Molecular mechanisms of cAMP-regulated gene expression

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 197-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Walton ◽  
Robert P. Rehfuss
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression

crooked legs encodes a family of zinc finger proteins required for leg morphogenesis and ecdysone-regulated gene expression during Drosophila metamorphosis

Development ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 125 (9) ◽  
pp. 1733-1745 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.P. D'Avino ◽  
C.S. Thummel
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Genetic Locus ◽  
Regulatory Genes ◽  
Protein Isoforms ◽  
Sequence Motif ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Insect Metamorphosis ◽  
Adult Head ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression

Drosophila imaginal discs undergo extensive pattern formation during larval development, resulting in each cell acquiring a specific adult fate. The final manifestation of this pattern into adult structures is dependent on pulses of the steroid hormone ecdysone during metamorphosis, which trigger disc eversion, elongation and differentiation. We have defined genetic criteria that allow us to screen for ecdysone-inducible regulatory genes that are required for this transformation from patterned disc to adult structure. We describe here the first genetic locus isolated using these criteria: crooked legs (crol). crol mutants die during pupal development with defects in adult head eversion and leg morphogenesis. The crol gene is induced by ecdysone during the onset of metamorphosis and encodes at least three protein isoforms that contain 12–18 C2H2 zinc fingers. Consistent with this sequence motif, crol mutations have stage-specific effects on ecdysone-regulated gene expression. The EcR ecdysone receptor, and the BR-C, E74 and E75 early regulatory genes, are submaximally induced in crol mutants in response to the prepupal ecdysone pulse. These changes in gene activity are consistent with the crol lethal phenotypes and provide a basis for understanding the molecular mechanisms of crol action. The genetic criteria described here provide a new direction for identifying regulators of adult tissue development during insect metamorphosis.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Adenosine Biosynthesis in Anamorph Strain of Caterpillar Fungus

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Shan Lin ◽  
Zhicheng Zou ◽  
Cuibing Zhou ◽  
Hancheng Zhang ◽  
Zhiming Cai
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Purine Metabolism ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Metabolism Pathway ◽  
Caterpillar Fungus ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression ◽  
Late Stages

Caterpillar fungus is a well-known fungal Chinese medicine. To reveal molecular changes during early and late stages of adenosine biosynthesis, transcriptome analysis was performed with the anamorph strain of caterpillar fungus. A total of 2,764 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified (p≤0.05, |log2 Ratio| ≥ 1), of which 1,737 were up-regulated and 1,027 were down-regulated. Gene expression profiling on 4–10 d revealed a distinct shift in expression of the purine metabolism pathway. Differential expression of 17 selected DEGs which involved in purine metabolism (map00230) were validated by qPCR, and the expression trends were consistent with the RNA-Seq results. Subsequently, the predicted adenosine biosynthesis pathway combined with qPCR and gene expression data of RNA-Seq indicated that the increased adenosine accumulation is a result of down-regulation of ndk, ADK, and APRT genes combined with up-regulation of AK gene. This study will be valuable for understanding the molecular mechanisms of the adenosine biosynthesis in caterpillar fungus.

scholarly journals Zinc and Traumatic Brain Injury: From Chelation to Supplementation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy W. Levenson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Behavioral Deficits ◽  
Zinc Accumulation ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression

With a worldwide incidence rate of almost 70 million annually, traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a frequent cause of both disability and death. Our modern understanding of the zinc-regulated neurochemical, cellular, and molecular mechanisms associated with TBI is the result of a continuum of research spanning more than three decades. This review describes the evolution of the field beginning with the initial landmark work on the toxicity of excess neuronal zinc accumulation after injury. It further shows how the field has expanded and shifted to include examination of the cellular pools of zinc after TBI, identification of the role of zinc in TBI-regulated gene expression and neurogenesis, and the use of zinc to prevent cognitive and behavioral deficits associated with brain injury.

