Potato composition: I. Tissue selection and its effects on solids content and amylose/amylopectin ratios

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Weaver ◽  
H. Timm ◽  
M. Nonaka ◽  
R. N. Sayre ◽  
R. M. Reeve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Composition ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Composition I

Effect of ink and paperboard characteristics on flexographic print quality based on print density

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
KHODADAD MALMIRCHEGINI ◽  
FARSHAD SARKHOSH RAHMANI
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Plastic Films ◽  
Printing Inks ◽  
Packaging Industry ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Density Results

Flexography is an evolving printing technology that is suitable for printing on coated and uncoated paperboard and board, nonporous substrates including metalized and paperboard foils, and plastic films used especially in the packaging industry. This study evaluated the effect of paperboard and ink characteristics on flexographic print density in paperboard. Three commercial paperboards from different companies were prepared: brown kraft from Thailand, white kraft from Spain, and test liner from Iran. Four samples of process print inks from Iran were used in this investigation. Paperboard properties, such as roughness and water absorption, and ink characteristics, including solids content, PH and particle diameter, were measured. The inks were printed on paperboards using a roll no.15 applicator with a blade metering device, and the print densities were measured. Results showed that solids content, pH, and particle diameter of printing inks influenced print density, while the roughness and water absorption of the three types of paperboard had no significant influence on print density. Results also illustrated that two levels of ink viscosity (25–30 and 50–55 mPa·s) were insignificant to print density.

Managing total reduced sulfur emissions at a Canadian kraft pulp mill

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROHAN BANDEKAR ◽  
JIM FREDERICK ◽  
JAROSLAV STAVIK
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Emission Limit ◽  
Total Reduced Sulfur ◽  
Reduced Sulfur ◽  
Air Ingress ◽  
Solids Content

This study addresses the challenges a dissolving-grade pulp mill in Canada faced in 2014 in meeting its total reduced sulfur (TRS) gas emission limit. These emissions from the recovery boiler exit are controlled by passing the boiler exit gas through a TRS scrubber system. The mill employs a cyclonic direct contact evaporator to concentrate black liquor to firing solids content. The off-gases from the direct contact evaporator flow to the effluent gas control system that consists of a venturi scrubber, a packed bed scrubber, and a heat recovery unit. Emissions of TRS greater than the regulated limit of 15 ppm were observed for a 4-month period in 2014. The level of emissions measured during this period was significantly higher than about 12 ppm, the expected average value based on historic experience. The problem persisted from mid-June 2014 until the annual mill shutdown in October 2014. The main TRS components detected and the performance of the Teller scrubber in capturing them are examined. Other potential causes for these emissions are identified, including mechanical problems such as broken packing in the TRS packed bed scrubber, broken baffle plates in the scrubber, and cyclone evaporator leaks causing air ingress. Repairs were carried out during the mill shutdown, which eliminated the TRS emissions problem.

STUDYING THE KINETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EXTRACTION OF ANTHOCYANINS FROM THE SQUEEZE OF KRASNOSTOP ZOLOTOVSKY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Egyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Kinetic Characteristics ◽  
Reaction Rate Constants ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Process Speed

The article shows studies characterizing the quality of the squeeze: the mechanical composition of the squeeze is determined, the structural moisture of each component is determined, the sugar content in the formed process of sedimentation of the juice and its acidity are determined refractometrically. The kinetics of anthocyanins extraction was determined in two ways, the solids content in the extract was calculated, and the reaction rate constants of the extraction process and the efficiency coefficient of ultrasonic amplification of the extraction process speed were calculated.

Quality of Carrots Grown for Processing as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Harvest Term

2009 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Gajewski ◽  
Zenon Węglarz ◽  
Anna Sereda ◽  
Marta Bajer ◽  
Agnieszka Kuczkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Carrot Juice ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Colour Parameters ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Nitrates Content

Quality of Carrots Grown for Processing as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Harvest TermIn 2007-2008 the effect of nitrogen fertilization and harvest term on quality of two carrot cultivars was investigated. The field experiment was carried out in Żelazna Experimental Station of Warsaw University of Life Sciences. Karotan F1and Trafford F1cultivars, commonly grown for juice industry, were the objects of the experiment. Carrot seeds were sown at the beginning of May. Nitrogen fertilization was applied in five rates, ranged from 0 to 120 kg·ha-1and in two terms — before sowing and in the middle of growing season. Roots were harvested in three terms: mid-September, mid-October and the first decade of November. After harvest there were determined: nitrates (NO3) content in carrot roots and juice, soluble solids, colour parameters of juice in CIE L*a*b*system. The dose and the term of nitrogen fertilization influenced nitrates content in carrots, and the highest NO3concentration was found in carrots fertilized with 120 kg·ha-1of N before sowing. Karotan showed higher nitrates accumulation than Trafford. The content of nitrates in the roots was markedly higher than in carrot juice. Nitrates content in carrots decreased with delaying of harvest time, in opposite to soluble solids content. Soluble solids content and colour parameters of carrot juice were not affected by nitrogen fertilization, but the lowest L*, a*and b*values were observed at the last term of harvest.

