Formation of buds from callus tissue in the potato

1957 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 158-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. I. Lauer ◽  
F. A. Krantz
Keyword(s):  
Callus Tissue

The mitochondrial genome organization of a maize fertile cmsT revertant line is generated through recombination between two sets of repeats.

Genetics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M Fauron ◽  
M Havlik ◽  
R I Brettell
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Genome Organization ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Normal Type ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Sequence Complexity ◽  
Mtdna Organization ◽  
Callus Tissue Culture ◽  
Fertile Revertant

Abstract The mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) organization from a fertile revertant line (V3) derived from the maize cytoplasmic male sterile type T (cmsT) callus tissue culture has been determined. We report that the sequence complexity can be mapped on to a circular "master chromosome" of 705 kb which includes a duplication of 165 kb of DNA when compared to its male sterile progenitor. Associated with this event is also a 0.423-kb deletion, which removed the cmsT-associated urf13 gene. As found for the maize normal type (N) and cmsT mitochondrial genomes, the V3 master chromosome also exists as a multipartite structure generated by recombination through repeated sequences.

β-Glucuronidase Gene Expression by the Ti-Agropine Synthase Gene Promoter is Preferential to Callus Tissue

1990 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Inoguchi ◽  
Hiroshi Kamada ◽  
Hiroshi Harada
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Gene Promoter

scholarly journals Impact of the Sensory and Sympathetic Nervous System on Fracture Healing in Ovariectomized Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Niedermair ◽  
Rainer H. Straub ◽  
Christoph Brochhausen ◽  
Susanne Grässel
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Tissue Remodeling ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
M2 Macrophage ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
Bony Callus ◽  
Deficient Mice

The peripheral nervous system modulates bone repair under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Previously, we reported an essential role for sensory neuropeptide substance P (SP) and sympathetic nerve fibers (SNF) for proper fracture healing and bone structure in a murine tibial fracture model. A similar distortion of bone microarchitecture has been described for mice lacking the sensory neuropeptide α-calcitonin gene-related peptide (α-CGRP). Here, we hypothesize that loss of SP, α-CGRP, and SNF modulates inflammatory and pain-related processes and also affects bone regeneration during fracture healing under postmenopausal conditions. Intramedullary fixed femoral fractures were set to 28 days after bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) in female wild type (WT), SP-, α-CGRP-deficient, and sympathectomized (SYX) mice. Locomotion, paw withdrawal threshold, fracture callus maturation and numbers of TRAP-, CD4-, CD8-, F4/80-, iNos-, and Arg1-positive cells within the callus were analyzed. Nightly locomotion was reduced in unfractured SP-deficient and SYX mice after fracture. Resistance to pressure was increased for the fractured leg in SP-deficient mice during the later stages of fracture healing, but was decreased in α-CGRP-deficient mice. Hypertrophic cartilage area was increased nine days after fracture in SP-deficient mice. Bony callus maturation was delayed in SYX mice during the later healing stages. In addition, the number of CD 4-positive cells was reduced after five days and the number of CD 8-positive cells was additionally reduced after 21 days in SYX mice. The number of Arg1-positive M2 macrophages was higher in α-CGRP-deficient mice five days after fracture. The alkaline phosphatase level was increased in SYX mice 16 days after fracture. Absence of α-CGRP appears to promote M2 macrophage polarization and reduces the pain threshold, but has no effect on callus tissue maturation. Absence of SP reduces locomotion, increases the pain-threshold, and accelerates hypertrophic callus tissue remodeling. Destruction of SNF reduces locomotion after fracture and influences bony callus tissue remodeling during the later stages of fracture repair, whereas pain-related processes are not affected.

The Para-O-Methylation of Apigenin to Acacetin by Cell-Free Extracts of Robinia pseudoacacia L.

