A portable monitor for the rapid assessment of processing quality of stored potato tubers

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 909-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Coleman ◽  
G. C. C. Tai ◽  
S. Clayton ◽  
M. Howie ◽  
A. Pereira
2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio T de Freitas ◽  
Engil Isadora P Pereira ◽  
Ana Cecília S Gomez ◽  
Auri Brackmann ◽  
Fernando Nicoloso ◽  
...  

The objective of this work was to access processing quality of potato clones (Solanum tuberosum) Asterix, SMINIA793101-3, and Missaukee cultivated during spring and autumn growing seasons and stored at 4, 8, 12, or 25ºC. Clones grown in spring had shorter dormancy than clones grown in autumn. Potato tubers grown in spring and autumn and stored at 4ºC, as well as tubers grown in autumn and stored at 8ºC had no sprouting for six months. Among clones grown in autumn, the longest dormancy period during storage at 12ºC was observed in the clone SMINIA793101-3, and at 25ºC was in the clone Asterix. In potato tubers grown in spring, the longest dormancy period during storage at 8ºC was observed in the clones SMINIA793101-3 and Missaukee, at 12ºC was in the clone SMINIA793101-3, and at 25ºC was in the clones Asterix and Missaukee. Potato tubers grown in spring had higher dry matter, starch content, and respiration rates, and lower reducing sugar, and total polyphenol content. The only exception was the Missaukee that had similar dry matter content in both growing seasons. In general, storage at 4ºC and 8ºC were more effective in reducing respiration rates and maintaining higher dry mater content of potato tubers. Chip darkening, reducing sugars, and total polyphenol content increased during storage of potato tubers. Darker chip color, higher reducing sugars and polyphenol content were obtained during storage at temperatures of 4ºC and 8ºC. These results suggest that the best storage temperature depends on genotype, tuber physiological age, and growing conditions.


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-184
Author(s):  
J Ferdous ◽  
TS Roy ◽  
R Chakraborty ◽  
M Mostofa ◽  
R Noor ◽  
...  

The effect of vermicompost on dry matter and specific gravity of potato tubers under ambient storage condition was studied. Vermicompost was used at four rates viz. 0, 2, 4 and 6 t ha-1 over the four varieties of potato viz. BARI TPS-1, BARI Alu-28 (Lady Rosetta), BARI Alu-25 (Asterix) and BARI Alu-29 (Courage). Results demonstrated that processing parameters such as dry matter percentage (%) and specific gravity increased with increasing vermicompost levels while they decreased with the increasing storing period. Lady Rosetta and Asterix potato varieties can be safely stored at normal room temperature up to 60 days. There was no interaction between vermicompost rates and crop varieties. Hence, the potato growers of Bangladesh can use vermicompost at 6 t ha-1 for achieving better yield without affecting processing quality. SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 173-184 (2019)


2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-78
Author(s):  
D Parvin ◽  
JU Ahmed ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
M Mohi-Ud-Din

Processing quality of potato tubers depend on the physico-chemical properties which changes within the time in long-term storage period. The present study was conducted to find out a suitable storage condition that could be able to maintain the processing quality of potatoes. Three potato varieties namely Asterix (BARI Alu-25), Courage (BARI Alu-29) and Lady Rosetta (BARI Alu-28) and three different storage conditions viz. Bamboo chamber (BC), earthen chamber with evaporative cooler (EC) and refrigerator (RF) were used in this study. Data were recorded monthly-basis on the physico-chemical processing qualities of the potato tubers. Potato tubers stored in RF was able to maintain higher dry matter content and lower weight loss, shrinkage and energy content than BC and EC. Though the physical qualities of the refrigerated tubers were well-maintained, but produced considerably higher amount of mean reducing sugars (2.69 mg/g FW) which was 11.6 and 17.9% higher than the mean of BC (2.41 mg/g FW) and EC (2.28 mg/g FW), respectively; and higher mean sucrose contents (2.46 mg/g FW) which was 6.5 and 18.8% higher than the mean of BC (2.31 mg/g FW) and EC (2.07 mg/g FW), respectively. EC maintained significantly lower amount of mean glucose (0.17 mg/g FW), fructose (1.96 mg/g FW) and total soluble sugar (4.20 mg/g FW) contents than BC and RF. Compared to pre-storage, mean reducing sugar content was increased by 1.5, 1.7 and 2.0 times in EC, BC and RF, respectively until 90 days of storage and the increase in mean sucrose content was 1.7-, 2.1- and 2.3-fold in EC, BC and RF, respectively. Among the varieties, Courage and Lady Rosetta were suitable for long-term storage for processing than Asterix. Chips produced from the potatoes stored in the EC acquired significantly higher scores for sensory attributes than that of BC and RF. Results clearly depicted that potatoes stored in EC were more suitable for processing due to moderate retention of dry matter content (22.13%) and lower accumulation of different sugars and were able to retain processing quality up to 90 days of storage than that of BC and RF. Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2019) 23(2) : 61-78


