Phosphorus features in FT-IR spectra of natural organic matter

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (S1) ◽  
pp. 259-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongqi He ◽  
C. Wayne Honeycutt ◽  
Tsutomu Ohno ◽  
James F. Hunt ◽  
Barbara J. Cade-Menun
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Ft Ir

scholarly journals Adsorption of glyphosate on clays and soils from Paraná State: effect of pH and competitive adsorption of phosphate

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lútecia Hiera da Cruz ◽  
Henrique de Santana ◽  
Cássia Thaïs Bussamra Vieira Zaia ◽  
Dimas Augusto Morozin Zaia
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Competitive Adsorption ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
State Effect ◽  
Secondary Role ◽  
Ft Ir

This work showed that the adsorption of glyphosate (GPS) depends on surface area for clays and amount of clays and CEC for soils. Organic matter (OM) had a secondary role in the adsorption of GPS on soils. The adsorption of GPS on soils from Londrina and Floraí counties and clays (montmorillonite, kaolinite) decreased when pH increased, however, for bentonite clay and soil from Tibagi county was kept constant. For the soils, the competitive adsorption between GPS and phosphate showed that displace of GPS by phosphate was related to the amount of clays, CEC and pH. GPS was not easily displaced by phosphate on the clays. The FT-IR spectra of the soils and clays showed that soil from Londrina resembled kaolinite. Thus, this could explain the results of adsorption of GPS and the competitive adsorption between GPS and phosphate.

scholarly journals The Removal of CuO Nanoparticles from Water by Conventional Treatment C/F/S: The Effect of pH and Natural Organic Matter

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizwan Khan ◽  
Muhammad Ali Inam ◽  
Du Ri Park ◽  
Sarfaraz Khan ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Cuo Nps ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Fourier Transform

The increased use of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs), such as copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), in commercial products and applications raises concern regarding their possible release into freshwater sources. Therefore, their removal from water is important to eliminate adverse environmental and human health effects. In this study, the effects of pH and natural organic matter (NOM), i.e., humic acid (HA) and salicylic acid (SA) on the removal of CuO NPs by coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation (C/F/S) were evaluated. The results indicated that pH significantly affects the coagulation efficiency, where 10–60% CuO NPs removal was achieved under extreme acidic/alkaline conditions. However, at neutral pH, removal of up to 90% was observed with a lower ferric chloride (FC) dosage (0.2 mM). The coagulation efficiency and mechanism were strongly affected by the type of Fe species present in the aqueous phase, which is mainly controlled by pH. Higher concentrations of both HA and SA decrease the CuO NPs agglomeration rate, and thereby improve the colloidal stability due to the NOM molecules adsorbed onto the NPs surface. The presence of hydrophobic HA needs a higher FC dosage of 0.5–0.8 mM than a dosage of hydrophilic SA of 0.25–0.35 mM, to obtain a similar CuO coagulation efficiency. Moreover, higher removals of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and UV254 were observed more in hydrophobic NOM than in hydrophilic. The results of the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis of FC composite flocs confirm that the charge neutralization and enmeshment of coagulant might be a possible removal mechanism. The findings of the current study may provide critical information in the prediction of the fate, mobility, and removal of CuO NPs during C/F/S in water treatment.

Characterization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) extracted from soils by hot water percolation (HWP)

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takács ◽  
Gy. Füleky
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Water Percolation ◽  
Soil Humic Acid

The Hot Water Percolation (HWP) technique for preparing soil extracts has several advantages: it is easily carried out, fast, and several parameters can be measured from the same solution. The object of this study was to examine the possible use of HWP extracts for the characterization of soil organic matter. The HPLC-SEC chromatograms, UV-VIS and fluorescence properties of the HWP extracts were studied and the results were compared with those of the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS) Soil Humic Acid (HA), IHSS Soil Fulvic Acid (FA) and IHSS Suwannee Natural Organic Matter (NOM) standards as well as their HA counterparts isolated by traditional extraction methods from the original soil samples. The DOM of the HWP solution is probably a mixture of organic materials, which have some characteristics similar to the Soil FA fractions and NOM. The HWP extracted organic material can be studied and characterized using simple techniques, like UV-VIS and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Light- or Dark-Colored, L-DOPA-Based Melanins

