Response of potatoes (cv russet burbank) to supplemental calcium applications under field conditions: Tuber calcium, yield, and incidence of internal brown spot

2006 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senay Ozgen ◽  
Björn H. Karlsson ◽  
Jiwan P. Palta
Keyword(s):  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Internal Brown Spot ◽  
Supplemental Calcium

Factors influencing incidence of internal brown spot in Russet Burbank potatoes

1984 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Iritani ◽  
L. D. Weller ◽  
N. R. Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Internal Brown Spot ◽  
Factors Influencing

Relationships Between Internal Brown Spot and Skin Roughness in Potato Tubers Under Field Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-339
Author(s):  
Francesco Raimo ◽  
Alfonso Pentangelo ◽  
Catello Pane ◽  
Bruno Parisi ◽  
Giuseppe Mandolino
Keyword(s):  
Field Conditions ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Internal Brown Spot

scholarly journals Controlling Brown Spot of Pear by a Synthetic Antimicrobial Peptide Under Field Conditions

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (12) ◽  
pp. 1816-1822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireia Puig ◽  
Concepció Moragrega ◽  
Lídia Ruz ◽  
Emilio Montesinos ◽  
Isidre Llorente
Keyword(s):  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Detached Leaf ◽  
Brown Spot Disease ◽  
Pear Trees

Brown spot of pear, caused by Stemphylium vesicarium, is a fungal disease of increasing importance in several pear-growing areas of Europe. Disease control measures include the application of fungicides and sanitation methods. Antimicrobial peptides may be a complement or alternative to conventional fungicides used to manage brown spot disease. In a previous study, the synthetic peptide BP15 showed postinfection fungicidal activity against S. vesicarium in in vitro and detached-leaf assays. In the present study, the efficacy of BP15 (KKLFKKILKVL-NH2) in controlling brown spot of pear was evaluated under field conditions using potted plants and pear trees in orchards. In field trials, the treatments with BP15 or with the fungicide thiram were scheduled according to the infection risk predicted by the BSPcast model. Potted pear plants treated with BP15 showed a disease reduction of about 42 to 60% in five of seven trials. In three of four tree trials, the disease severity on shoots treated with BP15 was significantly lower than in the nontreated controls, with a mean efficacy of 38.2%. It was concluded that BP15 is a good candidate to be further developed as a fungicide for controlling brown spot of pear.

The dependence of internal brown spot development upon calcium fertility in potato tubers

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora L. Olsen ◽  
Larry K. Hiller ◽  
Loretta J. Mikitzel
Keyword(s):  
Brown Spot ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Internal Brown Spot

scholarly journals Disease-Reducing Effect of Chromolaena odorata Extract on Sheath Blight and Other Rice Diseases

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Đắc Khoa ◽  
Phan Thị Hồng Thúy ◽  
Trần Thị Thu Thủy ◽  
David B. Collinge ◽  
Hans Jørgen Lyngs Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Bipolaris Oryzae ◽  
Herbal Plants

Sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani (teleomorph: Thanatephorus cucumeris) is a major cause of crop loss in intensive rice production systems. No economically viable control methods have been developed. We screened aqueous extracts of common herbal plants that could reduce sheath blight lesions and found that foliar spraying and seed soaking application of extracts of either fresh or dried leaves of Chromolaena odorata gave up to 68% reduction in sheath blight lesion lengths under controlled and semi-field conditions. The observed reductions were not dependent on growth conditions of C. odorata and rice cultivar. The effect was observed until 21 days after inoculation and was not dependent on microbial activity. Under semi-field conditions, extracts also reduced severity of other important rice diseases, i.e., blast (Pyricularia oryzae) using foliar spray (up to 45%), brown spot (Bipolaris oryzae) using seed treatment (up to 57%), and bacterial blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) using both application methods (up to 50%).

scholarly journals Enhancing Potato Tuber Calcium Concentration Through Calcium Application May Reduce the Incidence of Internal Brown Spot and Hollow Heart

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 759A-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Kleinhenz ◽  
Christopher C. Gunter ◽  
Jiwan P. Palta
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Hollow Heart ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Internal Defects ◽  
Internal Brown Spot ◽  
Liquid Calcium ◽  
Cultivar Atlantic