1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 916-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Kuroki ◽  
Jonathan E. Poulton
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Methylation Pattern ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Methyltransferase Activity ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
Homogenization Medium

Abstract Crude extracts from young Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings, shoots, and callus tissue catalyze the para-O-methylation of apigenin to acacetin using S-adenosyl-ʟ-methionine as methyl donor. Optimum activity was exhibited at pH 9.0, and Mg2+ was not required for maximum activity. EDTA (10 mᴍ) did not affect the reaction rate, but 47% inhibition was observed with SAH (100 μᴍ). β-Mercaptoethanol (5 mᴍ) was required in the homogenization medium for optimum O-methyltransferase activity. Apigenin (Km, 50 μᴍ) was the best substrate, but significant activity was shown towards caffeic acid, 5-hydroxyferulic acid, naringenin, and quercetin. Paracoumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids were not methylated. The Km for S-adenosyl-ʟ-methionine was 31 μᴍ. Our demonstration of a para-O-methyltransferase activity methylating apigenin, but not para-coumaric acid, strongly supports the conclusion that the B-ring methylation pattern of acacetin is determined at the C15-level in Robinia pseudoacacia.

Acridone alkaloids of callus tissue ofRuta graveolens

1984 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 716-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Kuzovkina ◽  
L. D. Kislov ◽  
M. N. Zhivopistseva ◽  
Zs. Rozsa ◽  
K. Szendrei
Keyword(s):  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Acridone Alkaloids

scholarly journals In vitro assessment of wheat tolerance to drought

Genetika ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislava Galovic ◽  
Zorana Kotaranin ◽  
Srbislav Dencic
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Zygotic Embryos ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
In Vitro Effects

Analyzed in this paper were the in vitro effects of drought stress in 13 genotypes of winter wheat, one genotype of spring wheat, and three Triticale genotypes of different geographic origin. Callus tissue was induced from immature zygotic embryos (10-15 days after pollination) on a modified MS nutrient medium. After two weeks, callus tissue was transplanted onto the same medium enriched with 5% high-molecular polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000), which was used as the stress agent to produce the effect of drought chemically. A control group of calluses was grown on an identical medium but without PEG. After four weeks of growing calluses on these mediums, we assessed callus mass survival ability of the genotypes before the transplantation as well as percentage reduction of callus fresh weight after the transplantation onto the nutrient medium with 5% PEG. Statistically significant differences were found among the genotypes in their response to the induced stress. The best survival ability before the transplantation was found in the genotype Mexicol20 (83%), while the lowest was recorded in Slavija (11.3%). Culture growing under stress conditions significantly reduced callus fresh weight in all of the genotypes. The lowest decrease of the callus mass relative to control was recorded in Rozofskaja (14.4%) and the highest in Miranovska (58.4%), indicating the genotypes' tolerance levels towards drought stress.

scholarly journals Stand-Alone Rod Augmentation for Instrumentation Failure after Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy: A Case Report with a 2-year Follow-up

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zarei ◽  
Mohsen Rostami ◽  
Furqan Mohammed Yaseen Khan
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy ◽  
Lumbar Pain ◽  
Sagittal Imbalance ◽  
Complex Procedure ◽  
Instrumentation Failure

Background: Revision surgery of spine can be a complex procedure and has known complications. It involves hardware revision, removal of scar/callus tissue, realignment of sagittal balance, and anterior augmentation. However, through this report, we aim to demonstrate that a stand-alone rod augmentation at the failure site without removal of scar/callus tissue and/or anterior fixation can achieve excellent results in select cases. Case Report: A 66-year-old woman underwent L2 pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) + T9-iliac fixation for fixed sagittal imbalance and osteoporotic collapse of L3. One year later, she developed progressive axial lumbar pain and difficulty in mobilization. The patient was diagnosed with pseudoarthrosis and instrumentation failure and underwent revision spine surgery with stand-alone rod augmentation. She had anuneventful rehabilitation and showed complete radiographic union and excellent clinical outcome in the 2-year follow-up. Conclusion: Stand-alone rod augmentation can provide stable posterior construct to prevent future pseudoarthrosis and/or instrumentation failure after revision spine surgery in selected cases. Anterior augmentation or resection dural scar tissue or dissection through callus tissue is not always necessary.  

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