laboratory pilot studies have indicated that the prospects for large-scale applications in municipal and industrial wastewater conditions are possible. This type of phytoremediation has far greater possibilities in commercial circumstances than efforts with higher plants, in as much as the cells can be recycled for continuous ion processing. This review is a partial summary of some of the relevant academic works of Prof. Jensen over a span of nearly 50 years. His research has primarily been directed towards a better understanding of the organization and activities of cyanobacteria, and the special role that they are capable of playing in phytoremediation.

In vitro and in vivo polysaccharides assembly: ultrastructural and cytochemical study of growing plant cell wall components.

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
D. Reis ◽  
B. Vian ◽  
J. C. Roland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Wall Components

Wall morphogenesis in higher plants is a problem still open to controversy. Until now the possibility of a transmembrane control and the involvement of microtubules were mostly envisaged. Self-assembly processes have been observed in the case of walls of Chlamydomonas and bacteria. Spontaneous gelling interactions between xanthan and galactomannan from Ceratonia have been analyzed very recently. The present work provides indications that some processes of spontaneous aggregation could occur in higher plants during the formation and expansion of cell wall.Observations were performed on hypocotyl of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) for which growth characteristics and wall composition have been previously defined.In situ, the walls of actively growing cells (primary walls) show an ordered three-dimensional organization (fig. 1). The wall is typically polylamellate with multifibrillar layers alternately transverse and longitudinal. Between these layers intermediate strata exist in which the orientation of microfibrils progressively rotates. Thus a progressive change in the morphogenetic activity occurs.

A Protozoan Model for Golgi-Associated Calcification

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 332-333
Author(s):  
D. C. Williams ◽  
D. E. Outka
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Model System ◽  
Sequential Formation

Many studies have shown that the Golgi apparatus is involved in a variety of synthetic activities, and probably no Golgi product is more elaborate than the scales produced by various kinds of phytoflagellates. The formation of calcified scales (coccoliths, Fig. 1,2) of the coccolithophorid phytoflagellates provides a particularly interesting model system for the study of biological mineralization, and the sequential formation of Golgi products.The coccoliths of Hymenomonas carterae consist of a scale-like base (Fig. 2 and 4, b) with a highly structured calcified (CaCO3) rim composed of two distinct elements which alternate about the base periphery (Fig. 1 and 3, A, B). Each element is enveloped by a sheath-like organic matrix (Fig. 3; Fig. 4, m).

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