scholarly journals Laboratory evaluation and field application of bacterial and fungal insecticides on the Citrus Flower Moth …

1998 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 160-160
Author(s):  
W. A. Shetata
Keyword(s):  
Field Application ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation

Multi-scale study of bio-binder mixtures as surface layer: Laboratory evaluation and field application and monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 287 ◽  
pp. 122982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leidy V. Espinosa ◽  
Fernanda Gadler ◽  
Rafael V. Mota ◽  
Frederico V. Guatimosim ◽  
Ingrid Camargo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Multi Scale

Evaluation of Microbially Influenced Degradation as a Method for the Decontamination of Radio Actively Contaminated Concrete

1996 ◽  
Vol 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Rogers ◽  
M. A. Hamilton ◽  
L. O. Nelson ◽  
J. Benson ◽  
M. Green
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Concrete Slabs ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Acceptable Method ◽  
Application Data ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACTBecause there are literally square kilometers of radioactively contaminated concrete surfaces within the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) complex, the task (both scope and cost) of decontamination is staggering. Complex-wide cleanup using conventional methodology does not appear to be feasible for every facility because of prioritization, cost, and manual effort required.We are investigating the feasibility of using microbially influenced degradation (MID) of concrete as a unique, innovative approach for the decontamination of concrete. Currently, work is being conducted to determine the practicality and cost effectiveness of using this environmentally acceptable method for decontamination of large surface concrete structures. Under laboratory conditions, the biodecontamination process has successfully been used to remove 2 mm of the surface of concrete slabs. Subsequently, initial field application data from an ongoing pilot-scale demonstration have shown that an average of 2 mm of surface can be removed from meter-square areas of contaminated concrete. The cost for the process has been estimated as $1.29/m2. Methodologies for field application of the process are being developed and will be tested. This paper provides information on the MID process, laboratory evaluation of its use for decontamination, and results from the pilot field application.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF HETERORHABDITIS BACTERIOPHORA AGAINST POPILLIA JAPONICA 3 rd INSTARS: LABORATORY EVALUATION AND FIELD APPLICATION

Redia ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
PAOLI, FRANCESCO ◽  
MARIANELLI, LEONARDO ◽  
BINAZZI, FRANCESCO ◽  
MAZZA, GIUSEPPE ◽  
BENVENUTI, CLAUDIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Popillia Japonica ◽  
Different Doses

Laboratory Evaluation and Field Application of a Type of Polyhydric Alcohols Fracturing Fluid

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 7789-7795
Author(s):  
Xiang-Bo Wei ◽  
Xiao-Rui Li ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Xiao-Rong Wang ◽  
Guo-Yan Ma
Keyword(s):  
Field Application ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Polyhydric Alcohols

Influence of Calcium and Bicarbonate Ions on the Kinetics of CaCO3 Formation at High Temperature in the Absence and Presence of Scale Inhibitors

