Charge density fluctuation of low frequency in a dusty plasma

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Li ◽  
Baowei Lü ◽  
O. Havnes
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Dusty Plasma ◽  
Density Fluctuation ◽  
Low Frequency

Low-frequency wave modulations in an electronegative dusty plasma in the presence of charge variations

2011 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samiran Ghosh ◽  
Subrata Sarkar ◽  
Manoranjan Khan ◽  
M. R. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Dusty Plasma ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Wave

Simulations of the ion–dust streaming instability with non-Maxwellian ions

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Quest ◽  
M. Rosenberg ◽  
B. Kercher
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Dusty Plasma ◽  
Density Wave ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Ion Distribution ◽  
Ion Flow ◽  
Ion Drift ◽  
Streaming Instability ◽  
Ion Velocity ◽  
Linear Kinetic Theory

The dust acoustic, or dust density, wave is a very low frequency collective mode in a dusty plasma that is associated with the motion of the charged and massive dust grains. An ion flow due to an electric field can excite these waves via an ion–dust streaming instability. Theories of this instability have often assumed a shifted-Maxwellian ion velocity distribution. Recently, the linear kinetic theory of this instability was considered using a non-Maxwellian ion velocity distribution (Kählert, Phys. Plasmas, vol. 22, 2015, 073703). In this paper, we present one-dimensional PIC simulations of the nonlinear development of the ion–dust streaming instability, comparing the results for these two types of ion velocity distributions, for several values of the ion drift speed and collision rate. Parameters are considered that reflect the ordering of plasma and dust quantities in laboratory dusty plasma experiments. It is found that, in general, the wave energy density is smaller in the simulations with a non-Maxwellian ion distribution.

Low-frequency electrical conductivity of aqueous kaolinite suspensions: surface conductance, electrokinetic potentials and counterion mobility

Clay Minerals ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Weber ◽  
Helge Stanjek
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Surface Charge Density ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Surface Conductivity ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Surface Conductance ◽  
Consistency Check ◽  
Data Set ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe low-frequency conductivity of aqueous kaolinite suspensions has been measured as a function of volume fraction and concentration of KCl, K2SO4and BaCl2, respectively. These measurements were interpreted with a theoretical model accounting for surface conductivity and particle shape. For the first time, an internally consistent data set was established by measuring all parameters necessary to solve the relevant equations. The simultaneous availability of surface conductivity, surface charge density and diffuse layer charge density permitted the estimation of counterion mobilities in the stagnant layer and a consistency check for the evaluation procedure of the conductivity experiments. In agreement with current literature results, monovalent counterions were found to have a Stern layer mobility similar to their bulk mobility, whereas the mobility of divalent counterions in this layer is reduced by a factor of ∼2.

scholarly journals Boosting output performance of sliding mode triboelectric nanogenerator by charge space-accumulation effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wencong He ◽  
Wenlin Liu ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Zhao Wang ◽  
Yike Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Output Performance ◽  
Charge Space ◽  
Air Breakdown

Abstract The sliding mode triboelectric nanogenerator (S-TENG) is an effective technology for in-plane low-frequency mechanical energy harvesting. However, as surface modification of tribo-materials and charge excitation strategies are not well applicable for this mode, output performance promotion of S-TENG has no breakthrough recently. Herein, we propose a new strategy by designing shielding layer and alternative blank-tribo-area enabled charge space-accumulation (CSA) for enormously improving the charge density of S-TENG. It is found that the shielding layer prevents the air breakdown on the interface of tribo-layers effectively and the blank-tribo-area with charge dissipation on its surface of tribo-material promotes charge accumulation. The charge space-accumulation mechanism is analyzed theoretically and verified by experiments. The charge density of CSA-S-TENG achieves a 2.3 fold enhancement (1.63 mC m−2) of normal S-TENG in ambient conditions. This work provides a deep understanding of the working mechanism of S-TENG and an effective strategy for promoting its output performance.

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