2020 ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Н.Т. Чеботарев ◽  
Н.Н. Шергина

Пахотные угодья Республики Коми в основном представлены дерново-подзолистыми почвами с низким естественным плодородием, которые без применения удобрений быстро подвергаются деградационным процессам, что резко снижает их продуктивность. Цель исследований: оценка эффективности долговременного применения органических и минеральных удобрений при выращивании картофеля в кормовом севообороте в условиях Республики Коми. Методической основой выполнения работ были комплексные исследования дерново-подзолистых почв, клубней картофеля на участках многолетнего полевого эксперимента, заложенного на землях Института агробиотехнологий ФИЦ Коми НЦ УрО РАН в соответствии с «Методическими указаниями географической сети опытов с удобрениями». Длительный период исследований (более 40 лет) характеризовался различными климатическими условиями, которые отразились на количестве урожая и качестве клубней картофеля. Было проведено 7 ротаций (14 лет) с выращиванием картофеля. Вносили органические удобрения – торфонавозный компост (ТНК) в дозах 40 и 80 т/га (1 и 2 фон, соответственно) под картофель и минеральные удобрения – NPК в дозах 1/3; 1/2 и 1 для восполнения выноса растениями элементов питания. Установлено положительное влияние комплексного применения органических и минеральных удобрений на урожайность и качество картофеля, а также на плодородие дерново-подзолистой легкосуглинистой среднеокультуренной почвы в кормовом севообороте в почвенно-климатических условиях Республики Коми. В результате применения шестипольного севооборота и комплексного внесения удобрений с 1978 года к 2019 году в почвах снизилась обменная и гидролитическая кислотность; повысилось содержание гумуса на 0,5% (в контроле); на 0,2–0,5% (с тремя дозами минеральных удобрений); на 0,3–1,1% (с ТНК); на 0,2–1,6% (при совместном применении органических и минеральных удобрений). Наибольшие урожаи картофеля получены при совместном применении органических (80 т/га) и минеральных удобрений (1 NPК) и составили 37,1 т/га клубней (8,5 тыс/га кормовых единиц). При таком соотношении удобрений показано высокое качество клубней картофеля: содержание крахмала 15,5%, витамина С – 19,4 мг%, сырого протеина – 14,1%. Количество нитратного азота не превышало ПДК (ПДК 250 мг.с.м.). Экономические расчеты показали, что при внесении ТНК 40 т/га + 1 NPК в дерново-подзолистые почвы с.-х. использования в среднетаежной зоне Республики Коми при выращивании картофеля, условный чистый доход составит 68,4 тыс. р. с 1 га, себестоимость 1 т картофеля – 2,8 тыс. р., рентабельность 188,7%. The arable land of the Republic of Komi is mainly represented by dern-sub-ground soils with low natural fertility, which without the use of fertilizers are quickly subjected to degradation processes, which dramatically reduces their productivity. The aim of the research is to evaluate the efficiency of long-term use of organic and mineral fertilizers in the growing of potatoes in feed crop rotation in the conditions of the Komi Republic. The methodological basis for carrying out the works was comprehensive studies of dern-subhead soils, potato tubers on the sites of a multi-year field experiment laid on the lands of the Institute of Agrobiotechnology of the FRC Komi SC UB RAS in accordance with the «Methodological Instructions of the Geographical Network of Experiments with Fertilizers». A long period of research (more than 40 years) was characterized by different climatic conditions, which affected the number of crops and the quality of potato tubers. There were 7 rotations (14 years) with potato cultivation. Organic fertilizers – peat-avous compost (TNK) in doses of 40 and 80 t/ha (1 and 2 background, respectively) for potatoes and mineral fertilizers – NPK in doses of 1/3; 1/2 and 1 to replenish the carry-out of food elements by plants. The positive effect of the integrated use of organic and mineral fertilizers on the yield and quality of potatoes, as well as on the fertility of soddy-podzolic light loamy medium cultivated soil in fodder crop rotation in the soil and climatic conditions of the Komi Republic, has been established. As a result of the use of six-bed crop rotation and the integrated application of fertilizers, metabolic and hydrolytic acidity decreased in soils from 1978 to 2019; humus content increased by 0.5% (in control); 0.2–0.5% (with three doses of mineral fertilizers); 0.3–1.1% (with TNCs); 0.2–1.6% (with combined use of organic and mineral fertilizers). The largest potato yields were obtained from the combined use of organic (80 t/ha) and mineral fertilizers (1 NPK) and amounted to 37.1 t/ha tubers (8.5 thousand/ha feed units). The largest potato harvests were obtained with the combined use of organic (80 t/ha) and mineral fertilizers (1 NPK) and amounted to 37.1 t/ha of tubers (8.5 thousand/ha of feed units). With this ratio of fertilizers, the high quality of potato tubers was also determined: the starch content was 15.5%, vitamin C – 19.4 mg%, crude protein – 14.1%. The amount of nitrate nitrogen did not exceed the MPC (MPC 250 mg.s.m.). Economic calculations showed that if TNK is added 40 t/ha 1 NPK to the dern-sub-ground soils of agricultural use in the medium-sized zone of the Komi Republic when growing potatoes, the conditional net income will be 68.4 thousand rubles from 1 ha, the cost of 1 t of potatoes – 2.8 thousand rubles, profitability 188.7%.


