Charge properties of the weak decay interactions of the new particles

1956 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gatto
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Roger H. Stuewer

In December 1931, Harold Urey discovered deuterium (and its nucleus, the deuteron) by spectroscopically detecting the faint companion lines in the Balmer spectrum of atomic hydrogen that were produced by the heavy hydrogen isotope. In February 1932, James Chadwick, stimulated by the claim of the wife-and-husband team of Irène Curie and Frédéric Joliot that polonium alpha particles cause the emission of energetic gamma rays from beryllium, proved experimentally that not gamma rays but neutrons are emitted, thereby discovering the particle whose existence had been predicted a dozen years earlier by Chadwick’s mentor, Ernest Rutherford. In August 1932, Carl Anderson took a cloud-chamber photograph of a positron traversing a lead plate, unaware that Paul Dirac had predicted the existence of the anti-electron in 1931. These three new particles, the deuteron, neutron, and positron, were immediately incorporated into the experimental and theoretical foundations of nuclear physics.


1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (10) ◽  
pp. 2038-2043 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Abe ◽  
H. Akimoto ◽  
A. Akopian ◽  
M. G. Albrow ◽  
A. Amadon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell T. Hansen ◽  
Fernando Romero-López ◽  
Stephen R. Sharpe

Abstract We derive relations between finite-volume matrix elements and infinite-volume decay amplitudes, for processes with three spinless, degenerate and either identical or non-identical particles in the final state. This generalizes the Lellouch-Lüscher relation for two-particle decays and provides a strategy for extracting three-hadron decay amplitudes using lattice QCD. Unlike for two particles, even in the simplest approximation, one must solve integral equations to obtain the physical decay amplitude, a consequence of the nontrivial finite-state interactions. We first derive the result in a simplified theory with three identical particles, and then present the generalizations needed to study phenomenologically relevant three-pion decays. The specific processes we discuss are the CP-violating K → 3π weak decay, the isospin-breaking η → 3π QCD transition, and the electromagnetic γ* → 3π amplitudes that enter the calculation of the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to muonic g − 2.


2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 237-242
Author(s):  
Zhou Da Zhang ◽  
Xue Mei Chen ◽  
Guo Liang Qu

Calcium carbonate nanoparticles (nano-CaCO3) filled powdered styrene-butadiene rubber (P(SBR/CaCO3) was prepared by adding nano-CaCO3 particles, encapsulant and coagulant to styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) latex by coacervation, and the particle size distribution, structure were studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the (P(SBR/CaCO3) particle structure, and a powdering model was proposed to describe the powdering process. The process includes: (i) the latex particles associated with the dispersed nano-CaCO3 particles (adsorption process) to form “new particles” and (ii) the formation of P(SBR/CaCO3) by coagulating “new particles”. The SEM results also shown that the nano-CaCO3 and rubber matrix have formed a macroscopic homogenization in the (P(SBR/CaCO3) particles and nano-CaCO3 dispersed uniformly in the rubber matrix with an average diameter of approximately 50 nm.


1997 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 1164-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Belz ◽  
R. D. Cousins ◽  
M. V. Diwan ◽  
M. Eckhause ◽  
K. M. Ecklund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

1992 ◽  
Vol 547 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. Barnes
Keyword(s):  

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1707-1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin O'Dowd ◽  
Gordon McFiggans ◽  
David J. Creasey ◽  
Liisa Pirjola ◽  
Claudia Hoell ◽  
...  

1996 ◽  
Vol 180 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Li Chen ◽  
Peng Dong ◽  
Guang-Hua Yang ◽  
Jiu-Jin Yang
Keyword(s):  

1991 ◽  
Vol 259 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 135-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Savage
Keyword(s):  

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