A pilot web former designed to study retention-formation relationships

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-194
Author(s):  
Anna Svedberg ◽  
Tom Lindström
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Montmorillonite Clay ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Good Reproducibility ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Retention Aids ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract A pilot-scale fourdrinier former has been developed for the purpose of investigating the relationship between retention and paper formation (features, retention aids, dosage points, etc.). The main objective of this publication was to present the R-F (Retention and formation)-machine and demonstrate some of its fields of applications. For a fine paper stock (90% hardwood and 10% softwood) with addition of 25% filler (based on total solids content), the relationship between retention and formation was investigated for a microparticulate retention aid (cationic polyacrylamide together with anionic montmorillonite clay). The retention-formation relationship of the retention aid system was investigated after choosing standardized machine operating conditions (e.g. the jet-to-wire speed ratio). As expected, the formation was impaired when the retention was increased. Since good reproducibility was attained, the R-F (Retention and formation)-machine was found to be a useful tool for studying the relationship between retention and paper formation.

PAPER PHYSICS. The web structure in relation to the furnish composition and shoe press pulse profiles during wet pressing

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 798-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Collin Hii ◽  
Øyvind W. Gregersen ◽  
Gary Chinga-Carrasco ◽  
Øyvind Eriksen ◽  
Kai Toven
Keyword(s):  
Porous Structure ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Pulse Length ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Steam Consumption ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Wet Pressing ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Web

Abstract This study shows that wet-pressing TMP and DIP with a shoe press pulse may yield similar afterpress solids, provided that an adequate shoe pulse length with similar pressure profile is applied. A wet web with more porous structure in the sheet dewatering (felt) layer seems to contribute to the increased dewatering during wet pressing. In addition, a shoe press pulse with high peak pressure at the end yields higher solids content after wet-pressing and higher bulk compared to a pulse with a peak pressure in the beginning. The increased dewatering during wet-pressing implies a reduction of steam consumption in the dryer.

Hydrothermic Treatment Effects on Some Ripening Changes on Mango Fruits (Mangifera indica L) `Crillo de Bocado' during Storage: II. Chemical Parameters

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 520e-520
Author(s):  
Juan E Manzano ◽  
Oswaldo Valor
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Green Stage

Mango fruits `Criollo de Bocado' harvested at the mature-green stage were treated with a hydrothermic treatment of 55 °C for 3 min and stored for 20 days at temperatures of 10 ± 2, 15 ± 2 and 28 ± 2 °C. A randomized design 2 × 3 × 4 with three replications was used. Some chemical parameters were analyzed, such as total soluble solids content (% TSS), pH, tritatable acidity, and TSS/tritatable acidity ratio. TSS content increased with storage time at low temperature. The pH increased measurably with storage temperature, while tritatable acidity values results had inconsistent data.

Deep Shaft High Rate Aerobic Digestion: Laboratory and Pilot Plant Performance

1981 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Tran ◽  
D. Gannon
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
High Solids ◽  
Aerobic Digestion ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
High Solids Content

Abstract The Deep Shaft process, originating from ICI Ltd. in the U.K., has been further developed by C-I-L Inc., Eco-Technology Division into an extremely energy efficient, high rate biological treatment process for industrial and municipal wastewaters. The Deep Shaft is essentially an air-lift reactor, sunk deep in the ground (100 - 160 m): the resulting high hydrostatic pressure together with very efficient mixing in the shaft provide extremely high oxygen transfer efficiencies (O.T.E.) of up to 90% vs 4 to 20% in other aerators. This high O.T.E. suggests real potential for Deep Shaft technology in the aerobic digestion of sludges and animal wastes: with conventional aerobic digesters an O.T.E. over 8% is extremely difficult to achieve. This paper describes laboratory and pilot plant Deep Shaft aerobic digester (DSAD) studies carried out at Eco-Research's Pointe Claire, Quebec laboratories, and at the Paris, Ontario pilot Deep Shaft digester. An economic pre-evaluation indicated that DSAD had the greatest potential for treating high solids content primary or secondary sludge (3-7% total solids) in the high mesophilic and thermophilic temperature range (25-60°C) i.e. in cases where conventional digesters would experience severe limitations of oxygen transfer. Laboratory and pilot plant studies have accordingly concentrated on high solids content sludge digestion as a function of temperature. Laboratory scale daily draw and fill DSAD runs with a 5% solids sludge at 33°C with a 3 day retention time have achieved 34% volatile solids reduction and a stabilized sludge exhibiting a specific oxygen uptake rate (S.O.U.R.) of less than 1 mgO2/gVSS/hour, measured at 20°C. This digestion rate is about four times faster than the best conventional digesters. Using Eco-Research's Paris, Ontario pilot scale DSAD (a 160 m deep 8 cm diameter u-tube), a 40% reduction in total volatile solids, (or 73% reduction of biodegradable VS) and a final SOUR of 1.2 mg02/gVSS/hour have been achieved for a 4.6% solids sludge in 4 days at 33°C, with loading rates of up to 7.9 kg VSS/m3-day. Laboratory runs at thermophilic temperatures (up to 60°C) have demonstrated that a stabilized sludge (24-41% VSS reduction) can be produced in retention time of 2 days or less, with a resulting loading rate exceeding 10 kg VSS/m3-day.

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