On the gauge and relativistic invariance in quantum electrodynamics

1965 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-322
Author(s):  
J. N. Chahoud ◽  
G. Russo
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Relativistic Invariance

scholarly journals Is Einsteinian no-signalling violated in Bell tests?

Open Physics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 739-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Kupczynski
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Quantum Correlations ◽  
Spin Projection ◽  
Marginal Probability ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Relativistic Invariance ◽  
Long Range Correlations ◽  
Apparent Violation

AbstractRelativistic invariance is a physical law verified in several domains of physics. The impossibility of faster than light influences is not questioned by quantum theory. In quantum electrodynamics, in quantum field theory and in the standard model relativistic invariance is incorporated by construction. Quantum mechanics predicts strong long range correlations between outcomes of spin projection measurements performed in distant laboratories. In spite of these strong correlations marginal probability distributions should not depend on what was measured in the other laboratory what is called shortly: non-signalling. In several experiments, performed to test various Bell-type inequalities, some unexplained dependence of empirical marginal probability distributions on distant settings was observed. In this paper we demonstrate how a particular identification and selection procedure of paired distant outcomes is the most probable cause for this apparent violation of no-signalling principle. Thus this unexpected setting dependence does not prove the existence of superluminal influences and Einsteinian no-signalling principle has to be tested differently in dedicated experiments. We propose a detailed protocol telling how such experiments should be designed in order to be conclusive. We also explain how magical quantum correlations may be explained in a locally causal way.

Generation and degree of entanglement in a relativistic formulation

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
J. Pachos ◽  
E. Solano
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Entangled States ◽  
Spin Interaction ◽  
Relativistic Invariance ◽  
Relativistic Formulation ◽  
Relativistic Version ◽  
Consistent Approach ◽  
Degree Of Entanglement ◽  
Dirac Spinors

The generation of entangled states and their degree of entanglement are studied in a relativistic formulation for the case of two interacting spin-1/2 charged particles. In the realm of quantum electrodynamics, we revisit the interaction that produces entanglement between the spin components of covariant Dirac spinors describing the two particles. In this way, we derive the relativistic version of the spin-spin interaction, widely used in the nonrelativistic regime. Following this consistent approach, the relativistic invariance of the generated entanglement is discussed.

scholarly journals Quantum electrodynamics with ∂ A μ /∂ x μ = 0

1946 ◽  
Vol 185 (1001) ◽  
pp. 192-206 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Maxwell Equations ◽  
Poisson Brackets ◽  
Relativistic Invariance ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Vacuum Case ◽  
Commutation Relations ◽  
Longitudinal Part

The quantization of the electromagnetic field subject to ∂ A μ /∂ x μ = 0 ( A μ being the four-potential) developed in an earlier paper is reviewed, and a proof of the relativistic invariance of the commutation relations left out in the earlier paper supplied (§ 2). The Poisson brackets of A μ at two different points in space are worked out for the vacuum case (§ 3). If, instead of considering a field of matter, one considers explicitly different particles interacting with the electromagnetic field, such a theory gives us field equations which differ slightly from the equations of Dirac, Fock & Podolsky. By imposing a condition on Ψ occurring in nature, the Maxwell equations remain satisfied (§ 4, 5). Finally, it is shown how the equation ∂ A μ /∂ x μ = 0 can be brought into the new electrodynamics of Dirac and how, as a consequence, the longitudinal part of the field can be eliminated (§ 6).

Energy, Information, and Superluminal Speed in Quantum Electrodynamics

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Boris A. Veklenko
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Perturbation Theory ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Excited Atom ◽  
Standard Quantum ◽  
Energy Information

Without using the perturbation theory, the article demonstrates a possibility of superluminal information-carrying signals in standard quantum electrodynamics using the example of scattering of quantum electromagnetic field by an excited atom.

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