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen Vercruysse ◽  
Margaret M. Whalen
Keyword(s):  
Human Physiology ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Signature ◽  
Ft Ir

<p>This report is a continuation of previous research on the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-mediated synthesis of melanin-like pigments. We synthesized and characterized L-DOPA-based pigments using air- or H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-mediated<sub> </sub>oxidation. We compared their physic-chemical properties and evaluated their capacity to affect the interleukin release from immune cells. The use of higher concentrations of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> resulted in melanin-like materials with a distinct chemical signature in their FT-IR spectra and a lighter color. All pigments enhanced the interleukin release from immune cells. The possibility that lighter-colored melanins can be generated is discussed in the context of the importance of melanin-based pigmentation in human physiology.</p>

Characterization and isolation of natural organic matter from a eutrophic reservoir

2000 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 269-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Nan Chang ◽  
Ying-Shih Ma ◽  
Guor-Cheng Fang ◽  
Fang-Fong Zing
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Eutrophic Reservoir

Coagulation/flocculation/ultrafiltration for natural organic matter removal in drinking water production

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Costa ◽  
M.N. de Pinho
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Membranes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Drinking Water Production

Membrane fouling by natural organic matter (NOM), namely by humic substances (HS), is a major problem in water treatment for drinking water production using membrane processes. Membrane fouling is dependent on membrane morphology like pore size and on water characteristics namely NOM nature. This work addresses the evaluation of the efficiency of ultrafiltration (UF) and Coagulation/Flocculation/UF performance in terms of permeation fluxes and HS removal, of the water from Tagus River (Valada). The operation of coagulation with chitosan was evaluated as a pretreatment for minimization of membrane fouling. UF experiments were carried out in flat cells of 13.2×10−4 m2 of membrane surface area and at transmembrane pressures from 1 to 4 bar. Five cellulose acetate membranes were laboratory made to cover a wide range of molecular weight cut-off (MWCO): 2,300, 11,000, 28,000, 60,000 and 75,000 Da. Severe fouling is observed for the membranes with the highest cut-off. In the permeation experiments of raw water, coagulation prior to membrane filtration led to a significant improvement of the permeation performance of the membranes with the highest MWCO due to the particles and colloidal matter removal.

Decolorisation of natural organic matter by Phanerochaete chrysosporium: the effect of environmental conditions

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rojek ◽  
F.A. Roddick ◽  
A. Parkinson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Colour Removal ◽  
Humic Material ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Content

Phanerochaete chrysosporium was shown to rapidly decolorise a solution of natural organic matter (NOM). The effect of various parameters such as carbon and nitrogen content, pH, ionic strength, NOM concentration and addition of Mn2+ on the colour removal process was investigated. The rapid decolorisation was related to fungal growth and biosorption rather than biodegradation as neither carbon nor nitrogen limitation, nor Mn2+ addition, triggered the decolorisation process. Low pH (pH 3) and increased ionic strength (up to 50 g L‒1 added NaCl) led to greater specific removal (NOM/unit biomass), probably due to increased electrostatic bonding between the humic material and the biomass. Adsorption of NOM with viable and inactivated (autoclaved or by sodium azide) fungal pellets occurred within 24 hours and the colour removal depended on the viability, method of inactivation and pH. Colour removal by viable pellets was higher under the same conditions, and this, combined with desorption data, confirmed that fungal metabolic activity was important in the decolorisation process. Overall, removals of up to 40–50% NOM from solution were obtained. Of this, removal by adsorption was estimated as 60–70%, half of which was physicochemical, the other half metabolically-dependent biosorption and bioaccumulation. The remainder was considered to be removed by biodegradation, although some of this may be ascribed to bioaccumulation and metabolically-dependent biosorption.

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