Diurnal changes in water deficit and recovery patterns of intact rice leaves under natural and controlled environment conditions

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Saini ◽  
T. R. Rathore
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Rice Leaves

INFLUENCE OF WEEKLY CHANGES IN TEMPERATURE AND LIGHT REGIMES ON THE INCIDENCE OF BLOTCHY RIPENING OF TOMATOES

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
T. MATSUMOTO ◽  
C. A. HORNBY
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Light Regimes ◽  
Common Trend ◽  
Cloudy Weather ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Temperature Levels ◽  
Greenhouse Tomatoes ◽  
Compensatory Effect

The hypothesis that blotchy ripening (BR) of greenhouse tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) was associated with a cumulative effect of alternating periods of bright sunshine and cloudy weather was tested in controlled environment chambers. Temperatures were programed to give diurnal changes between 11.7 C/26.7 C night/day representing sunny days, and 11.7 C/21.2 C night/day for cloudy days. The two levels of light were (1) 18,299 lx for sunny days, and (2) 16,656 lx for cloudy days. These two factors were combined in four regimes to represent (1) sunny-day temperature and light; (2) sunny-day temperature and alternate weeks of sunny-day and cloudy-day light; (3) alternate weeks of sunny-day and cloudy-day temperature and sunny-day light; and (4) alternate weeks of sunny-day temperature and light, and cloudy-day temperature and light. Four series of plants showed a common trend. Consistent sunny-day temperature and alternating weeks of sunny or cloudy-day light produced the highest incidence of BR. Alternating weeks of temperature levels with consistent sunny-day light produced less BR but not significantly so. When sunny-day temperature and light were alternated weekly with cloudy day conditions, there was a reduced percentage of BR and less severe symptoms. This regime suggests a compensatory effect when temperature is varied directly with changes in light intensity. The regime for consistent sunny-day temperature and light gave the lowest BR incidence with mild symptoms.

Diurnal changes in leaflet gas exchange, water status and antioxidant responses in Carapa guianensis plants under water-deficit conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaliene da Silva Carvalho ◽  
Hugo Alves Pinheiro ◽  
Reginaldo Alves Festucci-Buselli ◽  
Dalton Dias da Silva Júnior ◽  
Gledson Luiz Salgado de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
Carapa Guianensis

Effects of post-transplant water deficits on leaf development and yield of winter planted tobacco in north Queensland

1985 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
KH Ferguson ◽  
S Fukai ◽  
GL Wilson ◽  
MA Toleman
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Leaf Development ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Water Deficits ◽  
Commercial Yield

The effect of water deficit on floral initiation, leaf development and yield of commercial leaf of tobacco planted in the winter was studied in northern Queensland. The deficits were induced by different watering treatments at transplanting in combination with a range of times during which irrigation was withheld after transplanting. In addition, the effect of two periods of water deficits on flower and leaf development was investigated in a pot experiment under controlled environment conditions. Water deficits after transplanting delayed floral initiation and allowed more leaves to be produced. Moreover, the size of most leaves of commercial value was increased by water deficit; for example, withholding water for 28 days after transplanting increased the area and dry weight of commercial yield per plant by 33%. Results from the pot experiment demonstrated that the larger leaf area resulted from an extended period of linear growth and a greater rate of expansion after water deficits were relieved.

Water Relations of the Developing Wheat Grain

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
EWR Barlow ◽  
JW Lee ◽  
R Munns ◽  
MG Smart
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Grain Filling Period ◽  
Pigment Strand ◽  
Days After Anthesis ◽  
Wheat Spike

The physiological and anatomical mechanisms underlying the reduced sensitivity of wheat grain growth to water deficits in the post anthesis period have been investigated. The water potential (Ψ) and water content of the developing wheat grain and of other tissues within the wheat spike and flag leaf were compared under controlled environment and field conditions. In the 14 days following anthesis when the amount of water in each grain was increasing, the Ψ gradient between the grain and the rest of the plant was most pronounced. This Ψ gradient disappeared when the water per grain reached its maximum level (15 days after anthesis). The apparent turgor potential (P) of the wheat grain was very small (less than 0.2 MPa) throughout the grain filling period. When water was withheld 10 and 20 days after anthesis, the grain Ψ changed little despite a large decrease in the Ψ of the glumes, rachis and flag leaf. Grain Ψ showed the same independence during a diurnal cycle of water deficit. The independence of grain Ψ under water deficit conditions may be related initially to the xylem discontinuity in the floral axis and, in longer-term water stress situations, to the deposition of lipid in the pigment strand of the grain itself.