A direct comparison was made of several commercially available calcium sources applied on two different schedules for their effectiveness in increasing tuber medullary and periderm tissue calcium concentrations in 170–284-g tubers of the cultivar Atlantic grown on a Plainfield sandy loam. Plots (6 x 3 m) were arranged in a CR design in 1993 and a RCBD in 1994 (eight replications). Paired measurements of tuber Ca concentration and internal quality (±hollow heart, ±internal brown spot) were made on individual tubers produced in plots with no additional or additional Ca (168 kg Ca/ha) supplied from either gypsum, liquid calcium nitrate, or NHIB. Two Ca and N application schedules were compared: 1) application at emergence and hilling (non-split), 2) application at emergence, hilling, and 4 and 8 weeks after hilling (split). All plots received 224 kg H/ha balanced with ammonium nitrate. In general, tuber yield and grade were unaffected by treatments in 1993 and 1994, but overall percent A-grade was lowest and percent B-grade highest in 1993 compared with 1994 data. In 1993, all treatments receiving Ca had greater mean tuber medullary and periderm tissue Ca concentration values and a greater percentage of tubers with an elevated Ca concentration compared with non-Ca-supplemented controls. The overall incidence of tuber internal defects was 5% in 1993. All split schedule treatments receiving Ca showed 0% internal defects. In contrast, nearly 8% of the tubers from control plots showed some defect. The medullary tissue Ca concentration of 65% of the tubers having either defect was below the median value of Ca concentration for the entire experiment in 1993. Similar evaluations are underway for the 1994 crop. These data suggest that tuber calcium concentration may be related to the incidence of these internal defects.

scholarly journals 589 Calcium Application at Preemergence and during Bulking May Improve Tuber Quality and Grade

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 498B-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Gunter ◽  
Senay Ozgen ◽  
Bjorn Karlsson ◽  
Jiwan Palta
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Tuber Quality ◽  
Quality Ratings ◽  
Supplemental Calcium ◽  
Tuber Grade ◽  
Paired Control

An increase in calcium concentration of potato tuber tissue has been shown to reduce soft rot severity and the incidence of internal physiological defects. Higher tuber calcium also seems to increase sprout vigor and maintain apical dominance by reducing subapical necrosis and sprout tip death. Preemergent applications of calcium at a rate of 0 and 26.5 kg·ha–1 from ammonium nitrate (PreAmNit), ammonium nitrate plus calcium nitrate (PreCaN), or calcium chloride plus calcium nitrate plus urea (PreCUC). A group of post-emergent split calcium nitrate plus calcium chloride plus urea (PostCUC) applications beginning with hilling and proceeding at 3, 6, and 8 weeks after hilling were also made at a rate of 56 kg·ha–1 calcium at each application time. From visual ratings of stand quality taken 64 days after hilling, we found plants receiving a preemergent application of nutrients or PostCUC had higher stand ratings than paired control plots. Internal tuber quality ratings revealed less internal brown spot in the PostCUC application in 168–364-g tubers. Yield of 112–168-g tubers was greatest from plants treated with PreCaN or PreCUC followed by PostCUC. PreAmNit plots had higher culls than the PreCUC plots. The non-split ammonium nitrate control (all nitrogen by hilling) produced a higher number of B-sized tubers than the PostCUC treatment. Also the PreAmNit+PostCUC had more B-sized tubers than PreCaN+PostCUC. In general the PostCUC treatment produced fewer small tubers and more large tubers than other treatments. These results suggest application of a small amount of calcium prior to emergence but after the sprouts have begun to develop improves seed performance. Furthermore these data show that supplemental calcium application during the season may improve tuber grade.

scholarly journals Screening Rice Genotypes for Brown Spot Disease Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Arati Dhungana ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Brown Spot Disease ◽  
Plant Breeding Program ◽  
Rice Genotypes

A field experiment was conducted to screen 20 rice genotypes against brown spot disease caused by Bipolaris oryzae under natural epiphytotic field conditions at Bangaun, Dang, Nepal, from June 2018 to March 2019. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Sawa Mansuli was taken as susceptible check and Sabitri as a resistant check in the experiment. Disease assessment was done by calculating disease severity and Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC). Among the evaluated genotypes, disease severity and AUDPC varied in the field experiments. Rice genotypes showed the resistance to highly susceptible reactions based on AUDPC value which ranged from 88.51 to 260.65. Among the evalauted rice genotypes in the field experiment, the highest mean AUDPC value was recorded with Basmati (260.65) followed by Radha-13 (172.80) and the lowest was recorded with Kathe Jhinuwa (88.51). Similarly, the highest severity rate was recorded with Basmati (25.91) followed by Radha-13 (21.00) and Tilki (20.75) and the lowest was recorded with Kathe Jhinuwa (11.03) which was at par with Radha-4 (11.11) followed by Sukhadhan-1 (12.02) and Sabitri (12.06). The highest grain yield was recorded with Sarju-52 (4.32 t/ha) followed by Sabitri (4.19 t/ha). Grain yield was negatively correlated with mean AUDPC by 14.77%. Kathe Jhinuwa, Radha-4, and Sabitri can be used for higher grain yield purposes under similar field conditions and also can be utilized as the source of resistance in a plant breeding program.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document