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Xu ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Ping Chen ◽  
Harry Montgomerie ◽  
Thomas Hagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saturation Index ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Scale Formation ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Scale Inhibitor ◽  
Bicarbonate Ions ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Produced Waters ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract The calcium and bicarbonate ions, present in the produced waters in the oilfields, are two major scaling ions in CaCO3 formation. In the last decade, a lot of studies have been focused on the thermodynamic or kinetics of CaCO3 formation, including the effects of scaling ions, temperature, pH, pCO2, etc. Seldom studies are focused on the kinetics of calcium carbonate surface deposition with different levels of calcium and bicarbonate, especially in the presence of scale inhibitors. In the work reported herein, dynamic loop tests were carried out to study the kinetics of CaCO3surface deposition in three typical produced waters (Water-1, high calcium and low bicarbonate; Water-2, medium calcium and medium bicarbonate; Water-3, low calcium and high bicarbonate) with same saturation index (SI) at 150°C. Typical scale inhibitor chemistries, including phosphonate, polycarboxylic, polymaleic, polysulphonate, polyacrylic, polyaspartate based scale inhibitors, have been tested in three tested waters. The following conclusions are drawn based on the test results. SI generated by applied prediction software is a parameter indicating the thermodynamic driving force. The kinetics of scale formation, more representative field conditions, should be studied as well to give a guideline of scale formation in the fields.Comparison of calcium, bicarbonate is the dominant kinetic factor for CaCO3 formation in the absence and presence of inhibitors.Higher bicarbonate water, higher minimum inhibitor concentration (MIC) is requested, even the three tested waters with a same SI.The ranking of the performance of scale inhibitor are dependent on the water chemistries and inhibitor chemistries. Some of the best ranking phosphonates in Water-1 and Water-2 with low and medium bicarbonate showed poor performance on Water-3 with high bicarbonate. Some polymers showed contrary ranking performance. This paper gives a comprehensive study of the kinetics of CaCO3surface deposition considering the effects of calcium and bicarbonate, including prediction, laboratory evaluation, mechanisms and inhibitor selection. It will contribute to understand the kinetics of CaCO3 formation and recommend effective inhibitors for field application. Environmentally acceptable inhibitors have been developed for different CaCO3 water chemistries at elevated temperature and are suitable for applications through squeeze treatment or continuous injection.

West Africa Salt-Zone Cementing Best Practices: Laboratory Evaluation and 5-Year Field Application Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Degaul Nana ◽  
Christopher Uba ◽  
Carl Johnson ◽  
Matthieu Lonca ◽  
Jamel Zghal
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Chloride Salt ◽  
Salt Formation ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Well Integrity ◽  
Slurry System

Summary To determine which salt-based cement system (potassium chloride or sodium chloride) was suitable for cementing across halite and anhydrite salt sections in West Africa, eight slurry recipes were tested to assess how formation salt contamination would affect slurry properties. The formation salt used for testing was sampled from a deepwater, presalt well in Angola. The recommendations developed from the laboratory study were implemented in 10 projects across West Africa over 5 years with 100% operational and well integrity success. A candidate deepwater well was selected in which the surface and intermediate strings penetrated salt formations. Four slurry designs (a lead and tail slurry used on each casing string) were programmed. Each slurry was designed and tested as two distinct systems using potassium chloride and sodium chloride salt, respectively, yielding a total of eight slurry designs. Using the methodology and data presented by Martins et al. (2002), the mass of dissolved formation salt that each slurry may receive during placement was estimated and duly incorporated into each slurry design. Subsequently, the salt-contaminated slurries were tested and compared with the properties of the initial uncontaminated slurries. On the basis of these results, conclusions were then made on which salt slurry system (potassium chloride or sodium chloride) exhibited better liquid and set properties after contamination with formation salt. Subsequently, this knowledge was applied to 10 projects across three countries in West Africa. This study showed that when the contact time of liquid cement slurry to salt formation was low—typically when the salt-formation interval across which the cement slurry flowed was less than 100 m thick—the level of formation salt dissolution entering the slurry during placement was limited. In this case, a potassium chloride salt-based slurry delivered improved liquid and set properties as compared with a sodium chloride salt-based slurry. In the field, this knowledge was applied in all oilfield projects cemented by an oilfield service company between 2015 and 2020. This included deepwater, shallow offshore, and onshore wells. All related salt-zone cement jobs, including sidetrack plugs, placed across the salt formations were successful on the first attempt. In an absence of industry consensus around salt-formation cement slurry design, this paper validates a guideline for West Africa, based on results from laboratory testing and 5 years of field application. In contrast to current literature that recommends only sodium chloride salt-based slurry designs across halite or anhydrite salt intervals, this work demonstrates that potassium chloride salt-based slurry systems can effectively be used to achieve well integrity where a halite or anhydrite salt interval is less than 100 m (328.1 ft) thick.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document