scholarly journals PrediXcan: Trait Mapping Using Human Transcriptome Regulation

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric R Gamazon ◽  
Heather E Wheeler ◽  
Kaanan Shah ◽  
Sahar V Mozaffari ◽  
Keston Aquino-Michaels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Genetic Profile ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Reference Transcriptome ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified thousands of variants robustly associated with complex traits. However, the biological mechanisms underlying these associations are, in general, not well understood. We propose a gene-based association method called PrediXcan that directly tests the molecular mechanisms through which genetic variation affects phenotype. The approach estimates the component of gene expression determined by an individual's genetic profile and correlates the “imputed” gene expression with the phenotype under investigation to identify genes involved in the etiology of the phenotype. The genetically regulated gene expression is estimated using whole-genome tissue-dependent prediction models trained with reference transcriptome datasets. PrediXcan enjoys the benefits of gene- based approaches such as reduced multiple testing burden, more comprehensive annotation of gene function compared to that derived from single variants, and a principled approach to the design of follow-up experiments while also integrating knowledge of regulatory function. Since no actual expression data are used in the analysis of GWAS data - only in silico expression - reverse causality problems are largely avoided. PrediXcan harnesses reference transcriptome data for disease mapping studies. Our results demonstrate that PrediXcan can detect known and novel genes associated with disease traits and provide insights into the mechanism of these associations.

scholarly journals The effects of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate on testicular ultrastructure and hormone-regulated gene expression in male rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Qin ◽  
Quan Ma ◽  
Jianhui Yuan ◽  
Xinnan Hu ◽  
Qin Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

The objective of this study is to determine testicular pathological damage and explore its molecular mechanisms after di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) treatment.

Nutrient-regulated gene expression in eukaryotes

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Reece ◽  
Laila Beynon ◽  
Stacey Holden ◽  
Amanda D. Hughes ◽  
Karine Rébora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
A Cell ◽  
One Step ◽  
Higher Eukaryotes ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression

The recognition of changes in environmental conditions, and the ability to adapt to these changes, is essential for the viability of cells. There are numerous well characterized systems by which the presence or absence of an individual metabolite may be recognized by a cell. However, the recognition of a metabolite is just one step in a process that often results in changes in the expression of whole sets of genes required to respond to that metabolite. In higher eukaryotes, the signalling pathway between metabolite recognition and transcriptional control can be complex. Recent evidence from the relatively simple eukaryote yeast suggests that complex signalling pathways may be circumvented through the direct interaction between individual metabolites and regulators of RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription. Biochemical and structural analyses are beginning to unravel these elegant genetic control elements.

Stage 1 Registered Report Manuscript - Transcriptional Correlates of Savings Memory: Is Forgetting Due to Decay or Retrieval Failure?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Calin-Jageman ◽  
Irina Calin-Jageman ◽  
Tania Rosiles ◽  
Melissa Nguyen ◽  
Annette Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Memory Trace ◽  
Aplysia Californica ◽  
Retrieval Failure ◽  
Initial Learning ◽  
Rigorous Test ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Weak Similarity

[[This is a Stage 1 Registered Report manuscript. The project was submitted for review to eNeuro. Upon revision and acceptance, this version of the manuscript was pre-registered on the OSF (9/11/2019, https://osf.io/fqh8j) (but due to an oversight not posted as a preprint until July 2020). A Stage 2 manuscript is now posted as a pre-print (https://psyarxiv.com/h59jv) and is under review at eNeuro. A link to the final Stage 2 manuscript will be added when available.]]There is fundamental debate about the nature of forgetting: some have argued that it represents the decay of the memory trace, others that the memory trace persists but becomes inaccessible due to retrieval failure. These different accounts of forgetting make different predictions about savings memory, the rapid re-learning of seemingly forgotten information. If forgetting is due to decay then savings requires re-encoding and should thus involve the same mechanisms as initial learning. If forgetting is due to retrieval-failure then savings should be mechanistically distinct from encoding. In this registered report we conducted a pre-registered and rigorous test between these accounts of forgetting. Specifically, we used microarray to characterize the transcriptional correlates of a new memory (1 day from training), a forgotten memory (8 days from training), and a savings memory (8 days from training but with a reminder on day 7 to evoke a long-term savings memory) for sensitization in Aplysia californica (n = 8 samples/group). We find that the transcriptional correlates of savings are [highly similar / somewhat similar / unique] relative to new (1-day-old) memories. Specifically, savings memory and a new memory share [X] of [Y] regulated transcripts, show [strong / moderate / weak] similarity in sets of regulated transcripts, and show [r] correlation in regulated gene expression, which is [substantially / somewhat / not at all] stronger than at forgetting. Overall, our results suggest that forgetting represents [decay / retrieval-failure / mixed mechanisms].

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document