Water Status and ABA Content of Floral Organs in Drought-Stressed Wheat

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 763 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME Westgate ◽  
JB Passioura ◽  
R Munns
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Floral Organs ◽  
Boot Stage ◽  
Root Signals ◽  
Aba Content

Chemical signals from roots have been shown to mediate the response of vegetative shoots to drought. Our objective was to test whether root signals such as abscisic acid (ABA) affect grain set in wheat. Uniculm wheat was grown in a controlled environment and exposed to a water deficit from pollen mother cell meiosis to late boot stage-a period of reproductive development very sensitive to drought. The water deficit decreased grain numbers per spike up to 70%. As soil moisture was depleted, leaf, glume, ovary and anther water potential (Ψw) decreased with leaf Ψw. Turgor decreased in the leaves, but remained at or above control levels in all floral organs examined. Free ABA content of leaves increased 30-fold as leaf turgor declined, while ABA in floral organs increased 10-15-fold. To separate the effects of shoot and root water status on grain set, plants were pressurised to maintain leaf Ψw at control levels as the soil dried. Pressurisation increased flowers and grains per spike over that of droughted plants at comparable soil water suctions, but not to control levels. Free ABA content in leaves and floral organs increased only about 3-fold when leaves were maintained at high Ψw. Shoot water status had a greater effect on grain set than did soil water status. In both pressurised and unpressurised plants, grains per spike and percentage grain set decreased with increasing ABA content in ovaries and anthers. The results indicate that maintenance of a high shoot water status reduces the effect of soil water deficit on grain set by reducing the accumulation of ABA.

scholarly journals Dobowe wahania deficytu wodnego i ich zależność od czynników klimatycznych [Diurnal changes of water saturation deficit in leaves and their dependence on the climatic factors]

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
J. Czerski ◽  
M. Wąsik
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Water Saturation Deficit ◽  
Saturation Deficit ◽  
Daily Changes

Daily changes in water suction deficit (WSD) in different species of <em>Nicotiana, Digitalis, Calendula, Beta</em> and <em>Brassica</em> were studied. Significant water deficit in the middle of the day was demonstrated for all plants studied.

scholarly journals KONSENTRASI KLOROFIL DAUN PADI PADA SAAT KEKURANGAN AIR YANG DIINDUKSI DENGAN POLIETILEN GLIKOL

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunia E Banyo ◽  
Ai S Nio ◽  
Parluhutan Siahaan ◽  
Agustina M Tangapo
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Porcelain Mortar ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Rice Leaves ◽  
Peg 8000

KONSENTRASI KLOROFIL DAUN PADI PADA SAAT KEKURANGAN AIR YANG DIINDUKSI DENGAN POLIETILEN GLIKOL ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai konsentrasi klorofil daun padi (Oryza sativa L.) kultivar Serayu dan IR 64 pada saat kekurangan air yang diinduksi dengan polietilen glikol (PEG). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan konsentrasi klorofil total, klorofil a dan klorofil b pada daun padi pada saat kekurangan air yang diinduksi dengan PEG 8000 dengan mengkultur tanaman padi pada medium dengan potensial air (PA) 0; -0,5 dan -1 MPa.  Sampel helaian daun (lamina) untuk tiap perlakuan diambil sebanyak 1 g, dihaluskan dengan mortar dan pestel, lalu diekstraksi dengan alkohol 95% sampai semua klorofil terlarut. Ekstrak disaring dan supernatan ditampung dalam labu ukur 100 ml, lalu ditambahkan alkohol 95% sampai 100 ml.  Konsentrasi klorofil diukur dengan spektrofotometer  pada panjang gelombang 649 dan 665 nm.   Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, tanaman padi kultivar Serayu dan IR 64 mulai mengalami kekeringan pada PEG dengan PA -0,5 MPa dengan ciri-ciri daun yang kering, menggulung dan batang yang berwarna kecoklatan. Perbedaan konsentrasi klorofil total, klorofil a, dan klorofil b pada daun padi kultivar Serayu dan IR 64 diamati pada PEG dengan PA 0; -0,5 dan -0,1 MPa. Kata kunci: konsentrasi klorofil, polietilen glikol (PEG), kekurangan air, padi kultivar Serayu dan IR 64 THE CHLOROPHYLL CONCENTRATION IN RICE LEAVES UNDER POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL- INDUCED WATER DEFICIT ABSTRACT A research was conducted to evaluate the concentrations of total clorophyll, chlorophyll a and clorophyll b in rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves under polyethylene-glycol-induced water deficit. The water deficit was induced by culturing the plants in medium containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000 with water potential (PA) 0;-0,5; and            -1 MPa for 2 days. Leaf lamina (1 g) was sampled from each treatment at day 0 and 2. Each sample was ground using porcelain mortar and pestle, and extracted with 95% ethanol until all chlorophyll was dissolved. The extract was filtered, the supernatant was collected in 100 ml flask and added with 95% ethanol until 100 ml. The chlorophyll concentration was measured using spechtrophotometer at 649 and 665 nm. The dry and rolled leaves and brown stems were observed in cultivar Serayu and IR 64 that were cultivated in media containing PEG with PA -0,5 and -1,0 MPa. The concentrations of total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and b in leaves of cultivar Serayu and IR 64 cultivated in media containing  PEG with PA 0; -0,5 and -1,0 MPa were different. Keywords: chlorophyll concentration, polyethylene glycol (PEG), water deficit, Serayu and IR 64 rice cultivars

scholarly journals Stress Metabolism III. Variations in Response to Water Deficit in the Barley Plant

1973 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
TN Singh ◽  
IG Paleg ◽  
D Aspinall
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Barley Plant ◽  
Stress History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Response To Water ◽  
Periods Of Stress

Barley plants (cv. Prior) were grown in soil in a controlled environment and subjected to one, two, or three cycles of water stress by witholding water for short periods interspersed with periods of adequate water supply. The water potentials of the leaf tissues during and following these periods of stress were unaffected by the previous stress history of the plants.

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