2019 ◽  
Vol 485 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-233
Author(s):  
V. P. Kalyabina ◽  
E. N. Esimbekova ◽  
I. G. Torgashina ◽  
K. V. Kopylova ◽  
V. A. Kratasyuk

We formulated the principles of designing bioluminescent enzyme tests for assessing the quality of complex media which consist in providing the maximum sensitivity to potentially toxic chemicals at a minimal impact of uncontaminated complex media. The developed principles served as a basis for designing a new bioluminescent method for an integrated rapid assessment of chemical safety of fruits and vegetables which is based on using the luminescent bacterium enzymes (NAD(P)H:FMN oxidoreductase and luciferase) as a test system.


Introduction of complex mineral fertilizer of an azofoska in combination with ammonium nitrate and urea to early ripe potatoes of Zhukovsky and Red Scarlett variety on the planned productivity of 40 t/hectare has allowed to achieve a goal. At the same time in control option without fertilizers the productivity was 23,2-24,8 t/hectare. Use of encapsulated urea has led to decrease in productivity and level of profitability by 26,3-30,9%. Early ripe potatoes of Zhukovsky and Red Scarlett variety on natural fertility of the chernozem leached in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region have created average yield of 23,2-24,8 t/hectare for years of researches. Use of complex mineral fertilizer of an azofoska in combination with ammonium nitrate and urea on the planned productivity of 40 t/hectare has led to increase in productivity on the first variety to 39,5 on the second variety up to 41,4 t/hectare. Introduction of the encapsulated urea has led to decrease in productivity of the early ripe potato tubers studied. At the same time, the peel was gentle and when cleaning it was strongly injured. As to the content of starch (11,9-12,6%) at both varieties the big difference between ex-perience options isn't revealed. The similar picture was observed also according to tastes of tubers. It has made 3,2-3,5 points at Zhukovsky variety and 3,4-3,7 points at Red Scarlett's variety. Profitability level in con-trol option at Zhukovsky variety was 157,3%, at Red Scarlett's variety – 140,5%. In options with non-encapsulated ammonium nitrate and urea the first variety got 172,6-184,1%, second variety – 190,4-207,2%. In option with encapsulated urea at varieties under study the profitability level has decreased 26,3-30,9.


2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 633
Author(s):  
Ping-Ping ZHANG ◽  
Hong-Xiang MA ◽  
Jin-Bao YAO ◽  
Miao-Ping ZHOU ◽  
Peng ZHANG

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 103223
Author(s):  
Zhaojian Shi ◽  
Ling Liu ◽  
Kailong Zhang ◽  
Xiaolong Wang ◽  
Zhen Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e036337
Author(s):  
Heba AlSawahli ◽  
Ian McCormick ◽  
Caleb D Mpyet ◽  
Gamal Ezzelarab ◽  
Mohammad Shalaby

ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment, and the coverage and quality of cataract surgical services, among population aged 50 years and older in Sohag governorate in Egypt.DesignA population-based cross-sectional survey using two-stage cluster random sampling following the rapid assessment of avoidable blindness methodology.SettingA community-based survey conducted by six teams of ophthalmologists, assistants and local guides. Enrolment and examination were door-to-door in selected clusters.ParticipantsUsing 2016 census data, 68 population units were randomly selected as clusters (of 60 people) with probability proportionate to population size. Anyone aged 50 years and older, residing in a non-institutional setting in a cluster for at least 6 months, was eligible to participate.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment. Secondary outcomes were CSC and effectiveness and participant-reported barriers to cataract surgery.ResultsOf 4078 participants enrolled, 4033 (98.9%) were examined. The age-adjusted and sex-adjusted prevalence of blindness, severe vision impairment and moderate vision impairment were 5.9% (95% CI 4.8% to 6.9%), 4.7% (95% CI 3.8% to 5.7%) and 18.9% (95% CI 16.8% to 21.0%), respectively. Cataract caused most of blindness (41.6%), followed by non-trachomatous corneal opacity (15.7%) and posterior segment diseases (14.5%). Cataract surgical coverage (CSC) for persons for visual acuity <3/60 was 86.8%, the proportion of cataract surgeries with poor visual outcome was 29.5% and effective CSC (eCSC) was 44.9%. eCSC was lower in women than men. The most frequently reported barrier to surgery was cost (51.5%).ConclusionsThe prevalence of blindness in Sohag governorate is higher than districts in other middle-income countries in the region. CSC was high; however, women suffer worse quality-corrected CSC than men. The quality of cataract surgery needs to be addressed, while health system strengthening across government and private settings could alleviate financial barriers.


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